...applications and variations of the balanced scorecard have emerged since its inception. It was received and used so enthusiastically and effectively that the Harvard Business Review labeled it in 1997 as one of the 75 most influential ideas of the 20th Century. 1 Early on, a navigation metaphor was used to illustrate the need for additional performance measures. Over time, the navigation metaphor expanded to include the process of strategic mapping and decisions about where to lead your company. This article outlines the evolution of the balanced scorecard. BALANCEDSCORECARD: THEINCEPTION In 1990, the Nolan Norton Institute, the research arm of KPMG, sponsored a one-year, multi-company study on the future of performance measurement. David Norton, CEO of Nolan Norton, was the study leader, and Robert Kaplan served as an academic consultant. The 12 companies that formed the original study group believed that the exclusive reliance on financial performance metrics alone was causing their companies to do the wrong things. Many of the activities that create organizational value are not derived from the tangible, fixed assets of the firm. Intangible assets such as customer and supplier relationships, innovative product development, and intellectual capital are where most of the value lies. Decisions based on traditional financial measures often fail to incorporate the importance of these real value drivers. Severe cost-cutting programs can have a significant...
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...illustrating this change is the final line of each chapter. Hidden within each final sentence lies an inner message that either pulls together a major theme in the chapter leading up to the sentence, or is a harbinger of the coming chapters. Beginning with the final word in chapter one, “darkness” (21), and concluding with the novel’s final word, “past” (180), Fitzgerald uses simple closing words to represent a deeper, continuous meaning that pervades the book. By doing this, Fitzgerald is able to outline major themes in the novel, including facial expressions, honesty, and balance. Most clearly and powerfully, however, the outline of lightness through positive imagery and darkness through negative imagery is presented in the final lines of each chapter. By grouping the chapters by hopefulness shown in their respective final lines, a trend is apparent. In chapters one through three, the final lines provide a dark, sullen preview for the chapters to come, while chapter four provides a transition into the final lines of chapters five and six, which signify a brief sense of giddiness that begins to darken. Finally, the last lines of chapters seven through nine mark the development and completion of the violent “holocaust” (162). Supplying a preview at the end of chapter one as to the violence to occur later in the novel, Nick says he is “alone again in the unquiet darkness” (21). By stating the word “darkness” at the end of the first chapter, Fitzgerald can ultimately emphasize...
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...darkest place of all is covered in stars. To Earth one star’s light stands out the most. The sun shines its rays in a cycle every day. Light can signify many things. In most cases it is the good, happiness, or stability before the tragedy of life comes. In the novella, Of Mice and Men, by John Steinbeck, the sunlight shown in scenes and the lack of sunlight symbolizes a cycle of optimism before reality strikes in the lives of two characters. Before history can repeat, a present must occur. In the beginning of the...
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...ahead of him, alone as she was born. And of that maiden, spite all she said, by very force he took her maidenhead” (Chaucer 282). This passage of rape depicts to the reader that the Knight is extremely egotistical and only values what he wants in the world, which becomes pertinent later in the text. Not only...
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...THE SAVING NAME OF JESUS Presented to For BIBL 364 – Acts By January , 2014 Outline I. Introduction A. What is the focus of Peter’s advanced argument before the Jewish leaders; namely the Sanhedrin, where in Acts 4:12 he unveils the meaning of Psalm 118 to them? B. Peter’s words rebuke the Jewish leaders’ rejection of God’s appointed Messiah as he also cites Ps 118. This is a critical issue for Peter as this relates to the question of the “authority” by which Peter healed a lame man in chapter 3 II. The name of Jesus A. Only one can claim” I am the Way, the Truth and the Life.” His name, is Jesus. 1. Speaking of this verse 12, Allan Boesak observes: “This is the basis of Christian faith and Christian obedience.” Jesus is the cornerstone and foundation upon whom Christian build ((Ephesians 2:20). According to Hugo H. Culpepper “The understanding of the word, "saved", is crucial to the exposition of this verse. 2. Peter finds the foundation for his powerful Biblical argument before the Sanhedrin, in Psalm 118:22. B. The Absoluteness of Christianity. Thomas L. Constable asserts, “salvation" comes through "no one else" but Jesus ("no other name"). III. The Deity of Christ A. Salvation is made possible through Christ because He is God. 1. Christianity became known as the Way (Acts 9:2, 18:25, 19:9, 19:23, 22:4, 24:14, and 24:22). 2. Russell H. Dilday asserts that Jesus is to be recognized as not just Son of God, “but as the only begotten...
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...Revision: English for Written communication 1. What is communication? Communication is defined as giving, receiving or exchanging information, opinions or ideas so that the message is completely understood by everybody involved. 2. List problems in communication Status & role: one way communication in hierarchy Cultural difference: technical and medical jargons or Google work environment Choice of communication: using the wrong medium(phone) to communicate Length of communication Use of language: grammar, vocabulary Disabilities: hearing and sight Known or unknown receiver Individual perception/ attitudes/ personalities: racial difference / labeling people according to their looks, false perception Atmosphere/noise/distraction Clarity of message Lack of feedback 3. What is written communication? Why is it Important compared to oral communication? (4 marks) Written communication is a form of communication written using symbols between people or groups. It is important for - For record purpose - Legal issues - For reference purpose - Purpose of clarity (pictures, authority, etc) - To be formal 4. What are the good practices that increase the effectiveness of communication? (4 marks) Ways to improve effective communication - Continually practice writing in the language - write with a clear purpose that meets the needs of the reader - decide what you want to say and put this in a logical and suitable sequence - Use words, sentences, paragraphs and layout to convey your...
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... Brown was heralded as the triumph over legal barriers to better educational opportunities for racial/ethnic and minority students. Yet, for others, it endangered a way of life that in the eyes of some, ensured “separate but equal” under Plessy vs. Ferguson (1898). Whatever the perspective, Brown meant a departure from past rules and values. It meant change. Problem In “Public Education in the Twentieth Century and Beyond: High Hopes, Broken Promises, and an Uncertain Future,” Nieto (2005) outlines key legislation over the past seventy-five years in U.S. education that has aided in leveling the educational outcomes for minority students. After the ruling in Brown vs. Board of Education (1954), policies aimed at providing equal opportunities to racial/ ethnic and minority groups began to emerge. As such, changes in population in terms of race, ethnicity, social class, and other differences helped to form the educational experiences of all students in U.S. public schools along with how we view, design, and implement educational policy. This, according to Nieto (2005) has laid the groundwork for thwarted attempts to live up to Horace Mann’s ideal of education as the “great equalizer.” What is interesting to...
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...The company’s unusual governance structure put the Hershey Trust’s board in the difficult position of making both an economic and a governance decision. On the one hand, the board faced a challenging economic decision that centered on determining whether the solicited bids provided a fair premium for HFC shareholders. On the other hand, the governance decision required the board to balance its fiduciary responsibility against the original mandate of Milton Hershey to support the Hershey School in perpetuity. The fiduciary responsibility is relatively simple compared with satisfying a broad array of constituents, including the Hershey community, HFC employees, and Pennsylvania’s attorney general. In addition to this teaching note, we provide a variety of teaching supplements to support a discussion of the complex issues presented by the case: • Video footage of the Hershey community and key players in the case • Excel spreadsheets for key case exhibits • Excel spreadsheets for key teaching-note exhibits • Projection-ready copies of case exhibits • Projection-ready copies of teaching-note exhibits All these materials reside on a single CD with a menu format. The videos are particularly useful in bringing to life the stakeholder issues through the statements of Bill Alexander and Richard Zimmerman. Alexander was a successful entrepreneur serving on the trust’s board, and Zimmerman, a...
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...“Stand By Me” is a film directed by Rob Reiner, which is based on the novella “The Body” by Stephen King. Stand By Me is the story of four twelve year olds living in a small town in the year 1959, whose lives were changed by a chance adventure that they embarked on at the end of an indolent summer. The four boys were Gordie Lachance (Wil Wheaton), Chris Chambers (River Phoenix), Teddy Duchamp (Corey Feldman), and Vern Tessio (Jerry O'Connell). It fits into the film genre coming of age. This genre is outlines as a small group of individuals who have a life changing experience in the natural world. They are usually are the same sex, If not the opposing character would be more masculine/feminine and clearly more suited to hanging round with the group of the opposite sex. The director of the film is keen to show a very strong message, which is apparent though out the film. We are alone in this long journey to adulthood. He expresses this in a variety of ways. One method is cinematography. He frequently uses perspective and panoramic shots, which charts their long, eventful but beautiful journey to the back Harlow Road. The incoming train is another way Reiner shows the boys fear of adulthood. The train is a large, opposing and fast moving object; the threat is objective rather than impersonal. It is one of the imagery factors used he uses to add to his message. Other references to the adult world are seen as enclosed and often hazy, used...
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...Dylan Watts Dr. Todd FSTY 1311.11 04 November 2012 A Border in a Blender The United States and Mexico have shared cultures throughout history. Soccer and cuisine are the two that stand out to me. I grew up in Lubbock, Texas where generally there isn’t much soccer played and there are not many Mexicans in general. We had one Tex-Mex restaurant, and it wasn’t even good. It wasn’t until my college writing class took a field trip to a local Mexican food trailer, that I truly experienced the fusion between Mexico and the United States through food. On the other hand, I do not have a lot of experience with Mexican food, so this topic is kind of new to me. I play baseball, so I am immediately attracted to the soccer aspect of both cultures because of the competition and how a sport can bring two nations together. Its interesting how cultural fusion can blend two different countries together as one. Mexican cuisine and soccer fuse the cultures of the United States and Mexico in ways that have made both countries into what they are today because of the increase of cultural fusion. One way cultural fusion is expressed and elaborated on through cuisine is shown in Patricia Sharpe’s article “Let’s Have Mex-Tex.” She communicates the change over the years from Tex-Mex to “Mex-Tex.” This article focuses on how the “Mex-Tex” food is increasing in Texas and allows the reader to be informed of good restaurants with such origins. On the official Texas Monthly website she states that Mexican...
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...Post-Impressionism was coined by the English art critic Roger Fry for the work of such late nineteenth century painters as Paul Cézanne, Georges Seurat, Paul Gauguin, Vincent van Gogh, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, and others (The Art Industri Group, 2002). Although often consciously at odds with one another and quite different in style, these artists are grouped under this common label that propelled art into the modern era. Rejecting the limitations of Impressionism and its strict and rigid beliefs, Post-Impressionism artists abandoned traditional subject matter and defined form with short brush strokes of broken color, thick, dark outlines, and simplified colors. In this timeline of Post-Impressionism oil paintings, the artwork exhibited will show the early stages of this French movement in early modernism, and the different techniques and uses of shape, color, outline, and form these artists incorporated to convey symbolic meaning and personal emotion. [pic] Fig. 1 1879 Apples, Peaches, Pears, and Grapes Paul Cézanne Oil on canvas Hermitage, St. Petersburg, Russia Apples, Peaches, Pears, and Grapes by Paul Cézanne is an example of French post-impressionism painting that began the post-impressionism movement of the late nineteenth century. As one of the creators and purveyors of modern art, Cézanne creates space and depth of perspective by means of planes of color and the formal interrelationship between line, color, and plane. Cézanne believed that there was a...
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...A Report On the Project of Upgrading of Personal Computers to a Networked Environment and Installation of a Customised Client Database for Penshaw Electricity Services TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1. Introduction iii 2. Methodology iv 2.1 Assumptions iv 2.2 Possible Problems v 2.3 Solutions v 2.4 Project Monitoring vi 2.4.1 Alternative Baseline plan vii 3. Conclusion x 1. Introduction This is a two-phased project in which one phase is the upgrade of systems from stand-alone desktop PCs to networked client/server Windows NT environment, and the other phase is the design, development and installation of client specific database for a company called Penshaw Electricity Services (PES). The phase one part includes installation of Internet, E-mail and Intranet to all client PCs, with the necessary security configurations. The project has an allocated budget of Twenty Eight Thousand pounds (£28,000) and has been given a life time of three (3) months in which it is to be delivered to the best standard, along with its documentation. The team at hand comprises of two (2) experienced Software Engineers (abbreviated SE) - Brian and Sam, and two (2) Trainee Software Engineers (abbreviated TSE) - Karen and Sarah. The project is charged at £425 per day for an SE time, £300 per day for a TSE time and £125 per day for an Installation Engineer (abbreviated IE) time. Factors to consider for the project are ...
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...Thesis We live in a civilization with countless people who are full of selfish ways. A world where it is easy for a man to cheat on his own wife because of lust in his heart; We inhabit a place where one can easily stab a lifelong friend in the back because of jealousy and envy, where one can easily steal from his own family because of greed. We are ever present in a self-centered, self-absorbed, narcissistic culture where ultimately, no one values human life or anything except themselves. Not only is it wrong but the question looms, will it ever changes? The two fictional short stories, “The Lottery” and “The Most Dangerous Game” both exhibit characteristics of selfishness, cruelty and violence toward ones fellowman. These writings hold great truths because they present what could be real life situations today. In comparing and contrasting the two we find how each of these fictional works displays the aforementioned themes and so much more. It is quite interesting to read about such behaviors and actually witness them now. The news stories we see, the people we encounter, the lives we live. What is their value? What about one of God’s Ten Commandments, “Thou shalt not kill?” Life is by far the most precious gift that we have been given. The ability to feel emotions and empathize with our brothers and sisters has diminished, and it is my opinion that it will get worse. These are the times we should all stand together as God’s children, rather than turning on one another...
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...ENGLISH ESSAY EXAMINATION 1972 Maximum marks: 100 C SS .C O M .P Write an essay in English on One of the following: 1. Relevance of Islam to Science. 2. The sanctity of law. 3. Competitive results of planned economy? 4. The sick soul. 5. The strategy of political warfare. 6. “If’ in History. 7. Psychology and its social meaning. 8. Reverence for life. 9. International morality. 10. The divided self and the process of its unification. 11. Statesmen and Diplomatists. 12. The foundations of the feature. K Time allowed: 3 hours ENGLISH ESSAY EXAMINATION 1973 Time allowed: 3 hours Maximum marks: 100 1. (a) Make an outline for writing an Essay in English on One of the following subjects: (b) Write the Essay on the subject you have selected more or less on the basis of the Outline you have drawn. Develop your ideas logically, at the same time marshalling your facts and data in such a manner is the writing you produce is not only convincing but also comprehensive: C SS .C O M .P K i. The Problems of Social. Economic and Political Development in the Third World: ii. Sino-Soviet Differences;...
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...Topic 1 Introduction to Communication 1.1 WHAT IS COMMUNICATION? Communication is a learned skill. Communication is defined as the giving, receiving or exchanging of information, opinions or ideas so that the message is completely understood by everybody involved. The sender sends a message out with a certain intention in mind. The receiver of the message tries to understand and interpret the message sent. He then gives feedback to the original sender who, in turn, interprets the feedback. This process, repeated continuously, constitutes communication. ➢ Elements in Communication There are several major elements in the communication process - a sender, message, channel, receiver, feedback, context. There is both a speaker’s intention to convey a message and a listener’s reception of what has been said. If you want to get your message across accurately, you need to consider three things: - The message; - The audience or receiver; and - How the message is likely to be received. ➢ Factors Affecting Communication Barriers to effective communication:- (a) Status/Role (b) Cultural Differences (c) Choice of Communication Channels (d) Length of Communication (e) Use of Language (f) Disabilities (g) Known or Unknown Receiver (h) Individual Perceptions/Attitudes/Personalities (i) Atmosphere/Noise/Distraction (j) Clarity of Message (k) Lack of Feedback 1.2 DEFINING WRITTEN COMMUNICATION - Oral communication involves conveying ideas, thoughts or information...
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