...NETWORK TOPOLOGIES | Mukesh RaoDepartment of Computer Sc. & Engg. School of Engineering and Technology Sharda University, Gr. Noida UP, INDIA Mysteriousrao@gmail.comApril 14, 2015 | Abstract In recent days for computing, distributed computer systems have become very important and popular issue. It delivers high end performance at a low cost. Computers are connected by means of a communication network in a distributed computing environment which is arranged in a geometrical shape called network topology. In the present paper a detailed study and analysis on network topologies is presented. Definitions of Physical and Logical Topologies are also provided. Introduction Network Topology is the study of the arrangement or mapping of the elements (links, nodes, etc.) of a network interconnection between the nodes. Topologies can be physical or logical. Physical Topology means the physical design of a network including the devices, location and cable installation. Logical Topology refers to the fact that how data actually transfers in a network as opposed to its design. Some of the most common network topologies are: Physical Topology Physical Network Topology emphasizes the hardware associated with the system including workstations, remote terminals, servers, and the associated wiring between assets. Physical topology defines how the systems are physically connected. It means the arrangement of devices on a computer network through the actual cables that...
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...LAN Topologies LAN Topologies Ashley Jones University of Phoenix Case Project 2-1 This Case Project explains a network comprised of 50 computers that are connected to 10 Mbps hubs. It goes on to explain the collisions that are occurring when multiple stations send data simultaneously. This description indicates the network is using a logical bus topology because of the 10 Mbps hubs it utilizes. In addition, they are experiencing collisions; in a logical bus topology, data transmitted on the network is viewable by other nodes. The physical topology of this network seems to be an extended star. Since a multiport repeater/hub can have up to 24 ports, they can lay this network out in many different ways. If there is enough office space, they could set up 5 different offices of 10 stations. Each set of 10 would be connected to one 10 Mbps hub and form a physical star. Each of these hubs can be connected to a central hub that is used to extend the network. Case Project 2-2 This Case Project advises of a network that has 200 workstations and four servers connected by multiple switches. The network incorporates a physical star topology because all of its devices come together at a central location. More specifically, this exended star topology allows about 20 workstations to connect to one switch. This setup is repeated multiple times, all with 20 workstations connected. Another switch sits in the “center” of this setup and attaches to one of the switch ports...
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...ICT PROJECT ON TOPOLOGIES. STAR TOPOLOGY. In the star network topology, there is a central computer or server to which all the workstations are directly connected. Every workstation is indirectly connected to every other through the central computer. Star networks are one of the most common computer network topologies. ADVANTAGES :- * Better performance: star topology prevents the passing of data packets through an excessive number of nodes. At most, 3 devices and 2 links are involved in any communication between any two devices. * Easy to detect faults and to remove parts. * Installation and configuration is easy since every one device only requires a link and one input/output port to connect it to any other device(s). DISADVANTAGES :- * High dependence of the system on the functioning of the central hub. Failure of the central hub renders the network inoperable. * It can be expensive to purchase. * Star topology requires a large amount of cable to be connected. RING TOPOLOGY. In the ring network topology, the workstations are connected in a closed loop configuration. Adjacent pairs of workstations are directly connected. Other pairs of workstations are indirectly connected, the data passing through one or more intermediate nodes. Data travel from node to node, with each node along the way handling every packet. Because a ring topology provides only one pathway between any two nodes, ring networks may be disrupted by the failure of...
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...Aybar IT/240 LAN Topologies Scott Perales April 27, 2014 Case 2-1 I would recommend the use of a central server which will ease up the process of controlling the incoming and outgoing data transmission. The central server will help the network not get overloaded with the amount of data packets being received and sent. In relation with the Hubs, it will be beneficiary to update them to be able to hubs with the capacity of 1,000 Mbps. This will also help with the overall network performance. Case 2-2 In this case, I will replace the switches and install routers instead. Routers have a better capability in joining together multiple LAN networks with WAN. Routers serves as a median destination for the network traffic. The routers with these workstations will be able to receive, analyzed the source and potential target, and where every packet will need to be sent to. Switches in this scenario, are not able to separate the broadcast domain like the router could; switches are only able to separate the collision in the domain. A network with only switches (hubs) must instead designate one computer as the gateway to the Internet, and that device must possess two network adapters for sharing, one for the home LAN and one for the Internet WAN. (Mitchell, 2014). Case 2-3 Logical/physical topology: A logical topology is the way devices...
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...Network Topologies Mesh topology, in a mesh network devices are connected with many redundant interconnections between network nodes. Every node has a connection to every other node in the network. There are two types of mesh topologies. Full mesh topology occurs when every node has the circuit connecting to every other node in the network. Full mesh is very expensive to implement but yields the greatest amount of redundancy, so in the event that one of those nodes fails; network traffic can be directed to any of the other nodes. Full match is usually reserved for backbone networks. Partial mesh topology is less expensive to implement and yields less redundancy than. With partial mash some nods are organized in a full mesh team but others are only connected to one or two in the network. Partial mashed apology is commonly found in peripheral networks connected to a full mesh backbone. Bus Topology; the bus apology is the simplest network topology. Also known as linear bus, and all this topology all computers are connected to a contiguous cable or a cable joined together to make it contiguous. Ethernet is the common example of a bus topology. Each computer determines when the network is not busy and transmits data as needed. Computers in a bus apology listen only for transmission from other computers; they do not repeat or forward the transmission on the other computers. The signal in a bus topology travels to both ends of the cable. To keep the signal from bouncing back and forth...
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...Institute Network Topology Tom McKellips NT 1310 Aaron Bright October 10, 2013 Network Topology The following paper is going to discuss the three different types of network topologies, hierarchical star, bus, and ring. Each one of these topologies has different uses in the way we set up networks. For each type of topology there are going to be strong points as well as some weak points. The first one to be discussed is going to be hierarchical star. A hierarchical star is a network that has a central point such as an equipment room where all computers, routers, printers, and other devices are connected to. This type of network is mainly used to install a network throughout a large building or school. A star network is the easiest to install and the most universal, but if something happens to the central point than the whole network goes down. The next paragraph will discuss the bus type of network topology. A bus is a network that all devices are connected to a contiguous cable known as a backbone. A bus is used to link multiple star networks together, for example, a building with more than one floor each equipment room is connected by a single backbone to link the networks together. The bus has to have a terminator (usually a resistor) on both ends to keep the signal from bouncing back and forth. If the contiguous cable gets damaged than the whole bus network goes down. The last type of network topology to discuss is the ring. A ring topology requires that all...
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...workstations and four servers on a single LAN are connected by a number of switches. You’re seeing an excessive number of broadcast packets throughout the LAN and want to decrease the effect this broadcast traffic has on your network. What steps must you take to achieve this goal? Ideally it’s preferable to probably split it up into one or more workstation subnets (based on say, departments) and then another subnet (or more for a larger enterprise) for the servers. Traffic between the subnets will be routed. This means the broadcasts from workstations won't hamper the servers and vice versa. Case Project 2-3 In Chapter 3, you learn about network topologies and technologies. As preparation, do Internet research on the following topics: ● Physical versus logical topology ● Bus topology ● Star topology ● Ring topology ● Ethernet and CSMA/CD Write a short explanation (two to three sentences) of each concept and be prepared to discuss it with the class. Physical...
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...There has always been the use of chaining together different machines but there has always been the question of how they are used. For a network they are used by using a line or topology to connect all depending on where you are working there are a number of different kinds of topology such as bus, star and mesh but there are 3 that are more commonly used such as a hierarchical star, bus and ring network topology. The hierarchical star is like a regular star topology except that there are multiple server box’s and also uses switches to help maintain the string of the multiple connections. Whenever there is a failure in the cables unlike the regular stars that would hierarchical stars would not show complete failure in the connection. If the one connection severed only the host CPU will be affected and because some use switches the problem can be fixed quickly and easily. Unlike the star if another topology the bus topology is used the most by small business. Most schools and even in homes at times. The bus is exactly as it sounds it is just one connection connected to multiple CPU’s, Printer’s, DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) and other devices. The main difference between stars and busses there is only one connection between all of the machines that are able to be connected to the line. If the connection was disrupted the communication between devices will be lost, and the only way to get it back is to find another connection wire. The bus will need a termination...
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...LAN Topologies Lord Bones IT240 Jan 01, University of Phoenix - AXIA College LAN Topologies With this assignment I will discuss some topologies of a LAN as requested by questions 11, 12, and 13, chapter three from the textbook Local Area Networks. A “LAN (Local Area Network) topology is the appearance or layout of a network” (Regan, 2006). There are two forms of topologies of a network, namely, the physical- and logical topology with each its own types of topologies. The physical topology is what someone can see with his or her own eyes, i.e. a workstation, servers, cables, etc. while the logical topology is the dataflow of the network, how the data is moving from one point to another (Regan, 2006). In the following I will describe two physical topology types and one logical topology type, following the scenarios in the question’s mentioned above. In the first scenario there are four servers in the network with no hub present. The first (A) server is connected to the second (B), third (C), and the fourth (D). The second is connected to the third and fourth, while the third is connected to the fourth. (See figure 1.) This type of physical topology is called a Mesh Topology. A Mesh Topology is a topology where “every computer is linked to every other computer” (Regan, 2006). With this type of topology there is no hub or a similar device present. Also this type is difficult to install and certainly when it has to be reconfigured when a new computer is added to the network...
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...Network Topologies. Hierarchical Star. the star network is one of the most popular network topology. In this network, all the nodes are connected individually to one common hub. In other words, it is a network topology wherein transmission stations are connected to the central node in such a manner that the design resembles the shape of a star. Basically, the star topology design is quite similar to a bicycle wheel with spokes radiating from the center. Advantages and Disadvantages It is very easy to install and manage star network topology as it is the simplest of the lot when it comes to functionality. It is easy to troubleshoot this network type as all computers are dependent on the central hub which invariably means that any problem which leaves the network inoperable can be traced to the central hub. In star topology, the data packets don't have to make their way through various nodes which makes sure that the data transfer is fast. The foremost problem with star network topology is the fact that it is highly dependent on the functioning of central hub. The size of the network is dependent on how many connections can be made to the hub. This network type requires more cable as compared to linear bus topology which means the expenses incurred would be relatively high. The performance of the entire network is directly dependent on the performance of the hub. If the server is slow, it will cause the entire network to slow down. Bus Topology Bus Topology is the simplest...
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...LAN Topologies Jason Smith IT/240 September 7 2014 TAMMY FLEMONS LAN Topologies Case Project 2-1 You have been hired to upgrade a network of 50 computers currently connected to 10 Mbps hubs. This long-overdue upgrade is necessary because of poor network response time caused by a lot of collisions occurring during long file transfers between clients and servers. How do you recommend upgrading this network? What interconnecting devices will you use, and what benefit will you get from using these devices? Write a short memo describing the upgrade and, if possible, include a drawing of the new network. This system ought to have a central server that can control approaching and cordial transmissions. A central server would prevent the whole system from being hindered due to information parcels being sent and acquired. What's more, the center points ought to be moved up to handle 1000 Mbps. The following is a sample of what a littler variant would look like. I think I would use the physical star topology for this setup. Case Project 2-2 Two hundred workstations and four servers on a single LAN are connected by a number of switches. You’re seeing an excessive number of broadcast packets Throughout the LAN and want to decrease the effect this broadcast traffic has on your network. What steps must you take to achieve this goal? Utilizing an expanded star topology would diminish the impacts of the telecast...
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...MADONDO K.T R159819H HBBSP Information processing; Network Topologies Network topology is the arrangement of various elements (links, nodes etc). It is essentially the topological structure of a network and can be depicted physically or logically. Physical topology being the configuration of cables, computers and other peripherals whilst logical topology illustrates how data flows within a network regardless of its physical design. Types of network topologies include bus, star, mesh and ring topologies. Bus networks use a common backbone to connect all devices. A single cable, the backbone acts as a shared communication medium that devices tap into with an interface connector. A device wanting to communicate with another device on the network sends a broadcast message onto the wire that all devices see but only the intended recipient actually accepts and processes the message. The table below summarizes advantages and disadvantages of bus topology. Advantages Disadvantages It is cheap , easy to handle and implement Requires less cable It is best suited for small networks The cable length is limited It can only perform well for a limited number of nodes Network effectively becomes unusable if backbone cable fails In a ring network, every device has exactly two neighbors for communication purposes. All messages travel through a ring in the same direction either clockwise or counterclockwise. To implement a ring network we use Token Ring technology. A token...
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...TOPOLOGY: Local Area Networks (Hybrid Topology) A conceptual diagram of a local area network with the features of Bus topology combined with Ring topology. A design that utilizes a single length of cable, also known as the medium, with directly attached LAN stations. All stations share this cable segment. Every station on this segment sees transmissions from every other station on the cable segment; this is known as a broadcast medium. The LAN attachment stations are definite endpoints to the cable segment and are known as bus network termination points. This single cable segment lends itself to being a single point of failure. If the cable is broken, no LAN station will have connectivity or the ability to transmit and receive. For the Ring connection, all stations in a ring topology are considered repeaters and are enclosed in a loop. Ring topology has no end points. The repeater in this case is a function of the LAN-attached station’s network interface card (NIC). Because each NIC in a LAN-attached station is a repeater, each LAN station will repeat any signal that is on the network, regardless of whether it is destined for that particular station. If a LAN-attached station’s NIC fails to perform this repeater function, the entire network could come down. The NIC controller is capable of recognizing and handling the defective repeater and can pull itself off the ring, allowing the ring to stabilize and continue operating. SERVICES/FEATURES: AZIMUTH FREIGHTER specializes...
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...Network Topology Paper Unit 3 Assignment 1 ITT TECHNICAL INSTITUTE NT1310 Physical Networking Peter Mahlan 20168804 04/08/2016 Table of Contents Scope or Introduction 3 Unit 3. Assignment 1. Network Topology 3 Section 1 3 Conclusion 5 Reference 5 Network Topology Scope or Introduction Unit 3. Assignment 1. Network Topology Course Objectives and Learning Outcomes In this assignment, you will describe the hierarchical star, bus, and ring network topologies. Assignment Requirements Chapter3 covered 3 main network topologies – hierarchical star, bus, and ring. Write a paragraph describing each topology. Discuss the reasons for using each, and any strengths/weaknesses each has. Submission Requirements Submit a 1-2 page Word document; double-spaced; Times New Roman 12 pt font. Cite all sources used. Section 1 In computer networking, topology refers to the layout of connected devices. Think of a topology as a network’s virtual shape or structure. This shape does not necessarily correspond to the actual physical layout of the devices on the network. For example, the computers on a home network may be arranged in a circle in a family room, but it would highly unlikely to find a ring topology there. Hierarchical Star Hierarchical star is also known as an extended star topology. Hierarchical or extended star topology is a star network with an additional networking device connected to the main networking device. Typically, a network...
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...LAN Topologies IT240 10/14/12 1. Case Project 2-1 With a network of 50 computers I will use the Ring Topology to upgrade this network. With this type of topology all the devices are connecting in a loop form and the information travels in one direction, thus avoiding collisions. Here the cabling doesn’t terminate, it continually goes from one device to another till it gets back to the original device. It is also easier to manage the network since all the information is passed around the ring in the same direction. 2. Case project 2-2 With that many computer and four servers, I will use an Extended Star Topology. As pointed out in the case project that there are a few switches available here, I will use a central switch and connect the rest of the available switches to it and connect the 200 PC’s to those switches. Switches are good for determining each individual packet’s destination and ensuring that they are delivered to the right device. Note Even though they might have two different uses in some cases, the hubs in my diagram represent the switches. 3. Case project 2-3 * Physical versus logical topology: A physical topology defines how the devices on a particular network are physically connected; logical on the contrast tells us how the systems on the...
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