1. The six parts of the Toulmin model. 1) Claim, the main point or thesis for the argument. 2) Grounds: Evidence and reason for the argument. 3) Warrant: The motive and reasoning that associates the grounds with the claim. 4) Backing: gives support, evidence and data about the claim. 5) Rebuttal: Offers opposite opinions or opposing arguments to the claim. 6) Qualification: Clarifies the language of the argument and excludes words such as always and never. This gives the argument reasonable limits the audience can accept.

2. Synonyms for the claim include the proposition, the thesis, and conclusion. Synonyms for the warrant include assumption, cultural values and underlying logic. Synonyms for support include evidence, examples and explanations. More synonyms for these words are listed on page 121 of the book Perspectives on argument by Nancy V. Wood.

3. Subclaims are supporting arguments or specific issues that justify the main point of the argument. By themselves subclaims will not address the claim, they are merely supporting arguments.
Specific support is more than just an argument, it is evidence that gives the claim and subclaim merit to the audience.

4. Warrants are views, values or beliefs held by a group or individual. When the arguer has similar warrants as the audience, the argument is accepted more often since they share these warrants. When the audience has opposing views or values, the arguer will have to provide more backing to persuade the audience. Backing includes supporting arguments and evidence.

5. Qualifiers are words that express probability rather than absolutes. Words such as sometimes, somewhat, almost and kind of are qualifiers.

6. Logical warrants us the if/then approach, such as if you just in the a lake, you will get wet. Whereas contextual warrants use assumptions and common beliefs that relate to the claim.