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Tour of the Brain

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A Tour of the Brain
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Rasmussen College

Author Note This paper is being submitted on XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX General Psychology.

A Tour of the Brain
The brain is the control center of the human body. It is protected by the skull and is made up of three main parts, the cerebrum, the cerebellum and the Brainstem. The brain is the boss of the body, it runs the show and controls just about everything one does, even when one’s asleep. (Kidshealth, n.d.) During this brief tour guide of the brain, one will see how the brain fits into the Central Nervous System, how the main parts work together, and what would happen if one of those main parts were damaged.
In humans, the nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS), which consist of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which contains all the nerves that run everywhere in the body. The brain and the spinal cord serve as the main processing center for the entire nervous system, and control all the workings of the human body. They work together to let messages flow back and forth between the brain and the body.
The biggest part of the brain is cerebrum. The cerebrum is the thinking part of the brain and it controls the voluntary muscles, the ones that move when you want them to. When one is thinking hard, trying to solve a math problem or trying to figure out a video game, one is using the cerebrum. (Kidshealth, n.d.) The cerebrum is made up two sides, the left and right hemispheres. The right half of the cerebrum controls the left side of the body and the left side controls the right side. These two are connected by long neuron branches called the Corpus Callosum. Each hemisphere has four lobes; The frontal lobe is associated with reasoning, planning, movement, emotions and problem solving. The parietal lobe is associated with tactile sensory information such as pressure, touch, and pain. The temporal lobe is associated with the auditory stimuli, memory, and speech. The occipital lobe is associated with visual processing. The cerebrum has many different functions; it’s involved in shaping our personality, feelings, and perception and handling motor functions and sensory interpretation. (Terfera, n.d.)
The cerebellum, or “little brain,” is in the back of the brain, below the cerebrum. It’s a lot smaller than the cerebrum but has an important job; it controls balance, movement, and coordination. Because of the cerebellum, one can stand upright, keep a balance, and move around. (Terfera, n.d.) Think about a surfer riding the waves on his board, he mostly needs the cerebellum to stay balanced.
Directly below the cerebrum and behind the cerebellum, lies the brainstem. Although it’s a small part of the brain, it has a very mighty job; it connects the rest of the brain to the spinal cord. The brain stem is in charge of all the functions the body needs to stay alive, like breathing, digesting food, and circulating blood, etc. Part of the brain stem’s job is to control involuntary muscles, the ones that work automatically. There are involuntary muscles in the heart, and it’s the brain stem that tells your heart to pump more blood when running. The brain stem also sorts through the millions of messages that the brain and the rest of the body sends back and forth. (Kidshealth, n.d.)
The brain has many parts working together to keep one alive and fully functioning but if one of the main part was damaged, it could have serious implications. For example: When a person is pronounced “brain dead,” it means that the brain stem is still functioning, enabling basic functions to continue, but the cerebrum is no longer intact. When all the parts are functioning normally, one has the ability to dance, cry, and solve problems. On the other hand, if one of those parts were damaged, it could prevent speech, sight, and even comprehension.

References
Terfera, D., & Jegtvig, S. (n.d.). The anatomy of the human brain. Retrieved April 26, 2013, from http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/the-anatomy-of-the-human-brain.html
Your brain and nervous system. (2013, January). Retrieved April 26, 2013, from http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/brain.html

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