...Tourette syndrome is the overarching component that ties all of this information together; it helps to understand the biological forces that are behind this neurological disorder. The damage or abnormality of the basal ganglia is believed to be the cause of Tourette syndrome. Another important component to understand is the basic definition of Tourette syndrome, which is the surge of involuntary movements and vocal outbursts. Tourette syndrome’s cause is unknown; it is believed due to current research that abnormalities in certain areas of he brain, which includes: the basal ganglia, frontal lobes, and cortex. Also, the connecting circuits of these regions, and the neurotransmitters, which include: dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. These neurotransmitters are responsible for communication among nerve...
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...Bad parenting causes tics; myth. The only treatment for Tourette syndrome is medication; myth. Teaching kids to suppress one tic will trigger more or different tics; myth. Everyone with Tourette syndrome blurts out obscenities; myth. There is a common misconception that one who has been diagnosed with Tourette syndrome is prone to uncontrollable vulgarities and swear words; this is the most commonly known, and unfortunately, highly mocked tic. What is it, really? How common is it? What can be debunked? Tics in Tourette syndrome: There is a fine line between a tic and a habit. Though habits are, like tics, usually unconscious, they present themselves in some kind of pattern. You might have a particular way of making your bed, or doing your morning routine, but the thing that separates it from a tic is that you only do it when the time comes for it to be done. For example, your habit of taking a shower in the morning only presents itself when you wake up; the urge will not present itself throughout the day. A tic, however, presents itself randomly, and unwillingly. On top of this, it is generally not so organized; it may seem...
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...A Surgeon’s Life Tourette syndrome and its symptoms can be seen in every culture, every race, and every society. This syndrome consists of too many convulsive tics, involuntary gesture, which is uncontrollable. We cannot say this is kind of a chemical or psychological disease or even the result of imbalance in neurotransmitter. We need to see all three perspectives in this syndrome. Tourette syndrome is a neurological disorder, which becomes stronger in early childhood or adolescence. This syndrome happens almost one person in a thousand; the first symptoms usually are involuntary movements or tics of the arms, face, limbs or trunk. These tics are frequent, repetitive and rapid. There are too many mathematics, musicians, social workers, and...
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...truth about Tourette’s Syndrome? Jake Walter Herzing University Abstract Though out this paper, we will discuss the truth and myths behind Tourette’s syndrome and insure we have a good understanding of what the disorder really is. We will try to break the Hollywood stereotype of this disorder and who are really the worst hit from Tourette’s syndrome. We will also discuss what the patient’s symptoms will be and what they may go through and classified the types of symptoms known as tics into motor and vocal. Finally, we will discuss what treatment options they may have and what hope someone may have who is suffering from this disorder; furthermore, what organizations are out there to help with the disease. I hope this gives you some more details on Tourette’s syndrome and what a person or their family may go through when suffering from this disorder. I know that researching it and find out all the information I could really open my eyes to what people go through and how challenging life can be. What is Tourette’s syndrome? Tourette's syndrome has the misnomer of being a disease where you use profanity and yell inappropriate words in a public environment. However, it can be much more serious and challenging to deal with that is only a symptom of the disease. The disorder was first documented in 1885 by a French Doctor named Georges Gilles de la Tourette; he would be considering a Neurologist in today standards. The Doctor Georges Gilles de la Tourette Name the disorder "maladie...
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...Psychological Disorders May 8, 2011 Heather O’Connell Axia College of university of Phoenix People every day suffer from a variety of psychological disorders; there are a wide range of disorders along with drugs that can help to lessen the effects of the disorders. This paper will discuss Schizophrenia, Depression, Mania, Anxiety disorder, and Tourette syndrome. Let us begin with Schizophrenia; this disorder is where a person’s psychic functions are spilt. It is hard for someone to diagnosis this disorder because many of the symptoms are the same as other disorders and neurological disorders. There are several symptoms that can be associated with schizophrenia, but not only one symptom alone can be grounds for a diagnosis of this disorder. The symptoms include delusions, incoherent thought, odd behaviors, and inappropriate affect. There are several different medications that are used in the treatment of schizophrenia that all have their own advantages and disadvantages. There are two classifications of medications that are used to treat this disorder, antipsychotics and atypical. There is a theory that surrounds schizophrenia; it is called the dopamine theory. This theory states that schizophrenia is cause by a person having too much dopamine. The way that the drugs work is they decrease the amount of dopamine that is produced in the brain. Depression is a disorder that is characterized by person’s feelings of impending sadness, guilt, worthlessness, and the...
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...| Disorders, Diseases, & Drugs | | | Amber Kluever | 3/9/2014 | In this paper you will learn about psychological disorders and diseases, the drugs used to treat those disorders and the negative side effects of those drugs being used for treatment. | Schizophrenia is a disease most commonly associated with madness, also called “the splitting of psychic functions.” They called it that because they assumed that was the primary symptom of the disorder, meaning that the emotions, thoughts, and actions were being broke down. Schizophrenia attacks about 1 % of individuals of all races and culture groups. It usually starts when a person is an adolescence or early adulthood. The hardest part of treating schizophrenia is being able to define it and the symptoms. They symptoms overflow and are the same as some other disorders so you might think it is one disorder and find out that it is actually schizophrenia. Some positive symptoms, meaning there are symptoms that represent an excess or distortion of normal function include, delusions: delusions of being controlled, delusions of persecution, or delusions of grandeur. Hallucinations are imaginary voices telling them to do something. Failure to react with the appropriate emotion to positive or negative events is a sign of inappropriate affect. Odd behavior is when a person has a hard time performing daily tasks such as, personal hygiene, catatonia, and talking in rhymes. Some of the negative effects include, alogia...
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...Emotional Disturbance Excerpt from The Inclusive Classroom: Strategies for Effective Instruction, by M.A. Mastropieri, T.E. Scruggs, 2007 edition, p. 64-69. © ______ 2007, Merrill, an imprint of Pearson Education Inc. Used by permission. All rights reserved. The reproduction, duplication, or distribution of this material by any means including but not limited to email and blogs is strictly prohibited without the explicit permission of the publisher. Prevalence and Definitions Individuals classified as having emotional disturbance (or behavioral disorders) represent 8.1% of all students ages 6–21 served under IDEA, or .72% of the school population (U.S. Department of Education, 2002a). However, prevalence studies have suggested that the actual percentage may be much higher. Boys outnumber girls in this category by about 3.5 to 1 (Oswald, Best, Coutinho, & Nagle, 2003). Emotional disturbance refers to a number of different, but related, social-emotional disabilities. Individuals classified as emotionally disturbed meet several criteria established under IDEA, including the following: * An inability to exhibit appropriate behavior under ordinary circumstances * An inability to maintain relationships with peers or teachers * An inappropriate affect such as depression or anxiety * An inappropriate manifestation of physical symptoms or fears in response to school or personal difficulties These characteristics must be manifested over an extended...
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...In 1944, Hans Asperger, an Austrian medical professor, paediatrician and child psychologist, published the first official definition of what is now named after his namesake, Asperger’s Syndrome. Similar descriptions fitting those of the disorder existed well before Asperger’s, such as the “Schizoid Personality of Childhood,” which was termed in 1926 by Eva Sucharewa, a Russian neurological assistant. Regardless of its name, the disorder encompasses a part of the autism spectrum, which affects such key aspects of an individual’s life, such as their social interactions, thought processes and minor physical movements. Asperger’s research, despite being conducted and documented during a time of great medical discoveries, did not become widely known...
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...Pilot Study: Irlen Syndrome and Irlen Treatment in the Prison Population HM Young Offender Institution Huntercombe Place Oxfordshire Introduction The Prison Service spends considerable resources on incarcerating inmates and on trying to prevent them from re-offending. There is considerable evidence to show that the percentage of inmates experience learning and/or behavioural problems is significantly above that of the general population. In addition, there is evidence that the percentage of inmates suffering from the perceptual distortions, physical symptoms, and behavioural difficulties associated with Irlen Syndrome is also significantly higher that that of the general population. This is not surprising since research shows that, although the incidence of I.S. is about 12% in the general population, the incidence of I.S. for those with learning difficulties, dyslexia, Autism, ADD, and ADHD is about 47%. If I.S. is not identified and treated, educational progress is limited and areas such as behaviour and self-esteem are affected. The links between educational failure, lack of self-esteem, and behavioural problems and with crime and incarceration have been accepted for some time. Over the past fifteen years, the link between Irlen Syndrome and these factors has been established. If Irlen Syndrome were to be appropriately treated, inmates could start to make progress in these areas. If Irlen Syndrome is left untreated, a barrier to learning and taking...
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...PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS, DISEASES, AND DRUGS Assignment: Psychiatric Disorders, Diseases, and Drugs Mental illness has a detrimental effect on psychosocial functioning of individuals, but Schizophrenia is among the worst. There are many other forms of psychiatric disorders these include, depression, mania, anxiety disorders, and Tourette syndrome. Psychiatrists or clinical psychologists typically treat such disorders (Pinel, 2007, p. 481). Each disorder is unique, and symptoms vary from one individual to the next. In fact, as psychiatrists and psychologists continue to discover new facts about these disorders as they encounter different cases. This paper will discuss the serious mental illness of Schizophrenia; the symptoms, treatment, and medications. The symptoms of Schizophrenia are bizarre and frightening. Persons who suffer from Schizophrenia face a loss of reality, strange behavior, social withdrawal, hallucinations and delusions (Pinel, 2007, p. 482). MSN Encarta (2009) points out that, "A person with Schizophrenia may have difficulty telling the difference between real and unreal experiences, logical and illogical thoughts, or appropriate and inappropriate behavior." These symptoms are sometimes genetically based, which will leave the person with a possible ten per cent chance of developing the disorder is a close relative was afflicted with schizophrenia. Additionally, jumbled thinking is another symptom of Schizophrenia. The person is described as speaking in...
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...In other words, it is hereditary which other researchers have also the same idea. Other research has also suggested that the “constant movement or sound production is related to brain chemical (neurotransmitter) abnormalities (dopamine).” Although tics may not stay forever with the child, it may affect him tremendously. While still suffering, the child obviously faces peer pressure, bullying and teasing. These painful experiences may deter his social interaction and put him under distress which heightens the tics. Considerably, the child’s learning aptitude is also affected. But this situation did not left us helpless. The Early Childhood Education providers, particularly the teachers have much to do to relieve, improve and even stop the child’s tic disorder. Collaboration between education provider and parents is a must here. When...
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...Obsessive Compulsive Disorder OCD (obsessive compulsive disorder) is a common disease that affects several individuals. The questions that need to be answered about this topic include the following: What are symptoms of OCD? How is OCD treated? What are some of the medications used to help OCD? How does OCD affect others? Most individuals don't know they show signs of this disease, but with research they may gain knowledge and get help. Browning 2 Research: 1. What is OCD? OCD is short for obsessive- compulsive disorder. This disorder is considered as a type of anxiety and is looked at as a unique condition. It is a strong illness that sucks people in ongoing cycles of repeating actions and thoughts. People who struggle with OCD...
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...Internship with the Developmentally Disabled Zachary Lumpkin Liberty University Abstract The object of this paper is to give the reader an idea of what it is like to work for an agency that houses, educates and reintegrates developmentally disabled and mentally retarded adults. The research and development of the paper was done over the course of a fourteen-week internship by a student seeking a Bachelor of Science in Psychology. It will delve in depth into the behaviors that the intern observed during his internship. It will connect those behaviors to theory. It will explain and educate as to the benefits of doing such work under the supervision and tutelage of trained experts. It will also recommend to anyone interested in getting into the field ways to be successful and get the most out of the time they spend and lastly it will chronicle the personal growth that the author experienced during his internship. As stated in the abstract, the internship chronicled in this paper was done over a 14-week period at an agency that houses and educates developmentally disabled and mentally retarded adults with psychological disorders. Though most of the information in this paper was gathered over the 14-week period previously mentioned, the author has been employed with the agency for close to three years and has gathered even more information during this three-year tenure with the agency. The agency has in the neighborhood of sixty-five clients and has been open for over forty...
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...Over-prescribing of ADHD Medication to Children Lesley M. Thomas University of Houston- Clear Lake What is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder? According to the National Library of Medicine, Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder is defined as, “a problem of not being able to focus, being overactive, not being able to control behavior, or a combination of these.” (www.nlm.nih.gov) For a diagnosis of this disorder, generally referred to simply as ADHD, these issues must be out of the normal range for a person’s age and development. Although the majority of diagnoses are given to children and adolescents, there are also a vast number of ADHD cases diagnosed for adults. The purpose of my research paper is to offer background on this disorder, discuss the psychopharmacology of its treatment options, and to discuss whether ADHD medication is over-prescribed to children. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) states that Attention Deficit Hyperactivity has three different subtypes. Those subtypes are Predominantly Inattentive, Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive, and a combination of the two. In order for the Predominantly Inattentive subtype to be used, at least six or more symptoms of inattention must be both present and persistent for at least six months. However, there must be fewer than six symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity. For usage of the Hyperactivity-Impulsivity subtype to be used, there must be a persistent presence of at least six...
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...disorders embraces a combination of pharmacological and psychological interventions. Psychoeducational methods are employed in clinical procedures for all mental health disorders and are critical to integrated health care (Bedell, Hunter & Corrigan, 2009). Creamer and O'Donnell (2008) refer to psychoeducation as education, which is specially targeted to psychological health and aims to produce changes in an individual’s knowledge, attitudes, and skills to improve health outcomes. This study is aimed at discussing what psychoeducation is, its role in clinical settings, its efficacy and how nurses figure in employing techniques attributed to psychoeducation. The study draws from evidence-based literature, including meta-analyses and research papers in the field. It is common practice to inform patients with any chronic disorder to be informed about their illness, prognosis and treatment. For instance, patients with diabetes will be educated on their treatment and how they can help manage the situation and not aggravate their condition. This concept is psychoeducation and is similarly rendered to patients dealing with mental health problems, albeit in different modes or techniques. Any type of intervention that educates patients and their families with the hope of improving their long-term outcome is classified as psychoeducation and is...
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