...were obligated by law to register by a Buddha temple failure of compliance would lead to execution. One intriguing question that arises from this kind of reaction against Christian culture forms the basis for this paper. Several studies have been carried out to explain the cause of this feud with different theoretical approaches. Before the Shōgun period, under the rule of Toyotomi Hideyoshi that ended in 1598, the Portuguese missionaries who had settled around the ancient Yamaguchi prefecture had converted nearly five daimyô’s to Christianity, a move that caused a threat to the culture and beliefs of the ancient Japanese (Hangemann 27). However, with the beginning of the new Tokugawa rule, Christian missionary was terminated for the remaining period of the Shogonates. Besides, during the next period of the Shogunates, no Japanese was allowed to leave the country and if they did, they faced death penalties upon return. This research tends to inquire into the source of the conflict between Christianity and the religion of Japan. Therefore, as per the ethics of scholarly studies, it is prudent to understand the history of the Japanese church to help with investigation, comparison, analysis and evaluation of the circumstances that lead to conflicts. Thus, in this paper, it is hypothesized that the growing success of Christian ideology in the warring state posed the threat of cultural realignment and significantly contributed to their persecution during the Shogunate’s period. The...
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...Okinawa: A Legacy of Resilience and Discipline By Outline Thesis: This paper will examine two distinctive traits; resilience and discipline; and how it forged the culture of the Okinawa people. I. History A. The Ryukyu Kingdom occupied a distinct position to the south of Japan. B. Sho Shoken was indeed an important figure to solidify the culture or Okinawa. II. Battle of Okinawa A. The Battle of Okinawa begins on April of 1945 testing the strength of the Okinawan people B. After the war, Okinawa begins to integrate with the U.S. Military forces. III. Beliefs A. The religion of the Okinawa people consists of early Chinese and Japanese influences. B. In ancestor worship, the core of this religious practice is the ancestral shrine. IV. Culture A. Customs 1. Okinawa’s customs have survived throughout the ages; including distinctive modernization. B. Courtesy is one of the most prominent traits instilled within Okinawan culture. B. Centenarians 1. Okinawa is home to the most documented centenarians in the world. Conclusion: In closing, the Okinawa people have endured many hardships that would have crumbled their society as a whole. From the times of the Ryukyu Kingdom until the present time, Okinawa’s rich history consisted of facing adversity when uncertainty presented itself. Okinawa’s resilience to such adversity is a testament to their beliefs and customs they...
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...JAPANESE CANDLESTICK CHARTING TECHNIQUES ~-Y?~L&B~E!% L ?ABWt "Candles Exhaust Themselves to Give Light to Men" JAPANESE CANDLESTICK CHARTING TECHNIQUES A Contemporary Guide to the Ancient Investment Techniques of the Far East STEVE NISON NEW YORK INSTITUTE OF FINANCE NewYork London Toronto Sydney Tokyo Singapore Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Nison, Steve. Japanese candlestick charting techniques : a contemporary guide to the ancient investment technique of the Far East I Steve Nison. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-13-931650-7 1. Stocks-Charts, diagrams, etc. 2. Investment analysis. I. Title. HG4638.N57 1991 90-22736 332.63'22-dc20 CIP This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional service. If legal advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought. From a Declaration of Principles Jointly Adopted by a Committee of the American Bar Association and a Committee of Publishers and Associations 01991 by Steve Nison All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the publisher. New York Institute of Finance Simon & Schuster Printed in the United States of America 1 0 9 8 7 Acknowledgements ...
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...division of Pearson New Zealand Ltd) Penguin Books (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, 24 Sturdee Avenue, Rosebank, Johannesburg 2196, South Africa Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices: 80 Strand, London WC2R ORL, England First published in 2005 by Viking Penguin, a member of Penguin Group (USA) Inc. 13579 10 8642 Copyright © Jared Diamond, 2005 All rights reserved Maps by Jeffrey L. Ward LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING IN PUBLICATION DATA Diamond, Jared M. Collapse: how societies choose to fail or succeed/Jared Diamond. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-670-03337-5 1. Social history—Case studies. 2. Social change—Case studies. 3. Environmental policy— Case studies. I. Title. HN13. D5 2005 304.2'8—dc22 2004057152 This book is printed on acid-free paper. 8 Printed in the United States of America Set in Minion Designed by Francesca Belanger Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or...
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