Q.1:ANS:-
Quality assurance (QA) refers to the engineering activities implemented in a quality system so that requirements for a product or service will be fulfilled.[1] It is the systematic measurement, comparison with a standard, monitoring of processes and an associated feedback loop that confers error prevention.[2] This can be contrasted with quality control, which is focused on process outputs.
Two principles included in QA are: "Fit for purpose", the product should be suitable for the intended purpose; and "Right first time", mistakes should be eliminated. QA includes management of the quality of raw materials, assemblies, products and components, services related to production, and management, production and inspection processes.[citation needed]
Suitable quality is determined by product users, clients or customers, not by society in general. It is not related to cost and adjectives or descriptors such "high" and "poor" are not applicable. For example, a low priced product may be viewed as having high quality because it is disposable where another may be viewed as having poor quality because it is not disposable.
The quality of products is dependent upon that of the participating constituents,[6] some of which are sustainable and effectively controlled while others are not. The process(es) which are managed with QA pertain to Total Quality Management.
If the specification does not reflect the true quality requirements, the product's quality cannot be guaranteed. For instance, the parameters for a pressure vessel should cover not only the material and dimensions but operating, environmental, safety, reliability and maintainability requirements.
The company-wide quality approach places an emphasis on four aspects[citation needed] :- 1. Elements such as controls, job management, adequate processes, performance and integrity criteria and identification