...Review Question 1) When I encountered the word argument, I thought that, argument was the disagreement between two opposition where person is defending his or hers point of view. After reading the chapter. I think argument is selling an arguer point of view, or convincing the targeted audience about the topic or argument with the help of evidence. Argument is also finding the common ground to solve the issue. 2) Traditional argument: Argument, where arguer often argue with the available persuasion to convince or to agree his or her audience with them. Example: I) President Obama was talking about the gun control action, and tightening the gun laws. II) A sales person is convincing the customer that, the particular car has a high resale...
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...Arguments in Regards to Traditional Marriage Angela Richardson PHI 103 Informal Logic John Ludes April.27 2015 Arguments in Regards to Traditional Marriage There are a lot of arguments in regards to traditional marriage and allowing same-sex marriage. This essay will review an argument in regards to the stance on not changing traditional marriage and will also provide a counterargument argument on the stance of not changing traditional marriage. This essay will also evaluate and identify the different components of both arguments. There has been a lot of debate in regards to whether traditional marriage should stay in tack or if it should be alltraled. The first argument we will review is against any changes to traditional marriage and that it should remain between a man and a woman. This argument consists of the idea that marriage should stay between a man and a women in order to produces and raise children together and that if marriage is changed it will no longer benefit society as it was originally designed. The argument also states keeping traditional marriage intact does not conflict with everyone’s liberty. One of the biggest premises the argument hold is that “Marriage exists to bring a man and a woman together as husband and wife to be father and mother to any children their union produces” (para. 8). This premise is based on the fact that it requires a man and a woman to produce a child and the belief that every child does better when raised by a mother and father...
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...1). What background information do you need to know in order to read this image intelligibly? You do not need any background information to read this visual argument. This photo is self-explanatory. 2). What do you see? I see a man verbally abusing a lady. What are the key details or features here that stand out? The man’s face, fist punching the lady from his mouth, and the pain on the ladies face all stand out to support my theory. What images? The image is self-explanatory. What text? There was no text to support this visual argument. What supporting details? Every aspect of this photo supports my argument. 3). Identify the issue(s): Based on the picture it presents, what issue does this visual seem to be referencing? This visual seem to be referencing verbal abuse. This is a great picture to really explain how words can be painful. What debate is it part of? The visual debates the seriousness of verbal abuse and the effects. 4). Defining the Perspective: What side in this debate is this visual taking? The visual is taking the side of women, showing how men verbally abuse women. What perspective on this issue does this visual seem to take? This visual seem to support the seriousness of verbal abuse. It shows how people’s words can really be as painful as a punch in the face. 5). Defining the Argument: How do we know what side of this debate the visual is taking? This visual is taking the side of women. It is showing how men can verbally abuse a women with...
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...are the four goals of Rogerian argument, and how do they differ from those of traditional argument? The four goals of Rogerian is for writers to let readers know they understand, show the readers have a valid point to a certain extent, show that both parties have the same principles in significant ways, and to propose solutions from both parties that can be agreed on. The difference in Rogerian and traditional is that traditional stand on its belief and attempts to sway the audience whereas Rogerian stands at the view of the audience and try to reel in the audience. 2. What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of Rogerian argument? The advantages of Rogerian that it is a good way to grasp the attention of the audience to semi show them the opposition but the disadvantage is that you will have to pretty much take the opposition side to even get a grip of your own beliefs. 3. In what type of argumentation situation do you think you might find Rogerian argument more productive than traditional argument? Describe an issue, along with the rhetorical situation, which might prompt you to resort to Rogerian argument. Even though the topic may be very controversial Rogerian would be better in the argument of same sex marriage whereas using rhetorical situation could make it an audience feel very uncomfortable. 4. In what type of argumentation situation do you think you might find traditional argument more productive than Rogerian argument? Describe an issue, along with...
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...audience, purpose, and context can affect an argument. Notice it or not arguments take place in our everyday lives, as ridiculous as it may sound it is absolutely true. Some people believe that arguments can better be solved through verbal altercations and fist fights, however a successful argument is one that is calm collective and appropriate. An argument is affected by the audience, purpose, and context. There are two different types of arguments traditional argument and consensual argument. A traditional argument is having proof of what you are arguing so that you can target your audience members to agree with the side of the argument that you are on. Some examples of a traditional argument are public debate, courtroom argument, single-perspective argument and one-on-one everyday argument. A consensual argument is when the possibility of an argument is brought about by arguers who acknowledge different points of view and work to identify a combination of views that are acceptable to the majority of the audience members. Some examples of a consensual argument are dialectic, academic inquiry, negotiation and mediation, and internal argument. In order for an argument to be successful it needs to have an issue which is the problem or situation of which the argument is about. A successful argument must also have an arguer it can be one or more people who have different perspectives of whatever the subject may be. A successful argument must also include an audience, an audience...
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...be when students begin reading at two instead of four they are more advanced in school. 3) Traditional argument is a traditional argument where two people are trying to prove a point. One example of this is a public debate among. Another example is a single-perspective argument. Consensual argument is a argument is a kind of argument or bargain that aims at a commonly agreed position. It is a dialogue that negotiates for a consensus. In dialectic, one type of consensual argument, two or more people participate as equals in a dialogue to try to discover what seems to be the best position on an issue. Another example is academic inquiry. Its purpose is to discover, through reading, discussion, and writing, new views, new knowledge, and new truths about complex issues. 4) The elements for an argument to work best include: An issue; an arguer; an audience; common ground; a forum; audience outcomes. 5) The elements for an argument to fail include: No disagreement or reason to argue; risky or trivial issues; difficulty in establishing common ground; standoffs or fights that result in negative outcomes. 6) An example of an ethical argument might be a plan for an effective and economical way to rebuild an area that has been destroyed by hurricanes, floods, or fire. Another example of an ethical argument may be a debate about slavery. An example of unethical argument might be an invitation to acquire a new...
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...1) Before I started to read Chapter 1, I thought that the word argument had to do with a discussion two or more people; whether calm or severe to argue the difference in their opinions. After reading the chapter, I found that there are various types and forms of arguments. 2) Arguments are everywhere! If doesn’t matter whether there is a child/teenager arguing with their parents over being disciplined, to friendly conversation on two or more sports fans and their favorite team, and/or a returning military member/veteran coming from war and finding that there is no government support or jobs for them as they come home from war. 3) A Traditional argument is a person or persons that are making an argument with the means of persuading to convince an audience to change positions and agree with the arguer. An example of a (n) traditional argument is public debates (i.e.: presidential debates) or court hearing. A Consensual argument emphasizes an agreement. An example of a consensual argument are two team members that dialogue all their ideas to try and discover what will be their best position to on any issue or idea. 4) Conditions which are necessary for an argument to work best are: * An issue: An argument needs as its central focus an issue that has not yet been settled, or has become unsettled. * An arguer: Ideally every argument requires a person who is motivated to initiate the argument, to take a position on the issue, to obtain and consider information, and to...
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...Unit 1 Assignment 1 1. What did you think when you encountered the word argument as you began to read this chapter? What do you think now? A. When I first encountered the word “argument” in this chapter, I immediately thought of the shouting matches that I would so often engage in with my father. However, upon further reading, I have discovered that in reality, argument means any subject upon which there is the possibility of having more than one view or standpoint. 2. Provide three examples of your own to illustrate the statement “Argument is everywhere.” One of your examples should be a visual argument. A. Argument is everywhere. This statement is evidenced by the fact that people everywhere are arguing. Whether is be about Romney's inane babble, or the fact that Obama hasn't fixed the Universe yet, people continue to argue their side of any disagreement. Another good example is bow ties. Some people think that bow ties are not cool. These people would be wrong because bow ties are in fact, very cool. 3. Describe traditional and consensual argument. Give two examples of each. A. Traditional argument is based around winning. It is where two parties are engaged in an argument, not with the goal of convincing the other party that they are right, but instead trying to prove that the other party is wrong. An example of consensual argument is where a group considers all sides of an argument and then tries to reach consensus or agreement about which side pleases most...
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...and we eat too many grains, secondly, industrially produced meats effect on our morbidity and mortality and industrial agriculture damages the environment too. The author also argues that eliminating industrial production of animal products would help us stop consuming so much meat. He believes that traditional production would be better because of its lack of efficiency compared to industrial production and would help reduce consumption. He also believes that it’s not just about eating red meat, but about the general over consumption of junk food that causes health risks. He believes that studies on red meat exaggerate and are largely inaccurate. The author provides scientific studies that he analyzed to formulate his argument and then presents articles from other newspapers on the topic, and we think all the information is relevant to the subject and he uses it in a logical manner. The article defines the main ideas properly but it lacks background information on certain pertaining subjects. The information is well used and interpreted; however, we dismissed counter arguments in a very brisk, informal manner. He provides little, but good information against his article. His argument is well base on accurate, trust worthy sources and he presents his ideas in a logical manner....
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...Writing [pic] When we speak and/or write to our family and friends, we use an informal style. However when we give a presentation, write an essay, review, and dissertation, we have to use a more formal style. There are eight main categories to consider. 1. Informal Personal style used. For example: …we are not sure if…,/ …. we can argue that… Formal Impersonal style used. For example:….It is debatable whether…/ …there are several arguments in favour of… 2. Informal Use the active voice. For example: I conducted the research by….. Formal Use the passive Voice. For example: The Research was conducted by 3. Informal Contractions used. For example: Wouldn’t’ve, didn’t. Formal Contractions not normally used. For example: would not have, did not. 4. Informal Colloquialisms (slang words) and clichés can be used. For example: This is a naff argument or this argument should be taken with a pinch a salt. Formal Collquialisms and clichés are avoided. For example: This argument should be treated with some scepticism 5. Informal Main meaning is given by verbs. For example: We have to delay introducing the new system. Formal Main meaning given by nouns (nominalisation). For example: There has been a delay in the introduction of the new system 6. Informal We don’t necessarily have to be precise with our vocabulary. For example: This thing is no good. It’s never worked properly. Formal ...
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...on complaints of retaliation, the act set up the Merit System Protection Board. The Whistle-Blower Protection Act of 1989 reinforces this protection with the formation of the Office of Special Counsel for going through whistle-blower reports. In both private and public sectors, federal legislation protects whistle-blowers, and some states even give rewards for whistle-blowing. Regarding whistle-blower protection, there are arguments in favor of it as well as arguments against it. The main argument in its favor is that the society can benefit from the revealing of illegal activities, waste, and mismanagement; this can only occur if whistle-blowers can come forward without having to worry about any retaliatory actions. Another argument is that those who work for the government have a First Amendment right to freedom of speech and so should be protected from retaliation. Also, those who work in the private sector have a moral right that requires legal protection. The final argument is that employees have a right to act as their conscience dictates. An argument against whistle-blower protection is that the law that recognizes whistle-blowing can be abused. Unhappy employees may use whistle-blowing to a variety of things for their own gain. It also overrides the...
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...Steps for Reading Visual Argument 1. Some history about computers 2. A beat up car and a nice new car, a tired mechanic and a happy mechanic, and computer company logos 3. Who’s computer is better 4. That Apple makes a better computer than Microsoft 5. The Apple side is new, faster looking and the mechanic looks happy 6. It wants people to buy Apple computer Review Questions 1. What did you think of when you encountered the word argument as you began to read this chapter? What do you think now? I thought an argument was when more than one person had opposing views on the same issue. After reading this chapter I feel that the word argument is much broader than just a disagreement between two people. 2. Provide three examples of your own to illustrate the statement “Argument is everywhere.” One of your examples should be a visual argument. * Who makes the better video game console Microsoft, Sony, or a PC gaming rig. * T.V. commercials * nicoleashleyrd. (Artist). (2013, Feb 4). Visual Arguments [Web Drawing]. Retrieved from http://thefamilyofblood.wordpress.com/2013/02/04/visual-arguments/ 3. Describe traditional and consensual argument. Give two examples of each. A traditional argument is when you try to change the audience point of view and a consensual argument seems to be one where the two parties must come to an agreement. Traditional * A movie trailer * Consensual * A couple trying to decide what...
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...EN 1420 Unit 1 Assignment 1. When I first encountered the word argument I immediately thought of politics. Now, I think of a conversation between people of opposing views discussing their personal point of view. 2. Politics/ School classes/ competing companies via T.V. commercials 3. Traditional arguments can be described as someone who wants to convince their audience to side with them and accept their points of view. This is seen in presidential elections and public debates. Consensual argument is the emphasis of agreement. This type of argument is often seen in the classroom amongst peers. 4. Some of the conditions necessary for an argument to work best would be; an issue, an arguer, audience, common ground, a forum, and audience outcomes. 5. Conditions of a failing argument would be; no disagreement or reason to argue, risky r trivial issue, inability to establish common ground, and standoffs or fights resulting in negative outcomes. 6. Ethical Argument- Ways to rebuild the economy/ ways to better the path of our nation. Unethical Argument- New credit lines that incur debt/ Advertisements for plastic surgery. 7. The role of the audience has changed drastically in the world as we catapult into the digital age. So easily now people are able to reach new information (good and bad, true and false) by simply getting onto the internet and clicking around. 8. Four sources of arguable issues can be found in many places, but the most...
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...saying this book or novel is about love or showing someone it is about love. What debate is it part of? The part to debate is this novel or book. Is this book telling you facts on how to love or is it telling you how to love and will it work. Step 4: Defining the Perspective: What side in this debate is this visual taking? Is the book really about love or is it a love novel. What perspective on this issue does this visual seem to take? It is making Step 5: Defining the Argument: How do we know what side of this debate the visual is taking? What specific claims about this issue does the visual seem to be making? That this book will make you feel happy about been in love Step 6: Thinking in Terms of Audience: What sort of response does this visual seem to want from its viewers? They are tring to grab your attention with the lights and making a heart out of the pages What messages or lessons does it want to convey? Is it successful? 1. What did you think of when you encountered the word argument as you began to read this...
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...give an insight into the different aspects of the social, cultural and moral condition of a nation. The present article “Music-making Children of Africa” by John Miller Chernoff, refers to the Dagomba people of northern Ghana and their passion for music and dance as expressions of their cultural and social life and the set of ideas that compose their beliefs and behaviour. I will intend to summarize the main arguments of the author in this text and reflect his view on the study of this ethnic group. Chernoff argue that through music there is a transmission of knowledge and personal values to the children in the Dagomba group. Furthermore he indicates that there is a cooperation between the different age groups in the activities that makes possible to sustain a household, allowing them to have moments of leisure after work and for the children the opportunity to play but also to engage with the traditions of their culture. Chernoff’s concept that “wealth” is relative to the perspective of what is important in life for different people, lead up to his main argument of what culture can provide in this context and how culture can be regulated in order to motivate the respect to ancestry, tradition and hierarchy. According to Chernoff among the Dagombas there are rules and practices in their cultural tradition that instruct them about what is good or bad and the recognition of authority as represented in the dance called Nanto Nimdi. He also says that by the practice of the...
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