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Definition

A transportation system can be referred to as the logistics and the equipments used in moving passengers as well as goods from one place to another. It covers travelling by all types of transport, from buses to cars and to boats, space travel as well as aircrafts. Transportation methods are employed in groups movement planning and logistics, in addition to running local schools bus services (Gerdes, 2008).
Function of the Transportation System
The major use of a transportation system is to manage movement of individuals, vehicles as well as goods so as to make good use of routes competently. When put into practice, transportation systems try to ease transport costs as well as develop delivery times via route management and effective timetabling. Intermittent re-evaluations and the expansion of other routes allow for well-timed changes to the transportation system so as to maintain effectiveness (Gerdes, 2008).

Features An ordinary transportation system will mostly feature several timetables intended to inform the client of where each means of transportation in the fleet is anticipated to be at a given point in time. These schedules are developed along with a collection of route plans designed to organize vehicle movements in a manner that puts a stop to bottlenecks in a particular location (Gerdes, 2008).
Advantages of a transportation system The major benefit of employing a transportation system is delivery of personnel as well as goods to their intended destination in an appropriate way. This in turn improves the effectiveness of vehicle utilization, as the same car can be utilized for “multi-drop” work, for instance home delivery networks or bus services, far more successfully when their courses are designed in advance instead of being created at that particular time.

Size Transport systems are created in a broad variety of sizes. Home transport systems across the bus network for a town along with its suburbs are regular, as are nationwide delivery system for haulage companies. Airlines make use of intercontinental transportation systems to harmonize their flights. The longer the distance being taken, the more efficient the utilization of vehicles when a transportation system is employed

Relationship of Land Use and Transportation
Transportation is a vital element in day today’s activities. It contributes to different things on the land and most especially the economic bit of it. Land that is neighboring or serviced by excellent transport services in general has better value because of the utility it grants to several activities. In other cases, the opposite is said to be true when related to inhabited activities. Land situated near highways and airports, near pollution and noise sources, will therefore suffer from related withdrawing land value (Gerdes, 2008).
Economically, transportation like other economic activities that are thorough in the utilization of infrastructures, the transport division is a vital aspect of the economy that has an impact on growth as well as the wellbeing of people. A connection between the quality and quantity of transport infrastructure with the level of economic expansion is evident. When transportation systems are well-organized, they give social and economic openings as well as benefits, which result in constructive multipliers outcomes like improved accessibility to markets, job opportunities in addition to other investments. When transportation systems are lacking in terms of reliability or capacity, they are capable of having an economic impact for instance missed or reduced opportunities as well as lower value of life. A well-organized transportation system decreases overheads, while a disorganized transportation system increases expenditures (Gerdes, 2008). The effects of transportation are not at all times anticipated, and can include unintended or unforeseen impacts like congestion. Transport as well carries a vital environmental and social load that cannot be ignored. The additional values along with employment impacts of transport services generally extend past employment as well as added value created by that activity; indirect impacts are most important. For instance, transportation firms buy a fraction of their effort from local dealers. The manufacturing of these inputs creates additional value-added as well as job opportunities in the local market. The sellers in turn buy goods and services from other local companies. There are added rounds of local re-spending that produce additional value-added in addition to employment. In the same way, homes that get revenue from jobs created in transport activities use some of their earnings on local supplies as well as services. These acquisitions result in extra local employment and added value. A number of of the household earnings from these additional jobs is subsequently used up on local commodities and services, thus creating more jobs as well as income for local homes. Because of these consecutive rounds of re-spending in the structure of local acquisitions, the general effect on the economy surpasses the initial circle of output, earning as well as employment created by commuter and freight transport actions. Therefore transportation has either a direct, indirect or related impact on the economy on land (Martin, par).

Direct Impacts
These are also known as induced impacts where the result of convenience alters where transportation services creates employment, larger markets, added value as well as playing a big role in saving costs and time.

Indirect Impacts
The result of the economic multiplier has an impact on where the cost of goods, commodities or services fall and/or their selection goes up. Indirect value-added as well as employment opportunities are the outcome of local acquisition by firms directly reliant on transport activity. Transportation activities are dependable for a broad range of indirect value-added and employment outcomes, via the connections of transport with additional economic segments for instance office supply companies, equipment as well as parts suppliers, repair services, maintenance, consulting, insurance companies plus other trade services (Gerdes, 2008).

Related Impacts
The impact of economic activities plus companies partly depends on competent transportation services for both freight as well as passengers. A case in point; the steel industry needs cost effective import of iron ore plus coal used for blast furnaces along with export activities for the final products like steel booms and coils. Retail outlets, manufacturers and distribution centers that handle imported containerized goods rely on competent transport and seaport businesses.

Mobility is among the most essential and vital characteristics of economic activity as it satisfies the fundamental need of moving from one point to the other, a requirement shared by freight, information as well as passengers. Each and every economy and regions do not have the same height of mobility as many are in a different period in their mobility evolution towards power-driven types of transport. Economies that have greater mobility are frequently those with enhanced opportunities to expand than those with limited mobility. Reduced mobility obstructs growth while better mobility is a medium for growth. Mobility is therefore a dependable indicator of growth. Offering this mobility is a firm that provides services to its clients, gives people jobs and pays salaries, invests capital as well as generates earnings. The economic significance of the transportation trade can therefore be reviewed from either a macroeconomic or a microeconomic viewpoint.

Macroeconomic Level This is the significance of transportation for a whole economy that it confers is connected to a level of production, job opportunities as well as income in a national economy. In several developed nations, transportation accounts between six to twelve percent of the GDP.

Microeconomic Level This is the significance of transport services for particular elements of the economy. Transportation is related to producer, production expenditures and consumers. The value of particular transport activities as well as infrastructure can therefore be evaluated for each segment of the economy. Transportation accounts for about ten to fifteen percent of household costs while it accounts for about four percent of the expenditure of each unit of production in manufacturing, but this number differs greatly in accordance to sub sectors.
Transportation connects together all the factors of production in a compound web of interactions between consumers and producers. The effect is usually a more competent division of manufacturing by use of geographical relative advantages and the ways to develop economies of scale as well as scope. It is known that economic expansion is increasingly connected with transport expansion, that is infrastructures but also administrative know-how is vital for logistics. The following are the impacts that can be evaluated:

• Core impact. The most basic impacts of transport link to the physical capacity to put across passengers as well as goods and the related lower expenditures. This entails setting of courses enabling new or existing connections between economic units.
• Operational impact. Upgrading the time performance particularly in terms of consistency as well as reducing the losses or damages. This means a better consumption level of accessible transportation assets benefiting its users as freight and passengers are expressed faster and with fewer delays.
• Geographical impact. Access to a broader market base where economies of scale in manufacturing, consumption and distribution can be enhanced. Geographical impact increases in production from the access to a bigger and more varied base of inputs for instance parts, raw materials, labor or energy and broader markets for varied outputs that is intermediate plus finished products. Another vital geographical effect concerns the influence of transportation services on the position of activities.
Zanesville has an improved transportation system due to its demographics. Its transportation consists of all the major forms of transport and this started since the 1950. During this time, Zanesville was famous for its people of light-skinned blacks who could be admitted to places where only the whites had access to. This was because of a history of intermixing of different races majorly the blacks and the whites that was because the town acted as a stop on the Underground Railroad (Cox, par). There was also the Muskingum River Canal, which was a major transportation channel in Zanesville during the nineteenth century .Currently; the city is also served by Zanesville Municipal Airport (World Digital Library, par).
North-south state highways 60 and 93 (which were originally state highways 77 and 75, respectively, being renumbered when Interstates with the same numbers were built in Ohio) also pass through Zanesville. Other state routes include 666, 555, 719, and 146 (Bishop & Williams, par).
An Industrial Interview about the Local Transit System in Zanesville
Interviewer: What is the population of Zanesville, Ohio?
Interviewee: According to the last census that was done in the year 2010, there were twenty five thousand four hundred and eighty seven people, ten thousand eight hundred and sixty four households, and six thousand one hundred and seventy six families living in the city. The mass population was 2,165.4 people per square mile that is 836.1 /km2. There were twelve thousand three hundred and eighty five housing units at a mean density of 1,052.3 per square mile that is 406.3 /km2. The races that made up the city was 84.4% who were whites, 9.7% who were African American, 0.4% that was the native American, 0.4% of Asians, 0.4% from other races, in addition to 4.7% from two or more races. Latino or Hispanic of any race were 1.2% of the inhabitants.
Interviewer: Which is the major interstate highway in Zanesville, Ohio?
Interviewee: Interstate 70 (I-70), a major east-west interstate highway, passes through the city. Closely paralleling I-70 is US 40, which roughly follows the route of the original National Road. From the southwest, another US highway, US 22, approaches from Cincinnati. US 22 and US 40 run concurrently east of Zanesville to Cambridge in neighboring Guernsey County, where they split. From there, US 22 continue on a northeasterly course to Steubenville, Pittsburgh, and eventually to the New York City area. US 40 mainly remain close to I-70, and continue eastward to Wheeling, West Virginia, Baltimore, Maryland, and finally its eastern terminus, Atlantic City, New Jersey.
Interviewer: Which is the busiest road in Zanesville and apart from that are there other roads that are commonly used?
Interviewee: The most active road in Zanesville is Maple Avenue, a north-south thoroughfare approximately linking the downtown region to newer retail centers on the north border of the town. A number of other major roads include Maysville Avenue, which is a north-south route from the historic Putnam Avenue district through South Zanesville to Maysville. It is route 22 and 93. East Pike and West Pike is route 40 on both sides of Zanesville. East Pike is also route 22 and it goes from downtown to the village of New Concord. West Pike goes from Western Zanesville to the West Muskingum area. Other moderately busy roads include North 7th Street, Sharon Avenue, Wayne Avenue, 9th Street, Underwood Street, Putnam Avenue, Adair Avenue, Newark Road, Dresden Road, Northpointe Drive, Linden Avenue, State Street, Military Road, Pine Street, Pershing Road, Maple Avenue, and Marietta Street (Abott, par).
Other Features of Zanezville
Government
The city is governed by a Mayor and a council made of ten members elected from the government. Zanesville Police Department was created in the year 1865 with only 6 officers. Currently, the department has more than fifty five officers and forty more support staff. The City fire division became fully remunerated employees in the year 1879. Currently, the department has more than forty five members working 24 on and 48 hours off, recruiting 3 stations (Cox, par).
Education
High School Most students that live within Zanesville city confines attend Zanesville City Schools; on the other hand, students with Zanesville addresses but who live outside the city may go to West Muskingum High School, Tri-Valley High School, Philo High School or Maysville High School. There are two private high schools that is Bishop Rosecrans High School that is ran by the Roman Catholic and Zanesville Christian School.
College
The most popular college is Ohio University-Zanesville (OUZ) that is a branch campus of Ohio University. Zane State College, previously known as Muskingum Area Technical College, is neighboring to OUZ. Muskingum University is situated nearby New Concord (Cubit, pa).
Library
Zanesville is served by the Muskingum County Library System.
Local Transit Systems
The buses that are used locally are the South East Area Transit (Z-Bus) that will take anyone almost anywhere they want to be in the towns of Zanesville and Cambridge. Bus Service is accessible from Monday to Friday with well-organized timetables and pick-up spots nearly every thirty to sixty minutes. Best of all, with a normal fixed-route charge of only $1.00, there is no better way to stretch a person’s budget Gaylord, par).
South East Area Transit (SEAT) is a government unit that provides service to Cambridge, Zanesville as well as the surrounding vicinity. The transportation is a safe and economical method of travelling around town, and helping the surroundings. Using public means of transport saves money. One does not have to worry about the prices of gas, accidents or insurance, and they get to meet new people with each different day. SEAT offers services on their fixed routes that range from South Zanesville to Maple Avenue in Zanesville. The Cambridge routes go between Cambridge and Byesville. There is bus service after every hour in both Cambridge and Zanesville. Simply, a person has to check the schedule for the location and time nearest them where they can either remain at a designated stop or wait for the bus at any meeting point on the bus route, which is safe and on the same side of the road the bus is traveling (Gaylord, par).
SEAT, like all other transport businesses or agencies has an inadequate source of income. Therefore, their incomes and funding only let them operate on the days and times that have been established. As they continue to survey different funding alternatives, they will increase their service accordingly.
Compared to other transportation agents, an individual does not have to schedule rides in advance. In case one uses any of SEAT’s deviated set routes, they only need to be at the designated point at the right time. They also have complaint forms in the buses that are directed to the operations director and this assists in smooth running of the firm since all the complaints are taken seriously and the complainants receive written answers and in turn give quality services to their customers.
Recommendations
Transportation system in Zanesville can be improved by majorly developing intelligent transportation systems as well as managing traffic incidents effectively. The utilization of transit, highway, fare/toll and communications expertise develops the safety, dependability and effectiveness of the whole transportation system. Put together in the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) umbrella, these skills can assist meet jam relief, air quality, in addition to accessibility goals. Management of public safety agency efforts will make a unified, efficient system, which responds to disasters plus other traffic tie-ups faster on all main highways.
Intelligent Transportation Systems execution eases some jams and makes the current transportation system more elastic. At the same time as it increases governmental expenses of transportation, other resource consumption is made more competent. Its execution will assist in the maintenance of its "Clean Air" status as well as providing support for home economy. Event management is important in reducing regional obstruction levels that is directly attached to air quality, energy consumption, and the cost of accidents in addition to user costs. Therefore all these should be put into consideration so as to improve the transportation system which in turn also contributes to economic growth via creation of jobs and its resulting economic activities.

Works Cited
Abott, K. Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved on November 23, 2013.
Bishop, Greg, & Williams, T. Police Kill Dozens of Animals Freed on Ohio Reserve". The New York Times. Retrieved 2011-10-20. . (2011-10-19).
Cox, Sullivan, S. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress 1824-1889. Retrieved on November 23, 2013.
Cubit, Ohio Demographics. Retrieved from http://www.ohio-demographics.com/counties-cities-that-begin-with-A. 2013.
Gaylord, Madison, J. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress 1811-1874. Retrieved on November 23, 2012.
Gerdes, L. I. (2008). Transportation. Detroit: Greenhaven Press.
Martin, K. Basketball=Reference.com. Retrieved November 23, 2013.
World Digital Library. Study for Woolworth Building 1910-12-10. New York. Retrieved 2013-07-25.