...Pratt Truss Bridge Research Paper The Pratt Truss bridge was a very unique bridge. This particular truss bridge happens to have been an all wooden truss bridge when it was first built in 1844. This truss bridge has very unique features. This truss bridge is very popular and was yet the most important truss bridge because of it's amazing transformation. This bridge is up to hundreds of feet off the ground. The Pratt Truss Bridge was made was by Thomas and Caleb Pratt in 1844. It was a popular railway truss bridge because it had very long spans. It became popular for railway bridges because it was able to have long spans. The Pratt Truss Bridge Environmental factors have affected this specific tremendously. This Pratt truss bridge was all wooden until the Environmental area of this bridge weakened it. So, this bridge has to go from being all wooden to all copper to make. It's always windy and rains and that's what made the wood break down. Since the break down many workers improved it by changing it to all copper metal. The conditions were mainly natural disasters. The natural disasters included rainstorms and tornados. So therefore this bridge has been through a lot because of the change of all wood to all metal. The Pratt Pennsylvania Truss Bridge was made by Caleb and Thomas...
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...This year in middle school technology we learned how to build truss bridges. A truss bridge is a bridge in which the loads are supported by trusses. We learned what the strongest bridge shape would be. We also learned how tension and compression strength affected the amount of weight our bridge would hold. In order to build our truss bridges first we had to draw a blueprint of the top, bottom, and side view of the bridge. Next, we put a piece of wax paper over the paper. After that lied the balsa wood on the blueprint and used structure glue to put each side together. Once each side was put together we glued each of them together to form the truss bridge. Finally, we painted the truss bridge. Tension strength impacted the amount of weight...
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...|Spaghetti Bridge | Abstract For this assignment our task was to build as a group a spaghetti bridge with the objective of carrying the most weight as possible using only spaghetti and hot glue, meeting the specifications. The bridges will be loaded until they fall. After testing to destruction, the bridges loading capacity was 14.4kg, with an initial mas of 0.840kg. This gave a weight to strength ratio of 17.1 putting the group at 4th/8th position in class. From this it was learned the bridge held 14.4kg which is 140N therefore one Truss held 70N. These calculations helped us understand how our bridge coped with the forces and helped us answer the question of what caused our bridge to fail and where our bridge failed? Contents Abstract ii Introduction 1 Background 2 Analysis 3 Design 5 Methodology 5 Calculations 6 Newton’s laws: 6 Forces on the bridge 6 Stability: 6 Truss analysis 6 Structural stability of Final Bridge: 7 Testing: 7 Simulation: 7 Results: 8 Bridge failure analysis: 8 Spaghetti beams: 8 Conclusion 9 Limitations 10 Recommendations 11 List of References 12 Appendix 14 Spaghetti Bridge Activity Report 14 Group productivity and progress 18 Further Calculations 19 Introduction For this assignment the aim is to research and construct a spaghetti bridge in a group consisting of six members with the objective...
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...Truss Bridge Project Research Paper Our class has been assigned a project about the history and structure of Truss Bridges.In order for us to become more familiar and have a better understanding about truss bridges, we had do to some research.While there is a lot of logical engineering that goes into building a truss bridge,our teacher has instructed us to research 2 types of engineering behind the building of truss bridges and answer a few questions about our bridge.The two types we were told to look up and learn about were geotechnical engineering and materials engineering,both of which none of us had ever heard of.As for the geotechnical engineering,we we were to research the environmental and geological factors that should be considered...
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...Article Portfolio Abstract: This paper is aimed at highlighting the benefits of installing structural health monitoring systems on structures. Through a case study, I examined the various issues with todays outdated visual inspection techniques and showed how the installation of SHM systems on new bridges solves many of these issues. Bio: Thomaz Paschoal is a junior majoring in Civil Engineering at the University of Southern California. He was born in São Paulo, Brazil. Outside of class he is involved with Engineers Without Borders and the American Society of Civil Engineers. Structural Health Monitoring Systems Imagine for just a second that you live in Minneapolis, Minnesota; you work in one of the many shiny downtown skyscrapers. It’s Wednesday, 5:30 p.m., and you decide to go back home to the northern suburbs of the city. You are about to get on the I-35W Bridge over the Mississippi river, a bridge that you take at least twice a day. But this crossing is not like the hundreds of other previous crossings. On August 1, 2007, this bridge, a major commuter route, simply collapses into the river. 13 people die and 145 people are injured and, even more frightening, it could have been worse. The infrastructure in the United States is in need of a major upgrade. There are roads, bridges and tunnels all over the country that are badly in need of repairs. According to the Federal Highway Administration there are currently 69,223 bridges that are classified as “structurally...
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...1 HR discretion: understanding line managers’ role in Human Resource Management Juan López-Cotarelo, Industrial Relations Research Unit, Warwick Business School Introduction Line managers play a central role in human resource management. In many organisations, they are charged with myriad HR-related tasks, such as filling out performance appraisal forms, interviewing candidates for employment, making salary increase recommendations and breaking employment-related news –good and bad- to employees. This paper investigates how managers carry out their HR activities. In the literature so far, the prevailing view has been that managers act primarily on behalf of the organisation, applying HR policy in ways by-and-large consistent with organisational procedures. My findings from a number of store visits at a leading UK fashion retailer, give support to a different view: that managers carry out HR activities as organisational actors who pursue a combination of organisational, departmental and individual goals. Crucial in my discussion is the concept of HR discretion. I define HR discretion as a manager’s capacity to influence his (her) team members’ HR outcomes, and their perceptions of those HR outcomes. HR discretion must be understood as a subset of overall managerial discretion 1 . Managerial discretion has been an important concept in the economics and management literatures, from very different perspectives. In economics, managerial discretion refers to the freedom managers have...
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...Executive Summary This report traces the evolution of the HR function from its traditional role of personnel management into what is known today as Strategic Human Resources Management (SHRM) and the role that devolution has played in this evolutionary cycle. From the research, it was observed that the devolution of HR responsibilities to line managers has enabled the HR function to take on a more strategic role as a business partner of the organization. It is also observed that devolution has benefited both line managers and employees alike by reducing bureaucratic red-tape and providing a faster approach to decision making and problem solving. The limitation of this report is that the negative aspects of devolution as noted by many researchers are not covered due to limitations in the length and scope of the assignment. Table of Contents No Title Page i Cover Page 1 ii Executive Summary 2 iii Table of Contents 3 1.0 Introduction 4 2.0 The Evolutionary Cycle of Human Resources 5 3.0 The Effects of Devolution towards Strategic Human Resources Management 11 4.0 Conclusion 14 5.0 References 15 1.0 Introduction In the last few decades, there have been extensive changes and transformations in the perspective of organizational behaviour as a whole. To quote Smilansky (1997), “organizational change has become a permanent state of affairs”. The rapid changes in the technology...
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...Abstract Enhanced quality control methods are increasingly critical for IT projects, often plagued with failure as performance objectives do not align with traditional measures. This study provides theoretical and practical implications for information technology (IT) project quality control, particularly within the domains of project management and performance measurement. The data provided qualitatively and quantitatively demonstrates the criticality of enhanced project quality control in the IT industry. Analysis of alternative methods provides alternatives to the traditional method. Alternative methods have been applied and well-accepted at large organizations who realized the criticality of these measures as new products, services, and results showed significant overall improvement. Overall this study demonstrates that improving quality control methods for IT projects leads to a strong project design—a key component of project success. This study provides theoretical and practical implications for information technology (IT) project quality control, particularly within the domains of project management and performance measurement. There is “a growing disenchantment with the traditional methodology” that measures project success by approaches such as time conformance and budget adherence, prompting stakeholders and project managers to seek methods that will provide a clear analysis of project performance (Barclay & Osei-Bryson, 2008, p. 139). While...
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...March, 2009 Preface This master thesis concludes my life as a student, which is performed under the supervision of Twente University in the Netherlands. The research is the terminal of the program Human Resource Management. Doing this research not only improves my skill on literature searching, information analysis, but helps me to gain more profound knowledge about e-HR. During the research, I have got great support from several persons, and now, here is the opportunity to thank them. At first, I give special thanks to Jiajie Li, my boyfriend. He accompanies with me during the whole research period. Besides dealing with my impatient and anxious attitude, he also put great effort on improving my thesis. His optimistic and serious attitude influences me, and makes me continue the research with better and better results every time. His support is very meaningful for my research period. Secondly, I would like to thank Ms. Tanya Bondarouk, and Prof. Jan Kees Looise for their excellent support, feedback and guidance. Both of them give me fruitful advice on how to improve my work. And they always give me timely feedback on my work, which encourages and makes me belief that I can hand in a satisfactory report under the effort. At last, I would like to thank my family and friends for supporting me not only during this research period, but also throughout my life, my study and everything I undertake. Yu Long Den Haag, March 2009 I Management Summary Information technology is expected...
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...ABSTRACT Since 2000 Indian aviation industry has been recording steady growth. The role of the private airline sector has become very significant with the increase in domestic air traffic and the increased purchasing power of the growing middle-class. The arrival of LCCs (Low Cost Carriers) revolutionised Indian aviation industry and air travel hit an all-time-high. As more and more players arrived at the aviation scene the competition grew. Heavy price-cuts and discount offers against a background of rising operational costs proved detrimental, with almost every airliner reporting huge losses. The industry, taking cue from the global developments had moved towards consolidation of stakes so as to scale down excess competition. Many mergers and acquisitions took place which may result in significant synergies in the industry. This strategy to tie-up with the competitor rather than bleed millions by way of losses is seen as an exemplary move towards healthy competition. The opportunities as well as the challenges these mergers bring to the aviation industry is to be seen. This is about the air-side of the coin. And the land-side development mainly based on the revenue generated by the airport authorities. The study mainly goes through the landside development constituting the study of public private partnership in development of the airport city. This report mainly consists of the study of the industrial sector and how the development is sustained. Organization selected for...
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...moves around the different type of marketing strategies and models used by organisations these days along with the case study of Abercrombie and Fitch Co. to create their brand value and getting an international recognition among the top appeareal companies around the world. The paper is studied with respect to the most important related departments of a business marketing finction: services, human resources and finance. Furthermore, the case study of another retail business giant apple is studies to conclude about the research and findings. The structure of report includes discussion about the problem in martketing and analysis. The proposed solutions to the research post findings is also included in the thesis. Previous study for marketing research about Apple is also include in the report to conclude the research. Table of Contents Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1. Background 2 1.2. Research Question 4 Chapter 2 Case Brief 5 2.1. Resume of the case 5 2.2. Relevance of the case 6 Chapter 3 Research insight 7 3.1. Problem statement and plan of analysis 7 3.2. Literature review 8 3. 3. Research discussion 12 3.3. 1. Research plan 12 3.3.2. Research design 12 3.3.3. Research methodology 13 3.3. 4. Data...
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...GREEN BUILDING GUIDE Design Techniques, Construction Practices & Materials for Affordable Housing RCAC GREEN BUILDING GUIDE Design Techniques, Construction Practices & Materials for Affordable Housing Principal Author Craig Nielson, LEED AP Rural Community Assistance Corporation Co-authors Connie Baker Wolfe Rural Community Assistance Corporation Dave Conine Rural Community Assistance Corporation Contributor Art Seavey Rural Community Assistance Corporation Design Dave Conine Sharon Wills Rural Community Assistance Corporation Managing Editor and Production Sharon Wills RCAC Corporate Office: 3120 Freeboard Drive, Suite 201, West Sacramento, California 95691 916/447-2854 | 916/447-2878 fax | www.rcac.org Published by Rural Community Assistance Corporation (RCAC), a nonprofit organization dedicated to assisting rural communities achieve their goals and visions by providing training, technical assistance and access to resources. RCAC promotes quality, respect, integrity, cooperation and commitment in our work. Copyright © 2009 RCAC. All rights reserved. For reprint permission, please call 916/447-2854. Disclaimer: The material in this document has been reviewed by RCAC and approved for publication. The views expressed by individual authors, however, are their own and do not necessarily reflect those of RCAC. Trade names, products or services do not convey, and should not be interpreted as conveying, RCAC approval, endorsement or recommendation...
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...m w e a n Business Strategy and Human Resource Management: Setting the Scene Ed van Sluijs & Frits Kluytmans MERIT Open University This article is based on a journey through the wilderness of strategic human resource management. Part 1 gives an overview of the recent literature on this topic, particularly pertaining to the two issues which received have most attention until now: the relational aspects and the content aspects. In part 2, we go deeper into the wilderness and explore the least known aspect of strategic human resource management, namely the process aspects. This exploration is based on the simultaneous study of the (scarce) literature and four cases. Finally, the connection between the three aspects is investigated. INTRODUCTION Increased integration between human resource management and business strategy is one of the most important demands that are placed upon modern strategic human resource management. In both the management and the academic literature, it is generally acknowledged that the strategic deployment and management of personnel can contribute to the success and continuity of the firm. Some go even further by stating that a firm’s human resources form the basis of the firm’s competitive advantage. In this view, the human resources are the most important assets of an organisation. At the same time, in addition to the importance of the human resources as such, it is believed to be important that the management of the human resources should be in perfect...
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...m w e a n B usiness S trategy a nd H uman R esource Management: S etting t he S cene Ed van Sluijs & Frits Kluytmans MERIT Open University This article is based on a journey through the wilderness of strategic human resource management. Part 1 gives an overview of the recent literature on this topic, particularly pertaining to the two issues which received have most attention until now: the relational aspects and the content aspects. In part 2, we go deeper into the wilderness and explore the least known aspect of strategic human resource management, namely the process aspects. This exploration is based on the simultaneous study of the (scarce) literature and four cases. Finally, the connection between the three aspects is investigated. INTRODUCTION Increased integration between human resource management and business strategy is one of the most important demands that are placed upon modern strategic human resource management. In both the management and the academic literature, it is generally acknowledged that the strategic deployment and management of personnel can contribute to the success and continuity of the firm. Some go even further by stating that a firm’s human resources form the basis of the firm’s competitive advantage. In this view, the human resources are the most important assets of an organisation. At the same time, in addition to the importance of the human resources as such, it is believed to be important that the management of the...
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...– The purpose of the paper is to describe how the understanding of the relationship between human resource management (HRM) and organizational effectiveness (OE) has evolved during the past three decades and to provide examples how firms are using HRM to improve their OE today by addressing several challenges that result from a broader stakeholder model. Design/methodology/approach – This paper reviews the past and current work on the relationship between HRM and OE. Findings – This findings indicate that the relationship between HRM and OE is very different when comparing the past with the current work on the relationship between HRM and OE. A major reason for this is the current work on OE uses the multiple stakeholder model that accounts for many more stakeholders than the past work. Practical implications – Human resource (HR) professionals have the opportunity to demonstrate many ways by which HRM can influence OE, and not just solely on the basis of firm profitability. Thus the use of the multiple stakeholder model today offers the HR professional and the HR profession many more opportunities to demonstrate their importance and impact. Originality/value – A systematic review and comparison of the past and current relationship between HRM and OE using the multiple stakeholder model have not been using both the viewpoints of both academics and practitioners. Keywords Human resource management, Organizational effectiveness, Multiple stakeholders Paper type General review ...
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