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29 March 2013
Fantasmas en El Salvador

Desde la última década de 1880, se han reunido muchas pistas a revelar el motivo de la guerra civil en El Salvador. Por al aumento en la población y las tensiones entre las clases sociales, El Salvador ha sido rodeada por la violencia y la pobreza por muchos años. Los problemas dentro del país han estado sucediendo por más de cien años por las tensiones entre los ricos y los pobres. Mientras que muchas personas discuten sobre las causas de la guerra civil en El Salvador, no había suficiente evidencia concreta para apoyar lo que realmente sucede durante la guerra civil por la historia que tuvo lugar durante la década de 1880, las pistas de los Estado Unidos ayudando la militar de El Salvador, y cómo la guerra civil se basó en las tensiones raciales. En el “Fotógrafo de la Muerte”, Mario Bencastro trae un misterio a través de imágenes y nos ayuda a conectar a la realidad de la matanza ocurrida en el Salvador.
Dentro de la historia antes de la guerra civil, una pista importante fue explicado que podría explicar por qué era tan muchos asesinatos y desaparición de personas que aparecieron en el “Fotógrafo de la Muerte”. Durante las finales del siglo XIX, el café ha cobrado importancia al El Salvador. Se ha convertido en un importante cultivo comercial que casi el 95% de los ingresos del país. Lo único malo fue que sólo el 2% se distribuyó al pueblo que causó tensiones dentro de las clases sociales. Se formó un partido socialista que llevó a los campesinos contra el mal gobierno. Por la gente que luchaba contra el gobierno, el gobierno defendió enviando escuadrones de la muerte militar que mató a personas que apoyó el levantamiento. La violencia ha continuado a través de los años 1980 y 1990 y da pistas a los asesinatos de Theophilus, esposa del hombre, el hijo de las madres y hermano de la niña. En el comienzo de la historia, la descripción de los asesinatos que Theophilus describe al periodista y el fotógrafo trae imágenes horribles. Theophilus comenta, "La gente los señala con cruces de cartón o con ramas. Me guio por las cruces, por la mandada de perros callejeros desenterrando huesos, o por las aves de rapiña volando sobre los cuerpos "(28). Durante la guerra civil, los militares en el Salvador avanzado uso de machetes y pistolas pequeñas al uso de lanzadores de granadas y otras armas importadas. Esto explica el por qué la mayoría de los cuerpos que son descritos por Mario en el “Fotógrafo de la Muerte” es en su mayoría decapitadas. Theophilus comento, "No hay unos que se pueden fotografiar de cuerpo entero porque están decapitados" (28). Los hechos ocurridos durante la década de 1880 parecen una causa creíble de la causa de la guerra civil, pero otra discutible pista trae otra imagen que lo hace más discutible de todos ellos.
Por más pruebas de los crímenes durante el la guerra cresa y procesamientos de aumento de funcionarios del gobierno anterior aumento, una cuestión importante viene. ¿Es verdad, que los Estados Unidos sabían de los miles de civiles que murieron durante la guerra civil? ¿Es verdad que Fidel Castro apoyó a los rebeldes? Muchas de estas preguntas deben ser respondidas antes de afirmar que si los Estados Unidos era culpable o no. Por a los Estados Unidos, suministrando ayuda a los militares salvadoreños, esto podría explicar por qué murieron tantas personas en la cuento de Mario Bencastro. “El fotógrafo de la Muerte”, Theophilus comentó, "Los transportamos al cementerio más cercano. En ciertas ocasiones se les entierra en el mismo lugar donde son descubiertos, por la falta de espacio en los cementerios"(28).
Con el mismo caso que ocurrió durante la década de 1880, las tensiones raciales han formado. La mayoría de la población de porcentaje tenía indio decente durante la guerra civil en El Salvador. Cuando el partido socialista liderado indígenas para luchar contra el gobierno por la renta injusta que fue distribuida a las personas, el Gobierno envió al ejército a matar a civiles que parecía indio o que apoyó el levantamiento. Las personas que fueron asesinadas en de Bencastro’s “Fotógrafo de la Muerte”, podrían han tenido indio decente o simplemente miró indio. Quién sabe, tal vez el dispárense y el asesinato de Theophilus sucedieron porque miró indio. Muchos acontecimientos trágicos a través de la historia como Adolf Hitler y el asesinato masivo de personas en África influyen en la idea de que esto podría haber sido la causa de la guerra civil.
En la historia de Mario Bencastro, el “Fotógrafo de la Muerte”, trae muchas preguntas a la realidad de la guerra civil. El uso de diálogo hace un buen trabajo de dar al lector una imagen real a la catástrofe en la historia. La descripción con la violencia, por ejemplo, la parte en la historia cuando el enterrador frota la cara y encuentra restos de carne todavía de él trae real horribles escalofríos a los asesinatos en masa que suceden en El Salvador. Aunque no podríamos nunca sabremos la verdad, las pistas aún viven y tal vez un día alguien va conectar los puntos.

Numero de palabras: 873
Bibliografía
Christine J. "El Salvador: Contradictions of Neoliberalism and Building Sustainable Peace." Web.

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