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Tug Risk Assessment

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The term fall is defined as "an event which results in a person coming to rest unintentionally on the ground or lower level, not as a result of a major intrinsic event such as stroke or overwhelming hazard" (Tinetti, Speechley, & Ginter, 1988). The most common causes of injury and activity limitation among the elderly individuals is falls. About 30% of the elderly population in the age range of 65 and over end up with falls related injuries such as fractures and connective tissue injuries of the joints leaving them with personal and financial burden (Barry, Galvin, Keogh, Horgan, & Fahey, 2014). Gait and balance disorders are considered as the leading causes of falls in the elderly patients (Barry et al., 2014). There are many tools that …show more content…
Both American Geriatric Society and the National Institute of Clinical Evidence (NICE) recommend TUG test as the most reliable and validated screening tool for evaluation of gait and balance in determining the risk of falls in adults (Barry et al., 2014). TUG test is used in almost all types of clinical settings for evaluation of fall risks in adult patients and to take appropriate measures to implement fall management strategies. TUG test requires both static and dynamic components of balance to assess an individual. TUG test is the time taken by an individual to get up from the chair, walk for three meters, turn around, walk back to the chair, and then sit on the chair (Barry et al., 2014). The average cutoff time to complete the TUG test is 13.5-14 seconds. The elderly patients who take longer than 13.5-14 seconds to complete the test are at more risk for …show more content…
This study conducted determines the sensitivity and specificity of TUG test in indentifying the adults at risk for falls during singe task versus dual task. The study included 15 participants with no history of falls and 15 participants with history of 2 or more falls in the age range of 60 to 85 with or without using an assistive device. The exclusion criteria for the participants to include in the group are individuals with a single fall in the last 6 months and absence of neurological or musculoskeletal problems (Shumway-Cook, Brauer, & Woollacott, 2000). The study is conducted with TUG conducted under three conditions, the TUG, TUG with cognitive (counting numbers backward from a randomly selected numbers), and TUG with manual task (carrying a cup of water). In both groups of individuals, the time taken to complete the TUG increased with immediate additional task. The results from the study suggest that TUG is both sensitive and specific to identify individuals at risk for falls and is not enhanced by any additional task (Shumway-Cook, Brauer, & Woollacott, 2000). It is also found that the group with history of falls were much slower compared to the group with no history of falls (Shumway-Cook, Brauer, & Woollacott, 2000). This study concludes that aging alone is not responsible for falls, but balance issues

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