Rene Descartes is known as “The father of modern philosophy”, and published “Discourse on the Method.” Before Descartes invented his philosophy, in Europe, Scholasticism was prevalent. It says, “God lights up the truth, and people who don’t know cannot get the truth” ( ).
He denied this idea and indicated that, with reason, we can find a certain spot where everyone can receive common truth. This idea was groundbreaking at the time.

Human being can speculate the world with reason and can grasp its comprehends picture.
Unless we misuse reason, we can achieve the same goal.
In other words, there is world universality.

However, the problem is where we should put the start point of speculation, where to put principle. If each person has each start point, of course goal should be different from on another.

Before Descartes, Scholarcism, which tell grasping the truth with strong belief, was prevalent. However, Descartes denied this completely. Overcoming the difference of religions and cultures, and finding the common understanding with reason was the goal of Descartes.

Descartes said, “To use reason correctly, we have to follow the “method”. So let’s check out each method.

First, the purpose of study is to lead people’s mind to the solid truth.
Descartes said, “ Seeking the universality is not to get Schlorsicm knowledge, but to make our life better.”
Second, study the thing we can absolutely understand with reason.
He said this because, if we work on the thing that we are not sure whether it is true or false, we are going to lose our knowledge rather than getting it. Of course, researchers will say there will be no such things, but at that time, there were so many scholars used sophistries. Scholarcism philosophers compete about how elegant their theories are with a lot of hypothesis. That is why Descartes was mad at them and stated this