...Ukraine is a sovereign state; its independence was proclaimed in 1991. Ukraine is situated in the east of Europe. The territory of Ukraine is 603 700 square kilometres. Ukraine borders on Russia, Belarus, Poland, Moldova, Slovakia, Hungary, and Romania. It’s washed by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov and has very important ports. Ukraine is larger than France and Great Britain but considerably smaller than Russia. 5% of Ukraine’s territory is mountainous; the rest part of the Ukrainian area is flat. Ukraine has the Carpathians and the Crimean Mountains. The Carpathians is the natural mountainous boundary of Ukraine. They are covered with mixed forests of pine, fir, beech and oak trees. There are the thickest forests in Volyn, which are part of the famous Byelovezhskaya Puscha. The Dnieper is the main river of the country; moreover, it’s the third longest river in Europe. Such rivers as the Dniester, the Danube, the Southern Bug and the Seversky Donets are also important. The population of our country is about 46 million people. Besides Ukrainians the representatives of many other nationalities live there: Russians, Jews, Belarusians, Moldavians, Romanians, Greeks, Tatars, Poles, Armenians, Germans, Gypsies and other ethnic minorities. They contributed to Ukraine’s culture and history. The biggest cities of Ukraine are Kyiv, Kharkiv, Lviv, Dnipropetrovsk, Zaporizhzhya, Donetsk, Odessa, Mykolaiv and others. Ukraine is developed industrial and agricultural country. It’s...
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...UKRAINE Name Class Affiliation Instructor Date Introduction Ukraine is in Eastern Europe, and borders Russia to the east, Poland, Hungary and Slovakia to the west, Moldova and Romania to the Southwest, and Black and Azov Sea in the south. It covers an area of an approximated 603, 628 km sq, thus making it the second largest European country, after Russia. Ukraine became an independent State in 1991, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union had depressed the Ukraine economy, although after its dissolution, the economy of Ukraine has shown a positive trend of increase in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP)[1] .Ukraine is a united state, with 24 states, Crimea, and 2 large cities: Sevastopol and Kiev. Language The official Ukraine language is Ukrainian. This is an East Slavic language, which is a native language among 67.5 % of the population in Ukraine. Russian is used by about 29.5 % of the population in Ukraine. The rest of the people speak other native languages. Ukraine uses the Slavic language, which is written as Cyrillic script. Current Ukraine languages include Ukrainian, Russian, Polish, Romanian, German, Hungarian, Armenian, Crimean, Tatar, Greek, and Georgian. There are other minority languages used in Ukraine. Culture The word Ukraine refers to a borderland, and in the context of this paper, it explains why Ukraine has a diverse culture. The culture of Ukraine has been...
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...Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. Ukraineborders the Russian Federation to the east and northeast, Belarus to the northwest, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary to the west,Romania and Moldova to the southwest, and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after the Russian Federation. According to a popular and well established theory, the medieval state of Kievan Rus was established by the Varangians in the 9th century as the first historically recorded East Slavic state which emerged as a powerful nation in the Middle Ages until it disintegrated in the 12th century. By the middle of the 14th century, Ukrainian territories were under the rule of three external powers—the Golden Horde, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and the Kingdom of Poland. After the Great Northern War (1700–1721) Ukraine was divided between a number of regional powers and, by the 19th century, the largest part of Ukraine was integrated into the Russian Empire with the rest under Austro-Hungarian control. A chaotic period of incessant warfare ensued, with several internationally recognized attempts at independence from 1917 to 1921, following World War I and the Russian Civil War. Ukraine emerged from its own civil war, and on December 30, 1922 Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic became one of the founding republics of the Soviet Union. The Ukrainian SSR's territory was enlarged...
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...Governce of Russia Explain Russian’s invasion in Ukraine and Russian’s action in Crimea by individual level of analysis Background Russia’s invasion in Crimea and Russia’s action in Ukraine were the actions in Ukraine crisis. Ukraine crisis began at the end of February 2014. The cause was the president Viktor Yanukovych refused to sign an association agreement with the European Union on 21 November 2013, and what he did arouse a series of complains in the society. Subsequently, he and his government were removed in the February 2014 revolution by an organized political movement, ‘Euromaidan’. However, people did not accepted who began to protest in flavor of close ties with Russia. Demonstrations and protests were held in Crimea aiming to leave Ukraine’s control and access to the Russian Federation, which lead to the crisis. At the last, Crimea broke away from the control of Ukraine and joined the Russian Federation. And the issues would be analyzed by the individual level analysis. Definition of Individual Level of Analysis Individual level of analysis mainly focuses on decisions made by the individual person who is the important role in the issue. It also shows the influence of the development of international politics by their interactions in 4 aspects, they are personality, perceptions, activities and choices. Putin took a very important role in making decision of action and brought big influence in Ukraine and Crimea. Types of Leader Putin is Vladimir Putin...
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...The economy of Ukraine and Ukraine in the global economy Petrusha Helena Ukraine’s economy has a great potential to perform successful in the world. It can be characterized by such strong sides: - well educated labour force, - large domestic market, - well developed industrial base, - access to a variety of resources, including some of Europe’s best best agriculture land, significant coal and some oil and gas reserves, - strategic location connecting Europe, Russia and Asian markets. Nevertheless, Ukraine ended up among the least successful transition economies. The reasons for such a poor performance are different, but we should emphasize on the weaknesses deriving from overcentralised command economy during the Soviet period. I’d like to draw your attention to the Ukraine economy past in order to understand its current situation. Large and often inefficient state-owned factories, enterprises and collective farms wasted resources and emphasized quantity over quality. Prices were fixed and consumer goods were often in short supply. Excessive spending on the military hurt the civilian economy. For the last decades Ukraine is moving to market economy, where the forces of supply and demand and private ownership guide the allocation of resources. The transition to market economy is politically and socially difficult because of experience of rising inflation, unemployment and economic uncertainty before the long term benefits of market economy. The next point of this...
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...Ukraine as we see it Olga Avramenko University of Tartu Introduction to Studies Lecturer: Anne Aidla Table of content Introduction 3 Geography 4 History 6 Government and political condition 7 Economic factors 9 Conclusions 9 References 11 Appendix 12 Introduction Ukraine — what comes to mind when you hear this name? Maybe the Klitschko Brothers, Andriy Shevchenko, Nikolai Gogol, and maybe Kyiv, the Dnipro, the Carpathian Mountains. But this is just a small part of the brilliant talents and unbelievably beautiful places that grace our country. If you are thinking about traveling - you will find Ukraine as a charming country, with having second biggest territory in Eastern Europe and an amazing variety of natural environment which is truly marvelous! We border with Russia to the east, Belarus to the north, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary to the west, Romania and Moldova to the southwest. In Western Ukraine, you can find the Carpathian Mountains soar, which protect the country from cold winds and makes our summers warm. When travelling around northern Ukraine you will soon be able to feel the warm breath of subtropical Crimea, where in the Crimean Mountains you will feel the aroma of pine, coniferous and cypress forests and enjoy the incredible landscapes which enchant travelers with its primeval beauty. Kyiv, Ukraine’s capital is one of the oldest cities in Europe and even in the world, staying for approximately 2,000 years. In the past Kyivan Rus...
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...Ukraine Famine The Ukrainian Famine was dreadful famine premeditated by the Soviet Union, headed by Joseph Stalin during 1932-1933, as a means to undermine the nationalistic pride of the Ukrainian people. It served to control and further oppress the Ukrainian people by denying them the basic vital essentials they needed to survive. The Ukrainian Famine is also known as Holodomor, meaning “death by hunger.” The Communist Regime sought to eliminate any threat from Ukrainian nationalists, whom they feared had the potential to form a rebellion and to seek independence from the Soviet Union. More than 5,000 Ukrainian intellectuals were arrested and later were either murdered or deported to prison camps in Siberia. These individuals were falsely accused of plotting an armed rebellion; however it was very clear that Stalin’s intentions were to eliminate the leaders of Ukrainian society, to leave the masses without any guidance or direction. Stalin regarded the self-sufficient farms of the Ukraine peasants, as a threat to his ideals. He did not want the Ukrainian peasants to prosper freely from the wealth accumulated from independent farm holdings. The wealthier farmers were termed as “kulaks”, and became the primary target of “dekulukization,” an effort to eliminate independent farm-holdings, and create collective farm units. The Communists attempted to gain the support of the poorer class of peasants, by turning them against the kulak class of farmers. A false image of the Kulak...
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...Ukraine is a relatively young independent country that had to build up its own sovereignty, its social, political and economical life under a strong influence of communist totalitarian system of the former USSR. Nowadays, Ukraine is in a very difficult situation, particularly in the context of recent presidential elections. Ukrainian economy is really in a big trouble because what we have observed since 1991 when this country got its independence may be characterized by one word – stagnation, though more radical people would call it agony because the rate of real unemployment is very high, foreign investments are insignificant particularly in comparison with its neighbors such as Poland, Czech Republic, or Hungary, bank system is just starting to develop and is far from international standards, industry and agriculture develops but do not achieve even the level of 1990, the same may be said about GNP, finally, the country is regionally unequally divided into industrial East and Center and mainly agricultural West and North. On analyzing the situation I strongly recommend to the Ukrainian government to start changes and the earlier it is done the better for Ukraine. Firstly, I want to underline that to overcome all the obstacles to prosperity of Ukraine we have to know what are causes of economical problems. I think that the principle cause is the lack of radicalism of Ukrainian reforms and not only economical but administrative and political as well. Practically, all reforms...
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...Tadeusz Iwański The countries of Eastern European and China have been increasingly interested in deepening bilateral contacts over the past few years. In the case of Ukraine, Belarus and Moldova this has been caused by the bad economic situation which was in part caused by the consequences of the global economic crisis of 2008 and the desire to establish closer political relations with a country whose significance on the international arena is continually growing. Each of these countries has different expectations regarding the scale and the nature of co-operation with China. Chisinau wishes only to boost trade, whereas in Minsk and Kyiv, Beijing is also presented as a strategic partner whose investments may not only help the indebted economies recover but also strengthen the position of these countries in their dealings with the EU, and especially with Russia. Beijing sees co-operation with these countries in differently, and its offer is much more modest than Belarus and Ukraine are expecting. Eastern Europe is one of the last parts of the world with which China is activating its co-operation. This is not a priority region for Beijing. China wants to derive economic benefits and to diversify the markets on which it invests its financial surplus, and it does not intend to extend its political dialogue with Ukraine, Belarus and Moldova beyond the framework which determines its economic interests. The main reason for this is the nature of relations between Russia and China. Beijing...
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...geographic patterns of the 2004 presidential election vote in Ukraine. These patterns display very significant information to a scholar in search of the reasons behind how the voting went. The east side of Ukraine was largely in favor of Viktor Yanukovych, with his support dwindling as the pattern moves westward. (Figure 1) The west side of Ukraine was largely in favor of Viktor Yushchenko, with his support lessening as the pattern moves eastward. (Figure 2) Both patterns are particularly conspicuous, revealing geographical cultural differences across the nation. Over against some false explanations, these patterns can be properly explained by analyzing the ultimate and proximate causes of why people voted the way they did....
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...Operating a Goodwill in Ukraine Abstract The Ukraine is currently experiencing a crisis which started when former President Viktor Yanukovych disregarded a deal with The European Union for strong relations with Russia. Riots have been going on for over a year and gangs have formed. The number of deaths occurring are increasing, while The Happy Planet Index scored The Ukraine a 37.6 and is ranked number 100 out of 150 countries. There are many influences regarding business in The Ukraine including: cultural, economic, legal, political, and government. The Ukraine is involved in some international organizations including The United Nations. When trying to open and operate a Goodwill in The Ukraine there will be many importing, exporting, and marketing strategies. By opening and operating a Goodwill in Ukraine, there is an opportunity for the company to help the citizens who are effected by the crisis which may help bring The Happy Planet Index for the country up. Operating a Goodwill in Ukraine The Ukraine has a long historical background. From the beginning of The Ukraine’s creation to the year 1712, there has been four significant periods. “During the Miocene Period in Tertiary Age of Cenozoic Era, some 12 million years ago, most of Ukraine was covered by sea” (Hrushevs'ky, Skoryk, "History of Ukraine"). Between the years 879 and 1913, The Ukraine had been dominated by several groups. Originally, The Ukraine was divided between three Princes who were brothers. PriceVolodymyr...
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...According to a report in Kommersant-Ukraine, the finance ministry of Washington’s stooges in Kiev who are pretending to be a government has prepared an economic austerity plan that will cut Ukrainian pensions from $160 to $80 so that Western bankers who lent money to Ukraine can be repaid at the expense of Ukraine’s poor. It is Greece all over again. VOLTAIRE NETWORK | 7 MARCH 2014 PORTUGUÊS 日本語 This supporter of the Ukraine joining the EU has received her reward: a 50% cut in her pension. Before anything approaching stability and legitimacy has been obtained for the puppet government put in power by the Washington orchestrated coup against the legitimate, elected Ukraine government, the Western looters are already at work. Naive protesters who believed the propaganda that EU membership offered a better life are due to lose half of their pension by April. But this is only the beginning. The corrupt Western media describes loans as “aid.” However, the 11 billion euros that the EU is offering Kiev is not aid. It is a loan. Moreover, it comes with many strings, including Kiev’s acceptance of an IMF austerity plan. Remember now, gullible Ukrainians participated in the protests that were used to overthrow their elected government, because they believed the lies told to them by Washington-financed NGOs that once they joined the EU they would have streets paved with gold. Instead they are getting cuts in their pensions and an IMF austerity plan. The austerity plan...
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...factors in the Western and Eastern Ukraine due to the decline in the statehood and culture in the 18th century. The west and east had many differences during this time. The east wanted to follow Russia and the west wanted to keep the Ukrainians laws because that is what they believed in. Western and Eastern Ukraine was divided by a river called the Dnipro. I will be talking about a few factors about the west and east to show how different they were during the 18th century. Western Ukraine is not emotionally, culturally, and politically to Russia and they continued speaking their language which was Ukrainian and their language was strong in the central and west part of the Ukraine. They remained under Polish rule and had dominance...
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...internal conflict in Ukraine, my home country, newspaper headlines around the world are dominated with stories on Russian imperial intentions. Despite international political protests, the Russian government’s gas empire is exercising its power not only in Ukraine, but in all of Europe. Even though the risks of energy dependency on Russia are understood in the European Union, the progress in solving this problem is yet very slow. Ukraine, however, has limited time to find a solution to its energy dependency. According to the opinion of Ukraine's leading think-tanks, the answer lies in sustainable energy generation technologies, which in my opinion would make the most positive impact on the well-being of Ukrainians. Currently over 10% of Ukraine's energy is generated by hydraulic power plants, and this number needs to rise significantly. Fossil fuel-based generation, which amounts to 65% of the energy industry, has to be replaced by solar plants and wind power stations. Geothermal systems, first tested and now actively used in the US, Australia and the UK, can be used to provide the eastern regions of Ukraine with flexible energy supply, widely required by the powerhouses in the east of Ukraine; tidal and wave generators may be the future of energy production for the south; and western regions could make use of the new energy storage solutions that would ease the export of sustainably generated energy. Considering the available options, I believe that Ukraine will eventually...
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...How the U.S. Should Support Ukraine Recently, Russia has been moving their military forces into the neighboring country of Ukraine with the intended goal of trying to take control over some of the land. It is the belief of many people that Russia hopes to divide up Ukraine permanently. The United States government is considering a few different possible responses to the movements being made. One possible solution currently being debated upon is for the United States to send in our own military forces. Although a unified Ukraine is in the best interest of America, the United States should not use military action to help the Ukrainian government push Russia outside its borders. The crisis began last year in November when former Ukrainian president Viktor Yanukovych announced that Ukraine was leaving from an agreement designed to build a bond with the European Union. The government was intending to work more closely with the Russian government in Moscow. As a result, many protestors went out in public and continued to seize the Kiev City Hall in December. Critical events ensued as a few protestors died during a demonstration with the police being involved. Several days later, the prime minister of Ukraine resigned and anti-protest laws were repealed by parliament. Soon after that, violence in the street occurred, leaving as many as twenty-six people dead and hundreds injured. Yanukovych fled the country after a political coup took place and the opposition leader, Yulia Tymoshenko...
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