...factors pertaining to genetic mapping and testing for future health problems that can create dilemmas for both the patient and the health care providers. There is always uncertainty and numerous variables when genes pose the probability of predisposition to certain diseases. As to the procedure in which this problem is addressed one needs “To uncover the patient’s genetic background.” In cases of certain types of cancer, for example, there are four specific traits that suggest it is a wise course to take upon genetic testing of the patients’ family members. This is possible in 60% to 95% of the families of cancer patients. The predictions of genetic testing can reduce apprehension and uncertainly of the tested patient. This predictive genetic testing can be a stress reduces for those who have a family history of hereditary disease. Profound anxiety may occur when gray shades pertaining to the uncertainty of a gene cells propensity to carry a serious disease exists within the family history. This stressful mental frame of is a dilemma unto itself, so psychological counseling may be necessary for some patients. Psychological counseling may apply for ton’s illnesses such as hunting disease (a neuro degenerative disease) as well as certain hereditary forms of cancer and some hereditary heart diseases. “The psychological counseling should be tailored to the specific characteristics of the disease.” A disease with no known care such as Huntington’s disease needs a different type of approach...
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...the art of caring and the need to treat each patient holistically (Watson, 2007). Leininger is another Nursing theorist who realized caring is unique and the core of nursing. According to Leininger’s Cultural Care Theory as cited by Maier-Lorentz (2008), on Transcultural Nursing, nurses need to be aware of various cultures and how to use this knowledge in their daily practice (Maier-Lorentz, 2008). Leininger’s Cultural Care Theory addresses the need for cultural competency in health care. Communication with a patient can be affected by a patient’s culture. In addition, nurses need to avoid ethnocentric bias. In an effort to achieve a holistic approach to health care one must have an understanding of cultural factors that may affect proposed health care interventions. Leininger’s Cultural Care Theory can be hardwired with Watson’s Theory of Human Care to help achieve holistic care of the patient (Leininger & McFarland, 2002). In this paper I will discuss the design of a teaching program at my workplace to help raise awareness about vulnerable populations. According to De Chesney and Anderson (2008), issues with vulnerability can apply to population groups or individual people. De Chesney and Anderson (2008) discuss vulnerable populations that are at higher risk for health issues related to socioeconomic status, cultural issues, or environmental issues (De Chesney & Anderson, 2008). In the development of this project, I considered focusing on the Hispanic population. However...
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...differences in priorities, values and morals. For example, it is common for there to be a disagreement between the patient/families and health care professionals regarding treatment. This often occurs due to factors such as religion, culture, and morality. It is the duty of health care teams to work with the patient’s best interest in mind, but there are times when it is necessary for an ethics committee to be involved before any decision is made. Such is the case as seen in Matt’s situation in which the bioethical issue is deciding if Matt should be resuscitated any longer. There have been numerous codes, low brain function as seen on the...
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...biases, those annoying glitches in our thinking that cause us to make questionable decisions and reach erroneous conclusions. Here are a dozen of the most common and pernicious cognitive biases that you need to know about. Before we start, it's important to distinguish between cognitive biases and logical fallacies. A logical fallacy is an error in logical argumentation (e.g. ad hominem attacks, slippery slopes, circular arguments, appeal to force, etc.). A cognitive bias, on the other hand, is a genuine deficiency or limitation in our thinking — a flaw in judgment that arises from errors of memory, social attribution, and miscalculations (such as statistical errors or a false sense of probability). Some social psychologists believe our cognitive biases help us process information more efficiently, especially in dangerous situations. Still, they lead us to make grave mistakes. We may be prone to such errors in judgment, but at least we can be aware of them. Here are some important ones to keep in mind. Confirmation Bias We love to agree with people who agree with us. It's why we only visit websites that express our political opinions, and why we mostly hang around people who hold similar views and tastes. We tend to be put off by individuals, groups, and news sources that make us feel uncomfortable or insecure about our views — what the behavioral psychologist B. F. Skinner called cognitive dissonance. It's this preferential mode of...
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...innovation company with many projects that are geared for a more advanced world of living. In 2014 Google was voted one of Forbes lists of best places to work for. It has been on the list for eight consecutive years and also has been on the list for two years as number one. Google was also number one on the Glassdoor list which is made from the reviews of employee's. Clearly I’m not the only one that thinks Google is a great place to work. Google Inc. prides itself in being different. Google has received a lot of attention for its unorthodox organizational culture, which is designed to encourage both creativity and also faithfulness. Google allows employees to have a life and give the most to Google as well with offering onsite daycare, paternity leave and health care facilities (Karol, 2014). Google has created many significant products through the focus on creativity and innovation, including the Google search engine, Google Maps and the Google Chrome Web browser (Thompson, 2015). Some of Google’s most influential...
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...U.S. Healthcare Delivery System Alden Knight Health Services System – HSM541 DeVry University, Keller Graduate School of Management August 10, 2013 According to HHS when it comes to racial and ethnic disparities, they identify the lack of insurance as a significant driver of healthcare disparities. Lack of insurance, more than any other demographic or economic barrier, negatively affects the quality of health care received by minority populations. Racial and ethnic minorities are significantly less likely than the rest of the population to have health insurance. They constitute about one-third of the U.S. population, but make up more than half of the 50 million people who are uninsured (HHS 2011). Unfortunately, it has a negative impact on the U.S. healthcare delivery system. Primary care is the most important part of the health care system. According to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality or the AHRQ, about 30 percent of Hispanic and 20 percent of Black Americans lack a usual source of health care compared with less than 16 percent of whites. Also, Black Americans and Hispanic Americans are far more likely to rely on hospitals or clinics for their usual source of care than are White Americans (AHRQ 2013). The American Hospital Association or the AHA has convened the Special Advisory Group on Improving Hospital Care for Minorities as part of ongoing efforts to ensure equal treatment for all patients...
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...Ageist beliefs and stereotypes can interfere with health care seeking as well as with diagnosis and treatment recommendations; they can, for example, contribute to gender disparities in the health care of older adults if older women are perceived as too frail to undergo aggressive treatments. (http://ic.galegroup.com.ezproxy1.azlibrary.gov)” Stereotypes give certain individuals a mentality that makes them unconsciously follow the expectations that their stereotype follows, which gives people more ammunition to discriminate them with. The more people discriminate and sort people into stereotypes, the stronger the stereotype becomes and the discrimination becomes worse. One might say that not all stereotypes are necessarily “bad,” but a quote in “Asians and Stereotyping” has proved that that is untrue: “The joke that Mr. Kristof cites -- that ''an A- is an 'Asian F'...
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...Google the Best Place to Work, and its Organizational Environment BUS 322: Organizational Behavior Richard M. Lorah Professor Kristian N. Morales 7/27/2014 There are a lot of great companies to work for in the world today. Organizational behavior plays a big role in how well the company operates, how great the employees feel and how well the company can be competitive in the global market. The company of my choosing was Google because it seemed to be an interesting company to write about. Google is the leading search engine in the world, and also is a leading technological innovation company with many projects that are geared for a more advanced world of living. Another cool thing about Google is that it was voted number one on the 2014 Forbe’s list of best places to work for. It has been on the list for eight consecutive years and also has been on the list for two years as number one. Google Inc. has received a lot of attention and acclaim for its unusual organizational culture, which is designed to encourage both loyalty and creativity. Google has created many significant products through this emphasis on innovation, including the Google search engine, Google Maps and the Google Chrome Web browser (Thompson, 2014). Google's unofficial motto is “Don't Be Evil,” and many of its policies and corporate decisions are based on trying to live up to this motto. Although it may seem eccentric to pursue such an approach in a business environment where profit is always the...
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...After the devastating and nation-shocking murder of the beloved Martin Luther King Jr., a new generation of determined activists came into light. Jane Elliot, an American third-grade teacher, won the National Mental Health Association Award for her research on the effect of outside influences on the human mind. Her research, found on http://www.janeelliott.com, was named “The Blue Eyes-Brown Eyes Exercise.” In this exercise, she told her impressionable students that those with blue eyes were superior to those with brown eyes. She gave the students with blue eyes the characteristics of being more intelligent. Even though she did not treat her blue or brown eyed students any differently, the blue-eyed students began to thrive while her brown...
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...uncertainty about access to necessary services and health outcomes. This essay aims to analyze the complicated structure of healthcare disparities while shining a light on the approach to universally fair healthcare outcomes and access. This essay will explore the complicated link between healthcare disparities and how factors such as socioeconomic status, race, location, and differences in cultures affect health outcomes and unequal access to medical treatment. This essay does this by drawing on the information offered by numerous studies. It will address the root causes of healthcare inequality...
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...Running head: SUBTLE BIAS SHARED WITHIN AN AMERICAN SOCIAL CONSTRUCT Subtle Bias as a Social Construct In America May 28, 2012 Abstract An understanding of the subtle bias that affects our society is a form of humanistic deception. Although the norms in America appear to be uniform; we will see that biases are influenced by various social factors such as stereotype, prejudice, discrimination, and labeling including the Attribution Theory. This paper will compare and contrast scientific literature to gain more insight into the subtlety of this social construct. I am seeking not to understand the reason why we as social beings are bias, but to simply show that this distorted truth exist. Subtle Bias as a Social Construct In America My theory of unconscious bias along with the self-affirmation process that accompanies it clouds our worldview in our present society. We all do it no matter how accepting we appear to be or even claim to be. Irrational thoughts are usually based on a worldview that illustrates our interpretation of the world we live in (Wilson, 2001). This worldview is a set of assumptions and beliefs that we hold on to that guide our behavior. It helps us to make sense out of our lives. It determines what we think about human nature, causes of emotional issues, and where bias comes from (Entwistle, 2004). There is always some form of discriminatory behavior or covert prejudice prevailing within our essence. Unfortunately, there is a strong manipulative...
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...colleagues and with patients. Nurses are required to work with and take care of individuals from a range of cultural and ethnic backgrounds. This can be both a challenge and an enriching experience. In nursing all dimensions of cultural diversity are experienced regularly including the primary dimensions of diversity such as age, ethnic heritage, mental/physical ability, race, gender and sexual orientation. Secondary dimensions are considered as part and parcel of understanding patient needs in a health care setting and these may include income, religion, education and family status (Stockdale M.S., 2004). Understanding diversity is pivotal to successful patient care because patient needs are often largely defined by patient experience and expectations. All of the factors that define diversity are inherent in how a patient will perceive their care and what their expectations will be in receiving care. Nurses who understand this are better able to offer compassion, appropriate services, tolerance and support. It is important when considering patient care to recognize the difference between diversity and inclusion. Diversity compared to inclusion in the health care environment Diversity defines the lifestyle and experiences and individual may have which will inform their beliefs, expectations and acceptance of practices. Respecting diversity means acknowledging these unique experiences and administering care and understanding based upon the distinct tenets of the individuals culture...
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...social norms is that it lacks time validity. This is because social norms change over time; behaviour that was once seen as abnormal may be acceptable and vice versa. For example, drink driving was once considered acceptable but is now seen as socially unacceptable whereas homosexuality has changed the other way. Until 1980 homosexuality was considered a psychological disorder but is considered acceptable today. This is a weakness because it means abnormality cannot be judged across eras. Another definition is failure to function adequately. Under this definition a person is considered abnormal if they are unable to cope with the demands of everyday life. They may be unable to perform the behaviours necessary for day to day living e.g. self-care, holding down a job, interacting meaningfully with others and making...
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...social norms is that it lacks time validity. This is because social norms change over time; behaviour that was once seen as abnormal may be acceptable and vice versa. For example, drink driving was once considered acceptable but is now seen as socially unacceptable whereas homosexuality has changed the other way. Until 1980 homosexuality was considered a psychological disorder but is considered acceptable today. This is a weakness because it means abnormality cannot be judged across eras. Another definition is failure to function adequately. Under this definition a person is considered abnormal if they are unable to cope with the demands of everyday life. They may be unable to perform the behaviours necessary for day to day living e.g. self-care, holding down a job, interacting meaningfully with others and making themselves...
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...PSYC 101 Final Exam Question 1 Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwcampus.com/shop/psyc-101-final-exam/ 1. Which of these is true of brain development? Dendrite branching accelerates during infancy Myelination takes place during infancy There is an increase in synaptic connections during childhood All of the above are true 2 points Question 2 1. A(n) _____ is any agent that causes a birth defect. androgen teratogen proestrogen estrogen 2 points Question 3 1. According to Piaget, assimilation occurs when individuals _____. adjust their schemas to new information incorporate new information into existing schemas are deprived of parental warmth and sensitivity are insecurely attached to their caregivers 2 points Question 4 1. Which of the following is the correct sequence of the stages of prenatal development? Conception, zygote, embryonic period, fetal period Conception, embryonic period, zygote, fetal period Conception, fetal period, embryonic period, zygote Conception, fetal period, zygote, embryonic period 2 points Question 5 1. Which theory of aging has focused on the role of chronic stress in reducing immune system functioning? Erikson's theory of socioemotional development Free-radical theory Cellular-clock theory Hormonal stress theory 2 points Question 6 1. Which researcher tracked individuals who had experienced bereavement, and looked at their patterns...
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