...Mechanical properties of PS injected parts under surface-active substances Journal: Manuscript ID: Division or Special Interest Group: Presentation Preference: Paper Type: Date Submitted by the Author: Complete List of Authors: Page 1 of 5 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PS INJECTED PARTS UNDER SURFACEACTIVE SUBSTANCES (1) The main objective of this work was to develop the influence of surface-active substances in the mechanical properties of injected plastic parts in presence of cracks, a tension test and a constant load. The material used was Polystyrene and the surface-active substances were olive oil and corporal sweat. This study was conducted because it was observed that the surface-active substances affects the mechanical properties of the resin as well as the presence of cracks, and actually is not reported any methodology for conducting this study. Experimental Part For this study, there were injected 110.5*85.5*1 mm plates in a REED-Prentice 100 TE (Clamp Force = 100 ton) injection machine with an injection mold with two similar cavities, but with a different located entrance. The used material was a Polystyrene PS-2820 from Estirenos del Zulia (Table 1). In table 2 are showed the used optimal process conditions. Notches were mechanized in each plate with a saw. The normalized tensile test specimens were cut with a milling machine. It was used a Galdabini 2500 universal test machine to make mechanical tests, and a Starrett Sigma VB300 stereoscopic magnifying...
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...‘Madness bubbles under the surface of the play, providing great comedy and risking tragedy.’ To what degree are the central characters in some way mad, or verging on madness? In Shakespeare’s ‘Twelfth Night’ the madness being referred to in the title could describe mayhem, silliness, uproar and risky behaviour. No one is truly insane; however a number of characters are accused of being mad and certainly psychologically unstable, and a current of insanity or zaniness runs through the action of the play. Throughout ‘Twelfth Night’, madness could be perceived to be bubbling under the surface. We see this from the opening line ‘If music be the food of love, play on. ’ Orsino is perhaps showing some of the symptoms of madness such as obsession. Immediately the audience is alerted to the potential madness to follow; the line acts as a means for Shakespeare to foreshadow future madness. It seems there is obvious psychological instability here. Shakespeare introduces the idea of love-sickness and makes us aware that love will be the basis for the majority of madness within the play. It is clear that Shakespeare wanted to demonstrate the potential madness has to lead characters into great sadness or despair, shown in various forms such as obsessive behaviour, excess and addiction, madness of love, grief and inflexible belief. Madness in ‘Twelfth Night’ is multi-dimensional. It creates seemingly conflicting consequences it succeeds in creating comedy and threatening tragedy. Probably...
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...SURFACE WELL TESTING By Karrym Rebay Vol. 1 Preface This is a paper that has been produced to help you better understand and work with the equipment you are familiar with and presently operating on your particular Well Test Unit. It will give you more knowledge about, not only the operation, but also the maintenance and calibration techniques that will help you become more familiar with your own equipment. Paper Content 1. PAPER DESCRIPTION 2. IDENTIFYING A STANDARD WELLTEST PACKAGE AND ITS COMPONENTS 3. EQUIPMENT OPERATION AND FLOWING CONDITIONS 4. SAFETY AROUND YOUR EQUIPMENT 5. CALIBRATION AND MAINTENANCE 6. CALCULATING FLOW RATES 7. GLOSSARY – Exploration & Production Terms 8. CONVERSIONS & TABLES Paper Description This paper describes the specific conditions under which well tests must be performed, lists the surface testing equipment used to perform these well tests, summarizes how this equipment is used to collect samples at the surface and lists several examples that influence the layout of surface equipment. A reservoir test can only be performed under certain conditions. This means the reservoir must be exposed to a disturbance that will cause the reservoir pressure to change. This pressure change, when recorded and interpreted along with the measured flow rates, will give us information about well and reservoir parameters and geometry. A pressure disturbance...
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...New York State Common Core 6 GRADE Mathematics Curriculum GRADE 6 • MODULE 5 Table of Contents1 Area, Surface Area, and Volume Problems Module Overview .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Topic A: Area of Triangles, Quadrilaterals, and Polygons (6.G.A.1) .................................................................... 13 Lesson 1: The Area of Parallelograms Through Rectangle Facts ............................................................ 15 Lesson 2: The Area of Right Triangles ..................................................................................................... 31 Lesson 3: The Area of Acute Triangles Using Height and Base ............................................................... 41 Lesson 4: The Area of All Triangles Using Height and Base .................................................................... 56 Lesson 5: The Area of Polygons Through Composition and Decomposition .......................................... 67 Lesson 6: Area in the Real World............................................................................................................ 87 Topic B: Polygons on the Coordinate Plane (6.G.A.3) ......................................................................................... 95 Lesson 7: Distance on the Coordinate Plane .................................................................
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...three major parts-the land part or lithosphere, the water part or hydrosphere and the air part or atmostpere. The lithosphere is the surface on which you live . It is also the earth solid sphere consisting mainly of massive rocks. The massive rocks form large land masses called continent and small island groups . Different land form such as mountains,hills,valleys,plateaus and plains make up the lithosphere. The hydrosphere include all water forms such as oceans,seas,rivers,lakes,and groundwater found beneath the earth. Geologists or scientists who specialize on the history and composition of earth study carefully these two major parts of the earth. They study the different layers of the earth and what each layer is made of. You see only the surface of the earth – the oceans, seas, rivers, rocks, and soil. They cover the earth just like the thick peeling of the pomelo or orange fruit. When you cut open the pomelo, you see layers of pulp inside it. If the earth were cut open, you will see that it is made of three layers. They are the crust, matle and the core. The topmost layer of the earth is the crust which is made of solid rock. It is thicker under the continents; approximately between 11 to 35 kilometres. But under the oceans, it can be 5 to 12 kilometres thick only. At the lower boundary of the crust is the mohorovicic discontinuity or moho;...
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...property. Flames behave differently under various conditions which include: the oxygen available, combustible material, orientation of surfaces, etc. this a complex phenomena which is influenced by multiple factors that includes ignition, heat release rate, flame spread and the generation of different products of combustion like carbon IV oxide and carbon II oxide. The research was performed by studying various sources in the library and in the internet and also performing experiments to simulate a real life situation. Introduction The Fire Problem The flammability of a material is a complex event which is influenced by multiple factors that includes ignition, heat release rate, flame spread and the generation of different products of combustion like carbon IV oxide and carbon II oxide. In order to better protect the people and property from risk posed by the unwanted fires, it become necessary to understands all these factors under different conditions. Babrauskas and Vytenis 1992 suggested that heat release rate is the main variable in fire hazard; but Kashiwagi and Ito argued effectively that, the flame spread over the surface of combustible material such a wall and a floor is the main variable responsible for the growth of fire at the initial stages of fire. In addition, the angle of orientation of the combustible material has been found to contribute to the flame spread; specifically, upward flame spread on a vertical surface has been recognized as important...
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...Swimming | Wading through water as a means of getting from point A to point B. | Sun-Bathing | Prolonged on top of flat surface under the heating lamp with all four claws and neck stretched out. | Stretching | Top two, back two, or all four limbs reaching outward from the shell. | Relaxing | Lying on top of flat surface above the water. Simply resting with no means of being aware of its surroundings. | Sleeping | A period of rest, above or under the water, where the animal is not consciously aware of the environment. | Hiding | Concealed under or behind an object larger than the animal. Such as the cave, filter, or palm tree decoration. | Climbing | Ascending upwards using all four claws of the rocky surface to get above water. | Running | Rapidly traveling on foot on a stable surface by means of getting from point A to point B. | Walking | Slow travel on foot on a stable surface by means of getting from point A to point B. | Alert | Closely watching and being extremely conscious of the environment and surroundings. Usually after seeing or hearing an unusual being. | Floating | Hovering with shell and head protruding from the water, while the bottom of the shell and claws are underwater. | Clawing | To touch the rock roughly and continue to move claws back and forth. | Creeping | Paranoid, walking incredibly slowly across surfaces under or above water. | Chewing | Grinding food (shrimp, krill, and sticks) with teeth inside of mouth. | Swallowing | Taking...
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...this paper is to study and experimentally quantify the cam and follower wear mechanisms of a diesel direct valve-gear. Camshafts are made of nodular cast iron, surface hardened, ion nitrided and nitrosulphurized, and those made of grey chilled cast iron are mated with followers made of chilled grey cast iron and hardened steel. The investigation was carried out on a laboratory bench equipped with an engine head with a camshaft, followers and systems creating the conditions necessary for a routine run of the valve gear. Cam wear was defined by comparing the profile lifts of the cams. The height of the followers was measured using a coordinative measuring machine and a perpendicular optimeter. The rotational speed, valve displacement and the torque required by the valve gear were measured. Camshaft C9 and the thimble shaped followers with regulating plates F6 were also examined in a diesel engine. The effects of the materials the kinematic pair was made of, heat treatment and thermochemical treatment, the cams’ own stresses at the moment-of-friction value, as well as the extent and nature of element wear, were analysed. q 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. Keywords: Wear mechanism; Cams and followers; Diesel engine; Properties of the materials 1. Introduction A cam–follower kinematic pair works under complicated conditions of mechanical load, and wears during operation....
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...1. Introduction Plasma nitriding (PN) is a common low temperature thermo-chemical surface treatment that is applied to the machine parts and tools made of steels, aluminum alloys and titanium alloys to increase their reliability and performance[1,2]. In this process, a plasma is developed around the workpiece within a chamber by application of a high electric potential between anode (earth-connected chamber wall) and the cathode (the workpiece) in a low pressure N2-H2 atmosphere. N-containing ions and/or radicals are produced within the plasma. Ions accelerate to the cathode where they discharge or dissociate and resulting nitrogen atoms are introduced and diffuse into the surface. Sputtering caused by surface bombardment with ions within...
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...thin that makes the weather sort of rainy as result. That is why people live in Kunming always say "the sunny days in Kunming will never last long" as a joke. In fact, about 50% of the Kunming quasi will mostly formed during winter. Its frontal surface locates between Kunming and Guiyang in the direction of Northwest----Southeast. January and April are the peak seasons of Kunming quasi but almost disappear in July and August which is no more than 3 days in average. In fact, most of the Kunming quasi-stationary front were not quite stationary at all. Instate, they are waving in a limit area. What is more, it will move towards South in the daytime and back up north at night. The weaker Kunming quasi is, the more intensely movements it will be. The slope of the frontal surface would be considering as small which usually less then 1/250 but great area that it will cover. The temperature, sunshine, wind and relative humidity are discontinuous between the frontal surfaces. The same situation as the climates. For example, most of the area in the Southwest of frontal surface is under the effect of Single warm air which has a wide expanse of clear, sunlit sky in a higher average temperature as 7.7℃ in January while the other side is under the cold air zone where has both 5.0℃ as average...
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...OWNERS GUIDE Ceramic Glass Cooktop Radiant Surface Elements Electronic Oven Control - ES III Self Cleaning Oven Feature READ AND SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS Contents Product Registration ......................................................... 2 Versión en español ........................................................... 2 IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS ............................... 3-4 Setting Surface Controls ................................................ 5-6 Setting Warm Zone Controls (if equipped) ....................... 7 Setting Warmer Drawer Controls (if equipped) ................ 8 Before Setting Oven Controls ........................................... 9 Control Pad Functions .................................................... 10 Setting the Clock and Minute Timer ............................... 11 Setting Oven Controls ............................................... 12-15 Self-Cleaning ............................................................. 16-17 General Cleaning ....................................................... 18-20 Customizing Your Oven Performance ............................. 21 Changing Cooktop and/or Oven Lights .......................... 21 Avoid Service Checklist .............................................. 22-23 Warranty ......................................................................... 24 ELECTRIC RANGE This Owner's Guide contains general operating instructions for your range and feature information for...
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...used to illustrate the volcanic activity or phenomena either on the earth's surface or beneath it. According to Monkhouse, the term 'Vulcanicity' is very comprehensive and broad. It includes all the processes by which solid, liquid or gaseous materials present beneath the earth's surface are forced into the earth's crust or escape on to the surface. The phenomenon of Vulcanicity is associated both with periods of earth movement and also with the main areas of crustal instability. In the opinion of Woodridge and Morgan, the implication of the term vulcanicity is very wide. It covers all those processes in which molten rock material or magma rises into the crust or is poured out on its surface, there to solidify as a crystalline or semi-crystalline rock. In either case, this activity (vulcanicity) may have a profound effect on surface features. It may be pointed out that there are two forms of vulcanicity: intrusive and extrusive. A volcano, on the other hand, is the resultant effect of the process of vulcanicity. A. Holmes has defined a volcano as under: "A volcano is essentially a fissure or vent, communicating with the interior, from which flows of lava, fountains of incandescent (red-hot) spray, or explosive bursts of gases and volcanic ashes are erupted at the surface". In other words, any opening in the crust of the earth that allows molten rock-forming materials to reach the surface is properly called a volcano. The deposits of Lava surrounding the vent area...
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...Water drainage techniques, materials, processes and maintenance (Name of Student) (Name of Institution) Water drainage techniques, materials, processes and maintenance Under ordinary conditions rain water seeps into the ground and forms underground water. Most of the water that falls as rain soaks into the ground or gets carried away by rivers. But in urban areas, the built environment alters the natural drainage of water, with hard surfaces increasing both the rate and amount of rainwater that turns into run-off. And it has to go somewhere. Traditional piped ‘drains’ have a limited capacity to cope with the high levels of surface water generated by extreme rainfall events. And, when the capacity of one or more parts of the drainage system is exceeded, the worst happens. For example, in the floods of June 2007, extreme rainfall in the Midlands and the north of England led to large-scale urban flooding, with over 55,000 properties affected: two thirds of these were from surface water run-off overloading drainage systems. In addition to flood risk, large amounts of surface water run-off can cause water quality problems. As water runs over hard urban surfaces, it picks up pollutants that are washed into water courses. For example, run-off from roads contains heavy metals and hydrocarbons which can seriously impact on water quality. A well planned drainage infrastructure helps to manage water run-off by preventing domestic...
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...Confined Water Dive One Overview Don and adjust equipment Inflate/deflate BCD at surface Breathing underwater Regulator recovery Regulator clearing Clearing a partially flooded mask Underwater swimming Submersible pressure gauge use Alternate air source use Hand signals Ascents Fun and skill practice Exit and debrief Performance Requirements: By the end of this confined water dive, the student will be able to: 1. Don and adjust mask, fins, snorkel, BCD, scuba and weights with the assistance of a buddy, instructor or certified assistant. 2. Inflate/deflate a BCD at the surface using the low-pressure inflator. 3. In shallow water, demonstrate proper compressed air breathing habits; remembering to breathe naturally and not hold the breath. 4. In shallow water, clear a regulator while underwater using both the exhalation and purge-button methods and resume breathing from it. 5. In shallow water, recover a regulator hose from behind the shoulder while underwater. 6. In shallow water, clear a partially flooded mask while underwater. 7. Swim underwater with scuba equipment while maintaining control of both direction and depth, properly equalizing the ears and mask to accommodate depth changes. 8. While underwater, locate and read the submersible pressure gauge and signal whether the air supply is adequate or low based on the gauge’s caution zone. 9. In shallow water, breathe underwater for at least 30 seconds from an alternate air source supplied...
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...professor of marine biology and an enthusiastic hobby diver. I have invented a valve for a snorkel. [002] All too often, a breathtaking coral reef seduces the snorkeller to dive deeper under water. When the free end of a conventional snorkel submerges, i.e. plunges completely below the water surface, its breathing tube fills with water. Upon resurfacing the snorkeller has then to blow the breathing tube free of water before drawing another breath through the snorkel. Different snorkel valves are on the market, which prevent water from entering the breathing tube. These snorkel valves automatically close the free end of the snorkel when the snorkel submerges. [003] The most well-known of these snorkel valves is sold by Nemo Tubes Ltd. under the name "Nautilus". Fig. 1 shows a snorkel equipped with a Nautilus valve. Figs. 2A-2C show a Nautilus valve in use. [004] Snorkel 1 has a J-shaped breathing tube 2 with a mouthpiece 3 at one end. At the other end of the breathing tube 2, a tube portion 5 of a mushroom-shaped snorkel valve 4 is releasably fixed. Alternatively, the tube portion 5 may be integrally formed with the breathing tube 2. [005] The tube portion 5 opens into a hemispherical end piece 6. As can be seen from Figs. 1 and 2A, several openings 8 are provided in the flat surface 7 of the end piece 6. Through these openings 8 breathing air can flow towards the mouthpiece 3 via the end piece 6, the tube portion 5 and the breathing tube 2. 2009/A(E/M)/e/1 -2[006]...
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