Free Essay

Unit 1 Chapter Exercise

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Chapter 1 1. Free software is a matter of the users' freedom to run, copy, distribute, study, change and improve the software. a. The freedom to run the program, for any purpose. b. The freedom to study how the program works, and adapt it to your needs. Access to the source code is a precondition for this. c. The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor. 2. The Free Software Foundation (FSF) is a nonprofit with a worldwide mission to promote computer user freedom and to defend the rights of all free software users. a. Linux is an operating system. It is the software on a computer that enables applications and the computer operator to access the devices on the computer to perform desired functions. The operating system (OS) relays instructions from an application to, for instance, the computer's processor. The processor performs the instructed task, and then sends the results back to the application via the operating system. 3. The GNU Hurd is not suitable for production use. The capability-based design has problems that result directly from the flexibility of the design, and it is not clear whether solutions exist. Fortunately, another kernel was available. In 1991, Linus Torvalds developed a Unix-compatible kernel and called it Linux. In 1992, he made Linux free software; combining Linux with the not-quite-complete GNU system resulted in a complete free operating system. It is due to Linux that we can actually run a version of the GNU system today. This system version is called GNU/Linux, to express its composition as a combination of the GNU system with Linux as the kernel.

Chapter 2 1. Installing Fedora/RHEL is the process of copying operating system files from a CD, DVD, or USB flash drive to hard disk(s) on a system and setting up configuration files so Linux runs properly on the hardware. Several types of installations are possible, including fresh installations, upgrades from older releases of Fedora/RHEL, and dual-boot installations.

Chapter 3 1. A live CD or DVD is a live CD or DVD containing an operating system for computer bootable. A Live CD/DVD contains an operating system that is able to run itself on a modern computer ignoring the presence of another storage device, such as internal hard disk. Live USB devices are similar to the live CD, but with the ability to store changes and contents within the same device. a. Advantages are that you don’t need to install on your hard disk and take up space. 2. Put the /boot at the beginning of the drive (partition 1) so that there is no issue of Linux having to boot from a partition too far into the drive. 3. This depends entirely on the distribution and/or how the user has set it up; there is no "default." Some distributions will start it automatically after all the other daemons have launched, while others will require the user to log in via a traditional login prompt and start the X server manually.

Chapter 11 1. In single user mode, only the console user may be logged in, though the user can edit files and execute multiple programs simultaneously (multi-tasking in other words). In full multi-user mode, dozens, hundreds or even thousands of users may be logged into a single Linux machine simultaneously, each user editing files and executing multiple programs simultaneously (each user may run multiple tasks simultaneously). 2. SU = Substitute User. You can access utility logs and enable other users to gain access to specific commands. You can run sudo to gain access if you don’t know the password. Again by accessing Sudo. 3. A safe password would be a mix of letters capitol and lowercase, numbers and symbols. Maybe a pass phrase or random mix that can be remembered.

The GNU Operating System. (n.d.). The GNU Operating System. Retrieved December 20, 2012, from http://www.gnu.org/
Free software is a matter of liberty, not price — Free Software Foundation — working together for free software. (n.d.). Free Software Foundation — Free Software Foundation — working together for free software. Retrieved December 20, 2012, from http://www.fsf.org/about/
What Is Linux: An Overview of the Linux Operating System. (n.d.).www.linux.com. Retrieved December 20, 2012, from https://www.linux.com
About the GNU Project - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF). (n.d.).The GNU Operating System. Retrieved December 20, 2012, from http://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.htm
About the GNU Project - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF). (n.d.). The GNU Operating System. Retrieved December 20, 2012, from http://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html
Installing Linux. (n.d.). Sobell Books. Retrieved December 20, 2012, from http://www.sobell.com
Live System - Dreamlinux Wiki. (n.d.). The Dreamlinux Forum Community - Index. Retrieved December 20, 2012, from http://www.dreamlinuxforums.org/wiki/index.php?title=Live_System
What does the process of installing an operating system such as fedora rhel involve. (n.d.). The Q&A wiki. Retrieved December 20, 2012, from http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_does_the_process_of_installing_an_operating_system_such_as_fedora_rhel_involve
When does a Linux system start X by default. (n.d.). The Q&A wiki. Retrieved December 20, 2012, from http://wiki.answers.com/Q/When_does_a_Linux_system_start_X_by_default

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