Unit 1
Business enviroment

Sole traider is a type of busniess that is owned and run by one individual and there is no legal distinction between the owner and the business. The owner has the respobsibility for all losses and debts and they receive all profits.

Partnership is formed between one or more businesses. Owners share profits and losses.
Private limited companies are run by a small group of people. It’s a type of company that offers limited liability to its shareholders that places certain restrictions on its ownership. Public limited company is a company that securities are traded on a stock exchange and can be bought and sold by anyone. Public companies are strictly regulated, and are required by law to publish their complete and true financial position so that investors can determine the true worth of its stock
Private limited company companies are small- to medium-sized businesses that are often run by a family or small group of owners. Owners and managers draw salaries and are only liable for the business up to the amount that they have invested in the company, and are not liable for the debts incurred by the company unless signing a personal guarantee.
Co-operatives is controlled and operated by a group of users for their own benefit. Each member is equal and shares in the control of the firm on the basis of one-member, one-vote principle

Franchising is the practice of using another business model. It’s an alternative to building chain stores to distribute goods and avoid investment and liability over a chain. Franchising gives a bigger chance of becoming greater incentive than a direct employee as they will have a direct stake in the business.

Voluntary is a type of business where it’s not done for any profit. The purpose is to work for helping. As an example charity.

Introduction
I have selected two businesses on the oppisite ends of the business spectrum. I am going to explain their puposes and their industrial sectors with explanation and examples. For these two businesses I have choisen Sainsbury’s and Subway. Sainsbury’s is based on grocery where as Subway provides fast food.

Sainsbury’s

Sainsbury’s is public limited company and its the third largest chain of supermarkets in the United Kingdom with a share of the UK supermarket sector of 16.3%. The group's head office is in the Sainsbury's Store Support Centre in Holborn Circus, City of London. The group also has interests in property and banking.

Sainsbury's was founded in 1869 by John James Sainsbury and his wife Mary Ann, in London and grew rapidly during the Victorian era. It become the largest grocery retailer in 1922 and had its heyday during the 1980s. In 1995 Tesco overtook Sainsbury's and become the market leader. Then in 2003 Asda became the second largest which put Sainsbury's into third place.

The founding Sainsbury family still retain approximately 15% of J Sainsbury plc shares, through various trusts. The family sold down their stake from 35% in 2005. The largest family shareholders are Lord Sainsbury of Turville with 5.83% and Lord Sainsbury of Preston Candover, who controls just under 3% of the company, and benefits from 1.6% of the equity included in the above.

Sainsbury’s purpose is to provide a retail outlet for the general public to shop at. Specialising in food shopping, but have expanded their business to include many other consumables such as electrical and entertainment items. Their aim is to achieve goals so the business makes profit also increases their sales. Sainsbury’s is aiming to grow and maintain the number one retail company in the U.K which means they are in competition with the other retailers like Asda, Tesco and Somerfield etc.

Subway

On 1965 in Bridgeport, Connecticut,a 17-year-old high school graduate Fred DeLuca, was looking for a way to make enough money to pay for his university tuition. Family friend Dr. Buck suggested to Fred that he open a submarine sandwich shop to earn his money for education.

With $1,000 credit from Dr. Buck, the partnership was formed and Pete's Super Submarines opened in August 1965. The first year was diffucult. It was a way to experience and learn about the business as they haven’t had experience from before however they become successful and opened their second location a year later and rapidly realised that. The third outlet was in a highly visible location and it's still serving sandwiches today. The name was shortened from Pete's Super Submarines to SUBWAY and the familiar bright yellow logo was introduced.

Then they decided to formulate a business plan that outlined the SUBWAY chain's goals. In an effort to reach those goals, SUBWAY outlets began franchising, giving others the opportunity to succeed in their own business venture. The first SUBWAY franchise opened in Connecticut in 1974.
The purpose of subway is to create franchise opputinities, to make profit, to provide health food unlike their competitors.
2000 Subway was all about healthy eating. Unlike their competitors where they sell unhealthy food and fat. They developed and improved products to deliver on the promise and generate energy. The fiber in the bread was increased, trans fats were removed, and line of carb-controlled wraps with under 5 grams of fat introduced. Subway also tries their best to give opputinities for franchiesing. They have helps on their website about it and they explain the ways this could be done. They also provide a link where you could own a franchise. Their another pupose is making profit which they try to persuade more people to eat from subway. They do service provicion and they do this by offering different tastes. They make sure they bring out a new sandwhich or a desert regualerly.