...AFRICA VS UNITED STATES In our world each country has a set of standards to follow in order to establish health care insurance for people in different communities. The state contributes about 40% of all the expenditures on health while the public health sector delivers 80% of the population. Many resources are concentrated in the private health sector. These resources see to the health needs of the remaining 20% of the population. Public health consumes around 11% of the government’s total budget. The way the resources are allotted, and the standard of health care delivered, varies from country to country. Although there are similarities between South Africa and the United States regarding healthcare, South Africa remains at a lower level than the United States because of funding, education, medical supplies, and equipment/ machines to complete diagnostic testing. South Africa has a private and public healthcare system. There are more than 200 private hospitals owned by different private physicians or large corporations. Private hospitals have 24,537 beds while public hospitals have 110,143, according to David Hidler of PHNP. Public health care is free to pregnant women and children under the age of six. Other patients receiving care pay on a fee for service basis. This means that the patient’s pays for only treatment received while under the physicians care. The gross inequity between the two sectors has led health ministers to threaten regulation that requires the private...
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...PROJECT REPORT ON MEDICAL TOURISM WITH REFERENCE TO INDIA Origin and Evolution of Medical Tourism Medical tourism is actually thousands of years old. In ancient Greece, pilgrims and patients came from all over the Mediterranean to the sanctuary of the healing god, Asklepios, at Epidaurus. In Roman Britain, patients took the waters at a shrine at Bath, a practice that continued for 2,000 years. From the 18th century wealthy Europeans travelled to spas from Germany to the Nile. Since the early nineteenth century, when there were no restrictions on travel in Europe, people visited neighboring countries in order to improve their health. At first, mere traveling was considered to be a good therapy for mental and physical well-being. In the 21st century, relatively low-cost jet travel has taken the industry beyond the wealthy and desperate. Later, mostly wealthy people began traveling to tourist destinations like the Swiss lakes, the Alps and special tuberculosis sanatoriums, where professional and often specialized medical care was offered. In this century, however, medical tourism expanded to a much larger scale. Thailand, followed by India, Puerto-Rico, Argentina, Cuba and others quickly became the most popular destinations for medical tourists. Complicated surgeries and dental works, kidney dialysis, organ transplantation and sex changes, topped the list of the most popular procedures. It was estimated that in 2002, six hundred thousand medical tourists came to Bangkok and...
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...e-Commerce and the emerging consumer 30 Focus on travel 36 Focus on autos 40 Focus on healthcare 46 Brands and the emerging consumer in 2015 62 Brazil: Steady decline continues 64 China: A life online 66 India: New government, strong consumer 68 Indonesia: An under-penetrated market 70 Mexico: Structural potential, cyclical hurdles 72 Russia: Dark clouds gather 74 Saudi Arabia: The petro-dollar 76 South Africa: Reduced optimism 81 About the survey 83 Imprint / Disclaimer For more information, please contact: Richard Kersley, Head of Global Securities Products and Themes, Credit Suisse Investment Banking, richard.kersley@credit-suisse.com Michael O’Sullivan, Chief Investment Officer UK & EMEA, Credit Suisse Private Banking & Wealth Management, michael.o’sullivan@credit-suisse.com COVERPHOTO: ISTOCKPHOTO.COM/XAVIERARNAU, PHOTO: ISTOCKPHOTO.COM/ALIJA 78 Turkey: Subdued but stable EMERGING CONSUMER SURVEY 2015_3 Editorial We are delighted to publish the fifth edition of the Credit Suisse Research Institute’s “Emerging Consumer Survey.” To undertake the project, we have again partnered with global market research firm Nielsen, which has conducted on our behalf nearly 16,000 face-to-face interviews with consumers across nine key emerging economies – Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and South Africa. We have built a unique and accessible multi-year database profiling the fortunes and intentions...
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...Economy of South Africa - Throughout this article, the unqualified term "dollar" and the $ symbol refer to the US dollar. The economy of South Africa has a two tiered economy; one rivaling other developed countries and the other with only the most basic infrastructure. It is therefore a productive and industrialised economy that exhibits many characteristics associated with developing countries, including a division of labour between formal and informal sectors and an uneven distribution of wealth and income. The primary sector, based on manufacturing, services, mining, and agriculture, is well developed. South Africa's transportation infrastructure is among the best in Africa, supporting both domestic and regional needs. OR Tambo International Airport serves as a hub for flights to other Southern African and International countries. South Africa also has several major ports that make it the central point for most trade in the Southern African region. Economy of South Africa Cape Town CBD Rank Currency Fiscal year Trade organizations Statistics GDP $277.4 billion (2009) (nominal; 32nd) $488.6 billion (2009) (PPP; 25th) 32nd Rand (ZAR) Calendar year WTO, G-20, SACU and others Contents 1 History 2 Sectors 2.1 Telecommunications 2.2 Agriculture 3 Trade and investment 4 Complicating factors 4.1 Human capital flight 4.2 The electrical crisis 5 Economic policy 5.1 GEAR 5.2 Inflation targeting and GDP growth 5.3 Financial policy 6 Environment 7 Social services GDP growth...
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...Medical or Health tourism has become a common form of vacationing, and covers a broad spectrum of medical services. It mixes leisure, fun and relaxation together with wellness and healthcare. The global health care industry is valued at $ 2.8 tn. The market for health tourism is estimated to be $67 bn, growing at a rate 20% per annum. It can be divided into three broad segments: 1. Surgeries like orthopedic surgery, heart by-pass surgery, cancer therapy, eye surgery, organ transplantation. 2. Plastic surgery or cosmetic surgery. 3. Health spas, weight loss exercise centers, hot springs and holistic treatment including wellness therapies. Different countries have become preferred destination in each of these segments for medical tourist. India is a preferred destination for heart, orthopedic, eye and neurosurgeries. Eye surgery kidney dialysis and organ transplantation are among the most common treatments sought by medical tourist in Thailand and according to the Health Ministry, in 2004 the country attracted 600,000 medical tourists, who generated 20 billion baht in revenue. As a result, Asia’s medical tourism industry could generate over US$4.4 billion a year by 2012, with India, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia and South Korea the top destinations. Tourist arrivals from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in Malaysia alone totalled 29,606 in 2005, an increase of almost 40 per cent from the figure in 2004.Tourists from the UAE, did not require visas to enter Malaysia...
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...Epidemiology Paper Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease that predominantly affects the respiratory system but has capability of affecting and damaging all organs. In the past this disease has been referred to as Pott's disease, Consumption, scrofula, phthisis, and the White Plague ("History of," 2014). There are many theories regarding the origins of this disease. Popular theory states this disease originated under 6000 years ago and the first human acquired case was in Africa less than 5000 years ago ("History of," 2014). From Africa it spread over trade routes and also spread to animals such as cows and dogs ("History of," 2014). Sea lions and seals breeding on African beaches are believed to be the carriers of TB across the Atlantic ocean to South America where it then was spread to hunters thus introducing the first cases of TB to the western world ("History of," 2014). TB is caused by a mycobacterium named Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Symptoms of TB are chest pain, hemoptysis, cough lasting 3 weeks or longer, weakness, fatigue, appetite and weight loss, chills, fever and night sweats ("Tuberculosis (TB)," 2014). TB’s mode of transmission is airborne through small microscopic droplets that travel through the air after a person with the disease in their lungs coughs, speaks or sings or sneezes ("Tuberculosis (TB)," 2014). Latent and active TB are the two different types of TB conditions one may experience after exposure. Latent TB infection occurs in an individual who has...
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...Workplace,Business & Ethics on evaluation of job ethical standards in Wal-Mart in South Carolina In Partial Fulfillment of Business Research and Project BUS 499 Nagliesha L Miles Supervisor: Dr. Mmutakaego Chukwuanu Allen University Date: December 8,2010 Table of content Table of Content...............................................................................................................2 Abstract............................................................................................................................3 List of Illustrations Wal-Mart earnings preview......................................................................................13 U.S Retail food pricing.................................................................................14 Chapter 1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................5 Background information.......................................................................................5 Statement of problem............................................................................................5 Hypothesis............................................................................................................6 Chapter 2 Literature Review...........................................................................................................8 Chapter 3 Methodology.................................................
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...creations of multiple nations, although some bilateral financial institutions exist and are technically IFIs. Many of these are multilateral development banks (MDB). WHAT ARE INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS (IFI’S)? World Bank Group (WBG): * International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) * International Development Association (IDA) * International Finance Corporation (IFC) * Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) * International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) International Monetary Fund (IMF) Regional development banks, such as: * African Development Bank (AFDB) * Asian Development Bank (ADB) * Inter-American Development Bank (IADB) * Bank of the South * European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) Other regional financial institutions e.g. European Investment Bank (EIB) Export Credit Agencies of individual country governments, such as: 1. US Export Import Bank (EXIM) 2. Japan External Trade Organization Hermes Kreditversicherungs (Germany) INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS: Their common goal…… * to reduce global poverty and improve people's living conditions and standards; * to support sustainable economic, social and institutional development; and * to promote regional cooperation and integration. WORLD BANK GROUP:...
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...ORIGINAL Afr J Psychiatry 2010;13:116-124 Mental Health Stigma: What is being done to raise awareness and reduce stigma in South Africa? 1 R Kakuma1,2,3, S Kleintjes3, C Lund3, N Drew4, A Green5, AJ Flisher3,6, MHaPP Research Programme Consortium7 Health Systems Research and Consulting Unit, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada 2Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada 3Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa 4Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland 5Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development (NCIHD), University of Leeds, United Kingdom 6Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Bergen, Norway 7The Mental Health and Poverty Project (MHaPP) is a Research Programme Consortium (RPC) funded by the UK Department for International Development (DfID)(RPC HD6 2005- 2010) for the benefit of developing countries. The views expressed are not necessarily those of DfID. RPC members include Alan J. Flisher (Director) and Crick Lund (Co-ordinator) (University of Cape Town, Republic of South Africa (RSA)); Therese Agossou, Natalie Drew, Edwige Faydi and Michelle Funk (World Health Organization); Arvin Bhana (Human Sciences Research Council, RSA); Victor Doku (Kintampo Health Research Centre, Ghana); Andrew Green and Mayeh Omar (University of Leeds, UK); Fred Kigozi (Butabika Hospital, Uganda); Martin Knapp (University of London,...
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...Gay Organs, Straight Blood Currently in the United States, any male that has had sex with another male, is banned from donating blood for life. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has had lifetime deferral policies in place since the early 1980’s and official policies in place since the early 1990’s. The policies were put in to place due to FDA’s views on risk and transmission of HIV in male to male sexual contact (MSM). Theses policies have been heavily debated for some time. Some major arguments come in to play such as standard precautions for all, as well as double standards and codes of ethics. The U.S. FDA must make extreme changes to their risk assessment policies for all donors to appropriately keep up with modern day society. Why is it that bisexual and homosexual males, are able to be living donors, as well as be donors post mortem, but cannot donate blood? When it comes to the healthcare field, there is a term branded into all workers minds, “universal precaution”. This term means that as a health care worker, you must treat all patients as potentially having a transmittable or communicable disease, even if the case isn’t confirmed. These precautions or rules are in place to protect patients and workers from any possibility of transmitting or spreading any germs/infectious diseases. When it comes to the prescreening process for blood donation, all potential donors are required to answer a set of questions, as noted by the Human Rights Campaign, “to determine risk...
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...Dehra Van Kuiken, Myra Martz Huth ital signs (VS) are indicators of physiological functioning and include temperature, respiratory rate, fieart rate (pulse), and blood pressure (BP). Health care professionals measure VS to assess, monitor, evaluate, and document an individual's physiological status or change in condition (Royal College of Nursing, 2011). Depending on the individual's condition, VS are monitored and recorded routinely by policy, tradition, or expert opinion, whether needed or not (Evans, Hodgkinson, & Berry, 2001; Zeitz & McCutcheon, 2006). Five years ago, pédiatrie nurse leaders and evidencebased practice (EBP) experts from children's hospitals across the country voiced concerns about the frequency of VS at a National Summit for Pédiatrie and Adolescent EvidenceBased Practice (Melnyk et al., 2007). This summit resulted in our team formulating a clinical question, searching for the evidence, critically appraising the evidence, and formulating conclusions on normal parameters. Before the question on the frequency of ys could be addressed, two fundamental questions needed exploration, and thus, became the focus of our work. The questions are: • Among pédiatrie patient ages 1 through 5 years, what are "normal" VS parameters? • Among pédiatrie patient ages 1 through 5 years, what is a signifieant elinical change in VS? The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the best evidence for normative parameters for VS in healthy children 1 to 5 years of age and what...
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...ISI, IBSS & SA DHET - FOR 2012 SUBMISSION TITLE LIST COUNTRY ISSN E-ISSN PUBLISHER'S DETAILS Subject classifaction International Accreditation - SA JOURNALS 4Or-A Quarterly Journal Of Operations Research ISI SCIENCE A + U-Architecture And Urbanism ISI ARTS & HUMANITIES A Contrario IBSS Aaa-Arbeiten Aus Anglistik Und Amerikanistik ISI ARTS & HUMANITIES Aaohn Journal ISI SCIENCE Aaohn Journal ISI SOC SCIENCE Aapg Bulletin ISI SCIENCE Aaps Journal ISI SCIENCE Aaps Pharmscitech ISI SCIENCE Aatcc Review ISI SCIENCE Abacus: Journal Of Accounting, Finance And Business Studies IBSS Abacus-A Journal Of Accounting Finance And Business StudiesISI SOC SCIENCE Abdominal Imaging ISI SCIENCE Abhandlungen Aus Dem Mathematischen Seminar Der UniversISI SCIENCE Abstract And Applied Analysis ISI SCIENCE Abstracts Of Papers Of The American Chemical Society ISI SCIENCE Academia-Revista Latinoamericana De Administracion ISI SOC SCIENCE Academic Emergency Medicine ISI SCIENCE Academic Medicine ISI SCIENCE Academic Pediatrics ISI SCIENCE Academic Psychiatry ISI SOC SCIENCE Academic Radiology ISI SCIENCE Academy Of Management Annals ISI SOC SCIENCE Academy Of Management Journal ISI SOC SCIENCE Academy Of Management Journal IBSS Academy Of Management Learning & Education ISI SOC SCIENCE Academy Of Management Perspectives ISI SOC SCIENCE Academy Of Management Perspectives IBSS Academy Of Management Review ISI SOC SCIENCE Academy Of Management Review IBSS Academy Of Marketing Science Review IBSS Acadiensis...
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...Impact of the economic recession on the pharmaceutical sector February 2010 I.M. Buysse (UU) Supervised by: R.O. Laing (WHO) A.K. Mantel (UU) WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY & PHARMACEUTICAL POLICY ANALYSIS Impact of the economic recession on the pharmaceutical sector Table of contents Executive summary ................................................................................................................................. 3 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 6 Background ............................................................................................................................................. 8 History of recessions ............................................................................................................................................................. 8 Asian Crisis 1997-2000 .......................................................................................................................................................... 9 Economic crisis 2008-2009.................................................................................................................................................. 12 WHO involvement in assessing the impact of the recession .............................................................................................. 14 Hypotheses ...................
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...opinions and lets the group make decisions as weak. Alternatively, if we think a leader should be collaborative and focused on making sure decisions arise from the group, we would view someone who is directive as aggressive or a tyrant. our beliefs about how people become leaders affect how we evaluate people’s leadership potential. Believing people are born leaders is likely to result in a focus more on selecIn the same way, tion (identify the right people) rather than on development (develop the people you get). On the other hand, believing that people are made into leaders by their experiences would be more likely to result in a greater focus on making sure people had the right opportunities to develop into leaders. Consider United States Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia’s description of how he picked law clerks, during a discussion at the American University Washington College of Law on April 24, 2009: “I’m going to be picking from the law schools that basically are the hardest to get into. They admit the best and the brightest, and they may not teach very well, but you can’t make a sow’s ear out of a silk purse.”1 He appears to believe that...
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...accordance with the licences issued to them for this purpose. Visit www.ifrro.org to find the reproduction rights organization in your country. Global Employment Trends 2012 / International Labour Office – Geneva: ILO, 2012 1 v. ISBN 978-92-2-124924-5 (print) ISBN 978-92-2-124925-2 (web pdf) International Labour Office employment / unemployment / labour force participation / economic recession / developed countries / developing countries 13.01.3 Also available in French, Tendances mondiales de l’emploi 2012 (978-92-2-224924-4), Geneva, 2012, and Spanish, Tendencias Mundiales del Empleo 2012 (978-92-2-324924-3), Geneva, 2012. ILO Cataloguing in Publication Data The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International Labour Office concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers. The responsibility for opinions expressed in...
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