...CRISIL Young Thought Leader 2011 INDIA’S INFRASTRUCTURE – A BOON OR A BANE Shantanu Kumar Final Year, IRMA, Ahmedabad Page |2 Executive Summary “Infrastructure” has almost been a go-to word for anyone who is discussing about the ways of sustaining India’s economic growth, and with good reason. A casual look at the growth figures of the individual states shows the existence of a direct relationship between the quality of infrastructure and the performance of the state. The states with the best infrastructure attract businesses which creates employment which in turn helps their economy grow. This paper looks at the current scenario in some of the most important sectors and tries to compare it with countries which are widely known to be on the same economic trajectory, viz. Brazil, Russia, China and Mexico. The paper finds that although the progress has been slow, the government has made an attempt to kick start the investment in infrastructure either itself as in creation and maintenance of schools under “Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan” or through the PPP model as done in several highway projects. The issues arising due to poor infrastructure set India’s annual GDP growth back by as much as 1.5% - 2%. This paper shows that the government funding has remained almost constant in most sectors and their increase is unlikely owing to the high fiscal deficit. Hence it is the private investment which will have to fund the infrastructure projects. The government of India recognises...
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...Analysis of Indian Cement Industry 1 • Industry Structure • Regional Scenario • Demand Dynamics • Cost Structure • Ready Mix Concrete (RMC) • Demand • Key Demand Drivers • Supply • Operating Rates • Prices • Profitability • Player Profiles 2 :3 : 13 : 55 : 75 : 86 : 99 : 102 : 132 : 143 : 154 : 161 : 168 Industry Structure 3 Porter five force analysis Industry structure •As of March 2011, the installed cement capacity of large plants in India stands at approximately 284 million tonnes. •This is accounted by around 172 large cement plants. In addition to large cement plants, around 365 mini cement plants account for approximately 11 million tonnes of cement capacity in India. •The industry can be broadly classified into pan-India, regional and marginal players. Pan-India players include large players like Holcim group companies- ACC and Ambuja and Aditya Birla group company- UltraTech Cement (including Samruddhi Cement) . •Companies of both these groups are adding capacities through either greenfield or brownfield expansions. Industry structure •Players whose presence is restricted to one or two regions, with a stronghold in the markets of their respective operations are included in the category of regional players. Key examples of players included in this segment are Jaiprakash Associates (North and Central), Lafarge (concentrated in the East), India Cement (South), Shree Cement •(North), Binani Cement (North), Kesoram Industries (South), OCL (East)...
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...977-01-980-3483-776 Abstract Transport infrastructure provides a basis for economic activities in the rural areas in the long term. But the environment consequences cannot be neglected only foreseeing long term economic benefit. Difficult topography and unstable geology make the road construction difficult in the rural hills of Nepal. Beside, the predominantly absolute poverty in the region realizes the essence of the appropriate approach in the rural road construction. With its approach of constructing rural roads considering environment and rural poverty alleviation measures, Green road approach is proving to be a sustainable way of constructing rural roads. Environment friendly construction techniques, participatory and decentralization approach, optimum utilization of local resources, simple technology, local capacity building and self help efforts justified Green road approach as a best way of constructing rural roads in hill districts of Nepal. The study analyze the different aspects of green roads in Nepal on the basis of the basic themes define in the dictionary of the sustainable development. Keywords: Sustainable, Environment, Participatory, Green roads, Poverty alleviation 1. Introduction Nepal is a predominantly a mountainous country with about 77% of its area lie in the hill and mountain regions. The country is approximately rectangular in shape having an area of 147,181 square kilometers. The north-south length is up to 200km and the east-west length up to 800km long. It has the...
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...element stands on its own. But is also part of the larger picture. It is coordinated by DeitY, implemented by the entire government – both at the Centre and State. The weaving together makes the Mission transformative in totality The Programme: Pulls together many existing schemes. These schemes will be restructured and re-focused. They will be implemented in a synchronized manner. Many elements are only process improvements with minimal cost. The common branding of programmes as Digital India highlights their transformative impact. DIGITAL IND IA Vision of Digital India Centered on 3 Key Areas • Digital Infrastructure as a Utility to Every Citizen • Governance & Services on Demand • Digital Empowerment of Citizens DIGITAL IND IA Vision Area 1: Infrastructure as a Utility to Every Citizen • High speed internet as a core utility • Cradle to grave digital identity -unique, lifelong, online, authenticable • Mobile phone & Bank account enabling participation in digital & financial space • Easy access to a Common Service Centre • Shareable private space on a public cloud • Safe and secure Cyber-space DIGITAL IND IA Vision Area 2: Governance & Services On Demand • Seamlessly...
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...3.0 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS 3.1 The Business Environment (PEST) India economy |Population: |[pic] | |1,173,108,018 (July 2010 est.) | |India is developing into an open-market economy, yet traces of its past autarkic policies remain. Economic | |liberalization, including reduced controls on foreign trade and investment, began in the early 1990s and has | |served to accelerate the country's growth, which has averaged more than 7% per year since 1997. India's | |diverse economy encompasses traditional village farming, modern agriculture, handicrafts, a wide range of | |modern industries, and a multitude of services. Slightly more than half of the work force is in agriculture, | |but services are the major source of economic growth, accounting for more than half of India's output, with | |only one-third of its labor force. India has capitalized on its large educated English-speaking population to| |become a major exporter of information technology services and software workers. An industrial slowdown early| |in 2008, followed by the global financial crisis, led annual GDP growth to slow to 6.5% in 2009, still the | |second highest growth in the world among major economies. India escaped the brunt of the global financial | |crisis because of cautious banking policies and a relatively low dependence...
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...Speedy Hire Plc Executive Summary: After becoming the premier hiring company in tools and equipment in UK Speedy Hire Plc is looking to diversify its business for the growth and future presence in the competitive business environment. This report is about to research the global marketplace for the business sector and develop a revised strategic and tactical marketing plan. I define our marketing goal as “the diversification of the business” by entering into the market as a construction contractor in both target markets 1 and 2 i.e. House building and Infrastructure. The marketing objective focuses on the efficient service and quality by keeping the market’s demand into consideration. To fulfil our objectives company will follow different strategic approaches like cost-leadership, mixed strategy depending upon the target market demand and strengths of the company. The reason for selecting House building and Infrastructure construction as the target market is the past and forecasted growth and the growing demand in these sectors in coming years which provides ample opportunity to do business and gain profit and market share. Situational Analysis: Company profile: Speedy Hire PLC (www.speedyhire.plc.uk and www.speedyhire.co.uk) is the UK’s number one provider of tools and equipment for hire. The company operates from more than 350 depots in the UK and the Republic of Ireland. Speedy was traditionally focused on tool hire, but now also has complementary businesses specialising...
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...communities continue to expand Water Authorities and Agencies are compelled to re-evaluated, re-think and restructure current urban infrastructures. Water professionals must now adapt to the changing and increasing needs of larger populations, larger economies and the consistent growth associated with urbanisation. Cited in a recent report by the United Nations Ecosystems Programme UNEP, experts believe that current water resources supply will not sustain global demand by 2030 and demand will outweigh supply by at least 40%, highlighting Africa as a region set to be hardest hit. The reliability and sustainability of Water Distribution Systems and Networks is now more than ever before are survival imperative to the achievement of Millennium Development Goals (MDG’s) in Africa and the transformation of the African Diaspora. Water supply and sanitation services, believe it or not, have the greatest impact on the eradication of hunger and poverty, reducing child mortality, increasing basic literacy in Africa and creating more jobs through sustainable economic development. Join us at this topical and highly practical programme. Register Now!! Just A Few Reasons Why You Need To Attend This Highly Informative and Interactive Event There are prevalent backlogs in water infrastructure development and maintenance shortfalls are to be on-going. Current infrastructure is ageing and reaching its’ serviceable lifespan There are insufficient...
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...Topic: Establishing a Construction equipment sales and distribution business into the new Republic of south Sudan Commodities : Caterpillar construction and mining equipment Country background Republic of South Sudan is a newly independent state which has been at war for over 30 years until it won independence last year. The country is vast rich in minerals barely has any infrastructure, no roads, electricity but has a big population. The state has been offered a lot if aid to help infrastructure development and I am sure the need for construction and mining equipment is highly needed. Internal environment Planning, Caterpillar will introduce a variety of products by starting with the most needed equipment as per the market assessment report. Earth movers like Bulldozers, Graders and excavators will open the market along drum rollers, loaders and electrical generating appliances. By introducing the earth moving and electrical generating equipment we will focus on road building, construction powering the growing manufacturing sector all primary needs in infrastructure development. Leading, Caterpillar equipment is widely used in the neighboring states but scanty in Sudan because the construction industry is just starting. However we expect that once Caterpillar through its dealership in Juba establishes itself, we will be in position to make a large impact on the market. Our dealership will manage the field marketing implementation while our corporate marketing division...
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...ITC eChoupal case Farmers in rural communities of India relied on Department of Agriculture, government, universities, insurance companies etc. for various inputs such as weather, new and scientific farming practices and insurance coverage. There was an indirect link between farmers and manufacturer via input retailers who source from wholesalers. During harvest, farmers bring these produce to Mandis bearing their own transportation cost; where beans are auctioned to the traders and agents of the processing companies in an open outcry method. This system was flawed and always leaves the farmers in a disadvantageous position. ITC, one of India’s leading private company saw the opportunity to develop the concept of eChoupal. Its main objective is to re-engineer the procurement process of the sale of the farmer’s produce. ITC motivation to crating e Choupal is to revolutionize the agricultural sector and make it more technology driven. eChoupal (virtual market place) was introduced as an initiative to improve the supply chain by linking directly with farmers for procurement. It was also designed to play the role of a social gathering place, for the exchange of information as well as a place for e-commerce transactions. The eChoupals are operated by a sanchalak (operator), who also act as an ITC salesman. The process was simple as the farmer can take a sample to the kiosk, show the sanchalak who gives a quote. If the quote is deemed attractive by the farmer, he will accept and...
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...MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION & ANALYSIS Infrastructure development is the most crucial factor for India's economic and social development. If we are talking about a double digit India's GDP growth for next 10-15 years we have to invest in the infrastructure development to achieve and sustain this growth. India has the necessary human and natural resources for becoming world's leading economy but without infrastructure these assets cannot be adequately utilized. Last twenty years of our journey has been quite enriching for the company and for all of us. It has been a continuous process of learning and today we are comfortably placed among our peers with a diversified and substantial order book. We have grown multifold and have been able to sustain this growth because of the dedicated and committed efforts of the entire team. From a small construction company we have matured ourselves in a large and diversified infrastructure organization. We have shown stellar business and financial performance year-on-year and have forayed into different business segments of the infrastructure sector. Economic and Industry Overview Supported by strong fundamentals and the Central Government's proactive measures India has been the most resilient and efficient economy to come out of the economic crisis. India's GDP growth for 2009-10 is estimated at 7.2 per cent. With an assumption of sustainable good performance of the industry and services sectors, the latest RBI projection placed the real GDP growth...
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...eBay Inc.: A Case Study of Organizational Change Underlying Technical Infrastructure Optimization Nicole Schuetz*, Anna Kovaleva* and Jonathan Koomey**, *Stanford Graduate School of Business & Emmett Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources, School of Earth Sciences, Stanford University **Steyer-Taylor Center for Energy Policy and Finance and Stanford University Steyer-Taylor Center for Energy Policy and Finance, Stanford University Stanford Law School Crown Quadrangle 559 Nathan Abbott Way Stanford, CA 94305 September 26, 2013 http://www.law.stanford.edu/organizations/programs-and-centers/steyer-taylor-centerfor-energy-policy-and-finance/publications Short URL: http://goo.gl/qDf4rp 1 2 eBay Inc.: A Case Study of Organizational Change Underlying Technical Infrastructure Optimization Nicole Schuetz*, Anna Kovaleva*, and Jonathan Koomey** *Stanford Graduate School of Business & Emmett Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources, School of Earth Sciences, Stanford University **Steyer-Taylor Center for Energy Policy and Finance, Stanford University Executive Summary This work provides a case study of the organizational changes necessary at eBay Inc. to support the development and operation of efficient data center infrastructure, hardware, and software. As a part of this process, the eBay Inc. infrastructure Engineering and Operations team (responsible for the delivery of technical services...
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...INFRATSRUCTURE The Eleventh Five Year Plan emphasized the need for removing infrastructure bottlenecks for sustained growth. It, therefore, proposed an investment of US $500 billion in infrastructure sectors through a mix of public and private sectors to reduce deficits in identified infrastructure sectors. As a percentage of the gross domestic product (GDP), investment in infrastructure was expected to increase to around 9 per cent. For the first time the contribution of the private sector in total investment in infrastructure was targeted to exceed 30 per cent. Total investment in infrastructure during the Eleventh Plan is estimated to increase to more than 8 per cent of GDP in the terminal year of the Plan --higher by 2.47 percentage point s a s c ompa red t o the Tenth Pl an. The private sector is expected t o be contributing nearly 36 per cent of this investment. RAILWAYS Some of the major goals set for Vision 2020 in the document include (a) laying of 25,000 km of new lines; (b) quadrupling of the 6,000 km network with segregation of passenger and freight lines; (c) electrification of 14,000 km; (d) completion of gaugeconversion; (e) upgradation of speed to 160-200 kmph for passenger trains; and (f) construction of 2,000 km of high-speed rail lines. • Freight performance: Freight loading on Indian Railways during April-November 2011 was 618.0 MT as compared to 593.4 MT in April-November 2010, an increase of 4.14 per cent. • Upgradation...
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...the present NDA government is giving all the right signals by the slogan “Make In India” , they actually want to boost the manufacturing sector growth and higher contribution to overall GDP. The most important attributes which help in development of manufacturing sector : * Infrastructure : Manufacturing sector is totally dependent on the level of infrastructure support their in the country . Limitation : 1) But presently the level of infrastructure is poor , shortcoming while transporting raw materials and finished products to their respective destination , power shortage for running the plants . 2) The banks in India are not big enough compared to the banks of developed economies or other emergent economies to fund large infrastructure projects Steps Taken/Proposed : 1) Government are looking forward to fund the infrastructure projects through PPP model . 2) The MD of SBI , Arundhati Bhattacharya actually said we should go forward and merge some of the banks and have larger banks to fund the infrastructure projects. 3) In the budget 28th Feb,2015 , the Finance minister Arun Jaitley allocated 70000 crores in Infrastructure sector , Tax...
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...India's export policy and may even represent the future of industrial development strategy in the country. The Special Economic Zones have been conceive d with a view to provide an Internationally competitive and hassle free environment for exports and world class infrastructure over an unprecedented large geographical area. It allows Government to experiment with redical economic reforms on a localise basis, introducing reforms that a difficult to implement at the national lavel, given the country large size and social disparity. The units in the zone have to be a net foreign exchange earner but they shall not be subjected to any predetermined value addition or minimum export performance requirement. All the laws and regulations related to labour, custom, environment clearances, taxation, FDIs etc. in the zones have been sufficiently relaxed or done away with and have been designed to make units globally competitive. This draft report is prepared for setting up Special Economic Zone NOIDA in Ghaziabad district in NOIDA in the state of Uttar Pradesh. The draft report is being prepared by New Okhla Industrial Development Authority based on the report prepared by consultants for the Govt. of UP for setting up Taj Special Economic Zone is District Bulandshahar in the State of Uttar Pradesh. SEZs - A global Overview: Most of the countries in the world have ridden SEZ/FTZ vehicle in attracting FDI, increasing international trade and attaining over all economic development...
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...investment in the infrastructure sector with a view to propel the economy on an over 9 per cent growth trajectory in the coming years. The measures include the issuance of tax-free bonds worth Rs 30,000 crore and extending income tax exemption on tax-saving infrastructure bonds up to a maximum of Rs 20,000 for one more year. Presenting the Union Budget for 2011-12, Mukherjee said the government intends to spend Rs 2.14 lakh crore as budgetary support for the infrastructure sector in 2011-12 and will set up an infra debt fund to promote foreign investment in the sector. "We will introduce special infrastructure debt funds to attract foreign financing in infrastructure," he said. Mukherjee said the Indian Railways Finance Corporation (IRFC) and National Highways Authority of India Limited (NHAI) will issue tax-free bonds of Rs 10,000 crore each, while tax-free bonds worth Rs 5,000 crore each will be issued by HUDCO and the port sector, respectively. He also announced that foreign portfolio investment would be permitted in SEBI-registered mutual funds and hiked the FII investment limit by an additional USD 20 billion for investment in infrastructure-related sectors. With this step, he said that FIIs will be eligible to invest up to USD 40 billion in corporate bonds, including a total of USD 25 billion in the infrastructure sector. Mukherjee also said the government has kept a target for spending Rs 2.14 lakh crore in the infrastructure sector, accounting...
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