...This paper seeks to identify the customer’s preferences, behavior and shift of behavior in the Chinese food market and how they can influence foreign companies’ marketing strategy. This literature review shows that, pushed by a multitude of factors, the Chinese food consumption and food consumer’s behavior have strongly changed over the past 10 years, both in quantity and quality demand, creating a lot of opportunities for foreign companies. Moreover, the Chinese cultural background and preferences are identified as playing an important role in the willingness to buy (WTB) and shopping habits which prompts for a more adaptive approach of marketing. Introduction In the past decade, China has seen a lot of both positive and negative factors influence its food consumption and its society as a whole. Three main socio-economic factors are identified by the previous literature. Urbanization has been growing fast, more than 50% of the population lived in urban areas and it is expected to reach 75% by 2035. Moreover, the average income has been continuously rising and contributes to the growth of the middle upper class granting an easier access to goods. Finally, the demand or the need for imported goods rocketed, fueled by the recurring food scandals. (Gale, Hansen, Jewison, 2014) This evolution largely contributed in turning the Chinese food market, now the largest in the world, into a very attractive potential market for foreign companies, however, this paper will show...
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...environment eg museums, historic buildings, artefacts, archaeological sites, transport, industrial heritage, sport-related heritage sites, themed sites, public art, sculpture and monuments Cultural heritage: role of heritage industry in shaping and sustaining cultural identity; regional and national costume eg song, dance, myth, legend, folklore, language and food; impact of issues Conflicts of interest: access versus conservation eg erosion, impact of visitors on sites and their immediate environments, presentation of heritage and culture to visitors, planning and land use, brown field sites versus green field sites, conservation threats imposed by further growth; potential role and impact of new technologies eg virtual reality and interactive software; access to the new technologies eg capital costs and revenue generation, training and up-skilling of staff, management of change https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5649485182751853952#editor/target=post;postID=1422198220418601580 LO2 Understand the purpose of heritage and cultural attractions within the travel and tourism sector Purpose of heritage and culture: purpose eg education, research, recreation,...
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...nearby New York City, an unemployed market researcher named James M. Vicary made a startling announcement based on research in high-speed photography later popularized by Eastman Kodak Company. The Tachistoscope Some time before, a device had been developed that could emit a flash of white light at a speed of I/60,000th ol a second. It was called the tachistoscope. The light pulse of the tachistoscope was so fast that it was imperceptible to human consciousness—what I was learning as a psychology student to call "subliminal." because it was below ("sub") the threshold ("limen") of human perception. The work done for Kodak involved a tachistoscope providing illumination in a pitch-dark studio for a large-lens camera with an open aperture. In one series of experiments, the flash of the tachistoscope was triggered electronically by the sound of a rifle shot, and the image of a bullet in flight was frozen on color film. Perhaps you have seen samples of these remarkable photographs hanging on the walls of your local camera store. Retainers and Consulting Fees Armed with the scientific sound of "tachistoscope,** Vicary invented a sparkling new pseudoscience, and proceeded to contact the CEOs, marketing directors, and advertising managers of multimillion-dollar corporations headquartered in New York City. Basically, he offered to serve them on retainer as a motivational research consultant while lie developed the process he called "subliminal advertising." His persuasive sales pitch was...
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...Marketing in China Before the reforms, under the command economy, Chinese companies took order from the state in production and push the products through state-controlled distribution systems. They never had to advertise, to do consumer research, and to think about marketing strategies. For years, even after the opening and reforms, many Chinese still consider marketing western concept of a dubious practice, something that may be not valid or applicable in China. Marketing proves to be one of the most challenging parts of China operations, perhaps more so than other areas such as accounting, finance, or research & development. For several reasons, First, infrastructure in marketing is underdeveloped, including transportation systems, media development, labyrinth of multi-tier distribution channels, and the severe shortage of qualified marketing personnel. Firms attracted to the longterm potential of this vast country must remember to pay sufficient attention to the basics of producing, distribution and marketing a successful product (Country Commercial Guide 1998), Marketing Strategies In the early 1980s when MNCs first came to China, many thought of China as a huge market with a homogeneous culture and felt standardized global marketing would be effective in capturing the opportunities and improving efficiency. These feelings were confirmed by the desire of Chinese to acquire western technologies and their fascination with products from the West. After living in an economy of...
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...Marketing in China Before the reforms, under the command economy, Chinese companies took order from the state in production and push the products through state-controlled distribution systems. They never had to advertise, to do consumer research, and to think about marketing strategies. For years, even after the opening and reforms, many Chinese still consider marketing western concept of a dubious practice, something that may be not valid or applicable in China. Marketing proves to be one of the most challenging parts of China operations, perhaps more so than other areas such as accounting, finance, or research & development. For several reasons, First, infrastructure in marketing is underdeveloped, including transportation systems, media development, labyrinth of multi-tier distribution channels, and the severe shortage of qualified marketing personnel. Firms attracted to the longterm potential of this vast country must remember to pay sufficient attention to the basics of producing, distribution and marketing a successful product (Country Commercial Guide 1998), Marketing Strategies In the early 1980s when MNCs first came to China, many thought of China as a huge market with a homogeneous culture and felt standardized global marketing would be effective in capturing the opportunities and improving efficiency. These feelings were confirmed by the desire of Chinese to acquire western technologies and their fascination with products from the West. After living in an economy...
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...German History Research Paper by Ryan Parker 3334798 Dr. Lisa Todd HIST 3095 Mar. 27th 2015 Throughout the 20th century the nation of German went through a number of cataclysmic, and paradigm shifting changes. One of the longest lasting changes to Germany was the division of Germany into two separate nations, the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany), and the German Democratic Republic (East Germany). These two nations were the results of a fundamental difference in political ideals of two of the great nation at the time, the United States of American, and the Soviet Union. Throughout the life spans of these two nations one of the largest concern were the youth; as the future population of both nations, it would be on the shoulders of the youth that the countries ideal would be preserved or forgotten. During this time the influence of Western culture was permeating throughout most of the world, and both Germanies were not excluded. Throughout the examination of the youth, this paper will attempt to expose the way in which western culture, specifically the music from the west, affected the youth of both nations. One of the earliest accounts of western music impacting German youth comes from the musician Udo Lindenberg, who recounts the story of how Elvis changed his life in 1957. In his story he recounts how the music was entirely different from all the music he had herd before, “I wasn’t sure what...
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...M.A. Social Work (Previous) FIRST SEMESTER Paper S1: 01 History and Philosophy of Social Work - 50 Paper S1: 02 Psychosocial Dynamics of Human Behavior - 50 Paper S1: 03 Methods of Working with People: Micro-Approaches - 50 Paper S1: 04 Social Welfare Administration - 50 Paper S1: 05 Research Methodology - 50 Paper S1: 06 Man & Society - 50 Paper S1: 07 Concurrent Field work three days in a week - 50 Total - 350 SECOND SEMESTER Paper S2: 01 Approaches and fields of Social Work - 50 Paper S2: 02 Human Growth and Development - 50 Paper S2: 03 Methods of working with People: Macro Approaches - 50 Paper S2: 04 Management of NGO’s and Disaster Relief Services - 50 Paper S2: 05 Statistics and Computer Application - 50 Paper S2: 06 Dynamics of Socio-Political Institutions and Organizations - 50 Paper S2: 07 Concurrent Field work (three days in a week) -50 Total - 350 M.A. in Social Work (Part-I) Preamble: 1. There shall be six theory papers of 50 marks each and field work of 50 marks as paper seventh out of 50 marks, 38 marks shall be devoted to semester paper and 12 marks shall be fixed for class/home assignments. 2. The format of the theory paper shall be the same as it is being following by the university. 3. Evaluation procedure shall be as per university norms. FIRST SEMESTER Paper S1: 01 History and Philosophy of Social Work (50) Unit – I Meaning, objectives and scope of social work; Role...
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...Dr Konstantinos Andriotis 1 Hellenic Open University, Greece. Abstract: The increasing demand of international tourists for holidays has resulted in a rapidly increase of the number of tourist destinations. To explain destinations development the life cycle approach has been widely adopted. According to Butler (1980) destinations pass through a predictable sequence of six stages. These stages are: exploration, involvement, development, consolidation, stagnation and decline or rejuvenation. In each life cycle stage there are changes in the morphology, the types of tourists visitation, and residents’ attitudes towards tourism. th Through the presentation of historical data from the start of the 20 century up to now it is the aim of this paper to document these changes by providing evidence from the island of Crete. Five stages of tourism evolution are evident, namely: the era of ‘wealthy’ explorers, the era of cruisers, the Second World War and the Civil War, the reconstruction of the tourism industry, and the era of mass organised tourism. The findings confirm that today the island is on the maturity stage, tourism has resulted on substantial changes on the island’s coastal resorts and various attempts are required by the private and the public sectors to avoid decline. Keywords: Tourism, Tourism Destinations, Life Cycle INTRODUCTION Various studies (e.g. Gilbert, 1939; Defert, 1954; Stansfield, 1978; Young, 1983) have attempted to illustrate the various stages of resort evolution...
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.....:: Jordan Research - Publications ::.. http://www.jordanresearch.co.uk/pubs.html NAVIGATION Home UK Consultancy Overseas Publications GLOBALISATION AND BIRD'S NEST SOUP David Jordan This is an amended version of an article first published in International Development Planning Review, Volume 26, Number 1, Liverpool University Press, 2004 Summary Almost un-noticed by outsiders, an extraordinary industry has emerged in Indonesia to meet a specialised demand from the nouveau riche of the Peoples’ Republic of China (PRC). This industry produces the prime ingredient of the famous bird’s nest soup, also used in traditional Chinese medicines and cosmetics. It is an urban industry, using substantial specially designed buildings, that has transformed a number of Indonesian towns. So far there has been little serious research into this phenomenon. The Indonesian government statistical agency (Badan Pusat Statistik) confesses that the industry output, though considerable, is not captured by its GDP estimates. Enquiries are hampered by the secretive behaviour of the practitioners, who jealously guard their trade secrets. The author is an economist/planner who first observed the phenomenon when conducting fieldwork for an urban development project in North Sumatera. He is currently preparing a research project on the subject to be carried out in association with Badan Pusat Statistik. The nests of bird’s nest soup are produced by the genus aerodramus (formerly collocallia)...
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...SHIV SHAKTI International Journal in Multidisciplinary and Academic Research (SSIJMAR) Vol. 2, No. 3, May-June (ISSN 2278 – 5973) Nostalgic Marketing – The legend with past Ms. Muskan Sharma1 Abstract Nostalgia is defined as a yearning for the past, or a fondness for tangible or intangible possessions and activities linked with the past, and is experienced when individuals feel separated from an era to which they are attached. This research examines how marketers align this nostalgic feeling as marketing tools. The aims of paper is firstly, to identify the constitute of conceptual frame of Nostalgic products and define the conditions in which customer feels more need for nostalgic products like previous popular movie (ex. Hum Dono Rangin Movie), drama ( Ex. Marathi Drama), music ( remix of old songs ) etc. through analysis of research papers and observation. Secondly, to examine the trend of nostalgia in promotion of product, case study on Mera Maggie, Hum Dono Rangin Movie and McDonald’s is implemented and thirdly to identify the major caution need to be considered in nostalgic marketing. The significant of study is to help marketers to develop the new market for niche product i.e. nostalgic product and equipped them with systematic approach for nostalgic marketing. Key Word : Nostalgia, Nostalgic Marketing, Nostalgic Products, Nostalgic Promotion 1. Assistant Professor, IMED, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune 1 www.ssijmar.in Introduction Nostalgia was formulated...
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...| Pit Bulls | Mean or Misunderstood | Andre L Bourgeois 8/27/2011 Instructor: Ms Nancy Hill | Andre Bourgeois GE 117-M6 August 20, 2011 Pit Bulls: Mean or Misunderstood? By Andre Bourgeois Thesis: There is no other dog that conjures up fear and terror by the mere mention of their name as the pit bull. American Pit Bull Terrier (APBT) aka Pit Bull brings fear to people because of the amount of human fatalities these dogs are supposedly involved in. The media would have you believe that these deaths are on the rise and is of epidemic proportions with the pit bull being the main perpetrator. An urban legend is that they have Locking jaws and have a super strength bite force. Another myth is that they are aggressive towards people, and go insane. Most people don’t realize is that the term “Pitt bull” is not a breed of dog; it is a group of a certain type of dog. The origin of this breed doesn’t help their reputation. The APBT was bred specifically for the purpose of being the ultimate fighting dog. The breed needed to be quick, agile, strong, determined, aggressive, and able to withstand pain and have a lot of game (to never give up under any situations). What is not known about the APBT is that they were bred NOT to be aggressive toward people. That was one trait that was bred into them, non aggressive towards people. The breeders needed that trait because when breaking up dog fights they didn’t want...
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...correlation to human interaction at this study site. Keywords Species Diversity, Richness, Disturbance, Evenness, INTRODUCTION Diversity of invertebrate populations varies with the habitat or niche inhabited by the organism. For example, the differences between grass-dominated fields and cultivated fields affect species diversity because of the different conditions and amount of disturbance in the area. Having an understanding of the importance of soil invertebrates is important to understanding the purpose of the study. Soil invertebrates play a large role in maintaining soil nutrients, and therefore the plant life in the area. This correlates to oxygen in the ecosystem and affects us directly. This also provides a necessity for research of invertebrate species in the organic horizon. Studies conducted to find the effects of various disturbances and soil types on the distribution and diversity of invertebrate species have yielded various results. In most cases, human interaction leads to decreased biodiversity (Giller 1996). Other sources have found that species diversity is greatest in areas that are intermediately disturbed (Callaham 2006). In addition to these findings, Scheu and Schulz studied...
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...Factors Influencing Visitor's Choices to Visit Urban Destinations Ontario Ministry of Tourism and Recreation Canadian Tourism Commission Canadian Heritage Parks Canada PREPARED BY: PREPARED FOR: Global Insight, Inc. June 2004 Table of Contents I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................. 1 Highlights................................................................................................................................ 1 Study Summary........................................................................................................................ 1 Recommendations ................................................................................................................... 2 Next Steps................................................................................................................................ 3 II. III. IV. A. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................. 4 STUDY OBJECTIVE....................................................................................................... 4 METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................... 5 LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................................... 6 Introduction............................................
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...mission statements. It then looks at the decisions that the company has taken to achieve its vision by analyzing the environment it operates, the value chain and the core competencies that it has developed over the years and the key factors instrumental in its success. We end by commenting on its future prospects based on our analysis. We are grateful to you for providing us this opportunity to learn the strategic issues in contemporary businesses and giving us the necessary guidance in completing the project. We would also like to thank the entire faculty who taught us in the first year at this college. Their teaching has given us a holistic perspective which was essential for completing this assignment. Our primary resource for research has been the ITC Ltd. website and the various reports published by it. We have used the resources of various websites on the internet and would like to thank all of these nameless contributors....
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...Mock Behavioral Research Paper On Hamilton Howard “Albert” Fish AJS/584 Professor Steven Hoenig 3-14-2016 Serial killers is a person that kill three or more people in a short amount of time. He or she murder one after another in a similar way with an inactive period between each murder. The motivation for murdering an adult or child is based on psychological gratification. The serial killer is normally an adult white male in his late twenties, who has killed four or more individuals in separate incident with an inactive period between. It is impossible to tell just by looking at a person who will become a serial killer, the traits of some criminals or serial killers appear to be similar most of the time. The types of behaviors includes violence in the home, sexual assaults, molestation, alcohol and drug abuse, lying, animal cruelty, and a history of bedwetting. The types of serial killers are as follow. Thrill seekers are individuals that are smarter then law enforcement and think of it as a game, enjoy the media, attention seeker, police pursuit, and avoiding authorities. They send messages and keep record of the murders. Mission oriented serial killers an individual that think or claim they are doing society a favor by killing people like prostitutes. Power and Control serial killer are individual that get a kick out of or enjoy the victim’s terror, suffering, and screaming. The chareristics of a serial killer are often subject to debate. As stated in an earlier...
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