...1 Introduction Programming/Planning —together with diagnosing, conducting lessons and evaluating— constitutes one of the four basic tasks that teaching entails. This is so because teaching necessitates some kind of organization. The need to plan lies on the high degree of complexity of teaching and on the manifold nature of those variables that affect the different elements upon which it is built up, such as physical spaces, timetables, teachers, pupils… According to De Pablo (1992), planning is a decision-taking process by teachers in terms of anticipating their teaching practice. Gimeno & Pérez (1992) consider planning as an intermediate stage between theory and practice in which teachers draw up their educational interventions from a purely theoretical point of view. The main features of this model of planning/programming within the frame of our present educational system are: Based on the teaching-learning process. Its aim is the development of our students’ capacities. Contents make reference to three different but complementary spheres: concepts, procedures and attitudes. Special attention is paid to activities, resources and the organization of the FL setting (space, time, groupings). Each and every of its components (objectives, contents, basic competences, activities, resources, evaluation…) are intimately interwoven. Offers a flexible model open to continuous suggestions and corrections. 2 Contextualization Our present-day curricular model...
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...Failure in Learning English in Bangladesh An M.A. Dissertation* by Mian Md. Naushaad Kabir, M.A. ELT, Doctoral Researcher The English and Foreign Languages University Hyderabad – 500605 Andhra Pradesh, India naushaadk@gmail.com *The dissertation submitted here is the slightly modified version of the dissertation that was submitted for the degree of M.A. ELT. The modifications include stylistic changes and corrections of the printing mistakes that were present in the earlier manuscript. No modification was made on theme or content or data analysis or their interpretation. Language in India www.languageinindia.com 12 : 1 January 2012 Mian Md. Naushaad Kabir, M.A. ELT, Doctoral Researcher Causes of Secondary Students’ Failure in Learning English - An M.A. Dissertation 1 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 12 : 1 January 2012 English Department Institute of Modern Languages University of Dhaka Causes of Secondary Students’ Failure in Learning English Mian Md. Naushaad Kabir Supervisor Professor A.M. M. Hamidur Rahman English Department Institute of Modern Languages University of Dhaka THIS DISSERTATION IS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTERS OF ARTS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING (ELT) 2007 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 12 : 1 January 2012 Mian Md. Naushaad Kabir, M.A. ELT, Doctoral Researcher Causes of Secondary Students’ Failure in Learning English - An M.A....
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...ability- some students are advanced and some are slow Classroom management-teacher could find it difficult to draw students' attention Slow Internet connection Not always appropriate materials for students http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/blogs/gozalutem/advantages-disadvantages-using-technology-classroom TAG ARCHIVES: DISADVANTAGES OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE CLASSROOM Here are some counter arguments against English teachers being expected to use technology in the classroom: 1. Some teachers feel that they don’t want to have yet another new thing to learn. They have spent years learning about the language and dealing with the different designer approaches and fads in ELT. And now, they are being told that all the knowledge and experience they have accrued from teaching English is not enough if they are unable to get to grips with the latest device or online software. They feel that the ability to use technology has got nothing to do with learning English per se, and if such high standard and qualification are needed for learners to survive in the job market, then these learners should be taking classes in IT, and not be relying on their English teacher to provide them with such training. . 2. Teachers are not paid enough to spend all their free time learning to use new digital tools and implementing them. It takes hours to moderate a wiki or Moodle account, to respond to comments on a blog, to find appropriate games and video clips, to maintain the students’ interest...
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...negative, and is preferred over in-person human encounters. History over time is defined by new technology used. In each age a significant impact has attributed to the advancement in the civilization of mankind. Humanity has moved from prehistoric times into the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, and the Iron Age. During modern times, the ages defined as the Industrial Revolution, the age of steam, the steel age, the age of the automobile, and the computer age. With every new age, the people developed and used the new technology could dominate militarily or economically (Technology 2005). Technology has changed the face of modern day civilization. Technology has inundated grade schools colleges and universities with the use of online communication for teaching and learning. One of the most common online communication tools used in schools and universities is the asynchronous online discussion (AOD) forum. AOD allows and provides students the flexibility of participating in a discussion 24 hours a day, regardless of geographical location; therefore making it much more convenient than in- person...
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...10 Incorporating Cross-cultural Communication in ELT: A Pedagogical Approach ■ Y. Suneetha Rajeev Gandhi Memorial College of Engineering & Technology, Nandyal G.M. Sundaravalli Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi ABSTRACT: Cross-cultural communication has become ever more significant through the globalization of markets, affairs of nation-states and technologies. Consequently, the cultural quotient (CQ) is becoming increasingly important, especially in the context of the changing dynamics of work culture around the world. This paper makes a case for the need to pay attention to intercultural communication and discusses some specific approaches and strategies in the teaching of intercultural communication in the classroom. These approaches include addressing issues like learning to honour one’s own culture and sharing it with others while developing a capacity to be open to other cultures. Other strategies include progressing from an ethnocentric to an ethno-relative state of understanding and acceptance of cultural differences and increasing one’s ability to communicate with non-native speakers. Specifically, classroom practices and strategies suggested include intercultural explorations, use of texts, films, short stories and other multi-media resources, contrastive case studies of cultures, group encounters and role plays. Introduction Sir Francis Bacon said that if a man was gracious and courteous to strangers, it showed that he was a citizen of the world, and...
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...Classroom English and Employability Skills: An Insight Author: E S Sharmila Sigamany, Assistant Professor, Kingston Engineering College, Vellore. Co-Author: S. Shirly Christina, Assistant Professor, Kingston Engineering College, Vellore. Abstract: Teaching English to students both at higher secondary level and at collegiate level requires a lot of planning and the ability to execute the plan. Language learning involves improvement in all 4 skills involved: Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing (LSRW Skills) as well as language areas: vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation. But are all these 4 elements being visited upon in our classrooms? This paper aims at looking at the kind of English that is taught/learnt in our traditional classrooms in schools and colleges across India and how it relates to boosting the employability quotient in an individual. Keywords: LSRW, employability, communication, language learning. Introduction: Down the ages English gained popularity through commerce as there was a time when the sun never set on the British Empire – thanks to their conquests - and their colonies spread from one end of the Earth to the other end. Though English is a foreign language it has been taught in India for decades and as we are all well aware it is an associate official language. All our government documents exist in English as well as Hindi. "I would have English as an associate, additional language, which can be used not because of facilities, but because I do not...
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...Language Teaching Methodology Theodore S. Rodgers, Professor Emeritus, University of Hawaii Background Language teaching came into its own as a profession in the last century. Central to this phenomenon was the emergence of the concept of "methods" of language teaching. The method concept in language teaching—the notion of a systematic set of teaching practices based on a particular theory of language and language learning—is a powerful one, and the quest for better methods was a preoccupation of teachers and applied linguists throughout the 20th century. Howatt's (1984) overview documents the history of changes of practice in language teaching throughout history, bringing the chronology up through the Direct Method in the 20th century. One of the most lasting legacies of the Direct Method has been the notion of "method" itself. Language Teaching Methodology Defined Methodology in language teaching has been characterized in a variety of ways. A more or less classical formulation suggests that methodology is that which links theory and practice. Theory statements would include theories of what language is and how language is learned or, more specifically, theories of second language acquisition (SLA). Such theories are linked to various design features of language instruction. These design features might include stated objectives, syllabus specifications, types of activities, roles of teachers, learners, materials, and so forth. Design features in turn are linked...
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...Term PaperThe use of Corrective Feedback Table of contents 1. Introduction 2. Literature review 3. Discussion 4. Conclusion 5. Works Cited 6. Declaration of Authorship 1 2-4 5-6 7 8-9 10 1. Introduction One of the latest trends in the Science, Language, and Literacy (SLL) approaches is called Task-based language teaching. This second language education trend influences not only teaching but also learning processes. TBLT tries to focus on the use of authentic language with the help of meaningful tasks such as ordering something or asking for instructions. This kind of method encourages meaningful communication and is student-centered. (Bilash 2009). One of the most important characteristics of TBLT is that learners are engaged in real language use in the classroom, using language in real life situations. The designed tasks that include problems, games, discussions and so on make learners use the language for themselves. (Willis 2007). Another important aspect of TBLT is that the student plays a central role in this teaching method. With this way the student has to interact more and organize his learning process almost individually. Furthermore TBLT helps students become more creative, spontaneous and have fun via tasks and problem solving. TBLT is a new method of language teaching and cannot be easily used by all teachers without proper training and teaching experience. In this research paper I will report the usefulness of Corrective Feedback considering language teaching...
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...Learning English through children's literature Submitted by admin on 18 December, 2002 - 12:00 This article is about the British Council's Young Learners Centre in Paris and how they use children's literature in their teaching of English * The role of stories and storytelling in language teaching * Selecting story books * Pupil responses * Personal and professional development of teachers * Other support materials * Books referred to in this article The role of stories and storytelling in language teaching Once upon a time and not so very long ago in the capital city of France, a teaching centre for little children and not so little children was opened. One little child and then two and then three and then many, many more came along. And so our story unfolds ….. There was a little red hen, a meerkat in trouble, a brown bear, a black elephant and a white elephant, a very hungry caterpillar, Spot the dog, a clever tortoise, a big, roaring, yellow, whiskery lion, a kangaroo from Woolloomooloo and many more. These are just some of the colourful characters from children's literature who have helped children aged 5 - 10 attending holiday classes at the British Council's Young Learners Centre in Paris learn English. These weekly courses take place each afternoon for two hours. The educational value of using stories and the technique of storytelling has always been undisputed throughout the world. Now more and more English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers of...
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...problems, we can try to update the teaching idea of vocabulary and to improve the teaching method. 1.2 Purpose of the Paper The focus of traditional English teaching is mainly on grammar and vocabulary, which are regarded as two independent items. In fact, students cannot express themselves very well even though they have acquired many words and grammar rules. So, how can we change the situation? Many studies have been conducted to improve English teaching efficiency in order to equip students with practical ability in English. Among them, the Lexical Approach, which was put forward by American scholar Lewis, sheds some new light on English teaching in China. In view of the problem that most students know many new words but unable to use them correctly, the paper, based on the Lexical Approach, discusses the strong points of integrating the ideas of...
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...NAAC The NATIONAL ASSESSMENT AND ACCREDITATION COUNCIL (NAAC) is an autonomous body established by the University Grants Commission (UGC) of India to assess and accredit institutions of higher education in the country. It is an outcome of the recommendations of the National Policy in Education (1986) that laid special emphasis on upholding the quality of higher education in India. The system of higher education in India has expanded rapidly during the last fifty years. In spite of the built-in regulatory mechanisms that ensure satisfactory levels of quality in the functioning of higher education institutions, there have been criticisms that the country has permitted the mushrooming of institutions of higher education with fancy programme and substandard facilities and consequent dilution of standards.To address the issues of deterioration in quality, the National Policy on Education (1986) and the Plan of Action (POA-1992) that spelt out the strategic plans for the policies, advocated the establishment of an independent national accreditation body. Consequently, the NAAC was established in 1994 with its headquarters at Bangalore. Governance The NAAC functions through its General Council (GC) and Executive Committee (EC) where educational administrators, policy makers and senior academicians from a cross-section of the system of higher education are represented. The Chairperson of the UGC is the President of the GC of the NAAC, the Chairperson of the EC is an eminent academician...
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...Polytechnic University of the Philippines Quezon City Campus “The Effectiveness of Listening of the Tertiary Level Students” A Research Presented to: Bachelor of Business Teacher Education Major in Information Technology Education In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for “Speech Communication” By: Baquiran, Gerome Nicole Isiderio, Jennica Ann Manato, April Rose Mariano, Allen Victor Morante, Irish Cecille Lusuriaga, Rosalia Olivar, Melbhen Uadan, Shiela Pandongan, Jeasabel Sumile, Pacifico Sta. Maria, Ingersoll BBTE-IT 2-1 Introduction A child's life is like a piece of paper on which every person leaves a mark. (Chinese Proverb) We have decided to write this thesis about the Beatles. We want to demonstrate how the Beatles can help with teaching listening. They were and still are the most influential pop music group in the world. We realized that students are not very interested in listening topics that are in pupils’ students’ books. Listening in English can be difficult for a lot of young learners and also adults. For this reason we have chosen the Beatles to help students with listening. Their songs are easy to understand and provide a wide range of topics suitable for high school learners. Firstly, the aim of our thesis is to introduce the basic principles of teaching listening. Secondly, there would be a practical...
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...Applique a la Gestion), 61, Ave de la Fore Noire, F 67085 Strasbourg, France Abstract Every person has his or her own individual way to learn and to solve problems in day-to-day situations. These personal cognitive strategies, acquired in a long socialization process are called ‘‘learning styles’’ and may differ depending on gender, age or culture. In this study, the learning styles of over 300 students in business administration in France, Germany and Quebec are examined with the Learning Style Inventory (LSI). Representative and signiï¬cant learning differences where found. This is why the LSI can be used in a ï¬rst step for the illustration and comparison of typical patterns of learning. In a second step the results may be of use to international trainers in making decisions about course design and methods of cross-cultural training in relation to the learning proï¬les of the participants. r 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Learning styles; LSI; Culture; Cross-cultural management; Socialization; Intercultural training; Cultural differences; Training methods ÃFax:+33 3 90 41 42 70. E-mail address: christoph.barmeyer@iecs.edu. 0147-1767/$ - see front matter r 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2005.01.011 ARTICLE IN PRESS 578 C.I. Barmeyer / International Journal of Intercultural Relations 28 (2004) 577–594 1. Introduction On account of increasing globalization, cross-cultural training has become more and more important...
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...CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING I. Introduction Teachers are the authorities inside the classroom. They are the one who facilitates the students for them to be able to learn. Every teacher differs from one another when it comes to pedagogical skills. Because of the modernization of the current generation, system of education was also affected. Major changes were made due to what professionals/critics noticed about the students’ performance in the school. They observed that nowadays, traditional education system may not be that still effective like before. In this kind of system, the teacher is the main source of information and the students act as the audience. Traditional teaching is concerned with the teacher being the controller of the learning environment. Power and responsibility are held by the teacher and they play the role of instructor (in the form of lectures) and decision maker (in regards to curriculum content and specific outcomes). They regard students as having 'knowledge holes' that need to be filled with information. In short, the traditional teacher views that it is the teacher that causes learning to occur (Novak, 1998). Before, students here in the Philippines were exposed to IBE or Input Based Education in which it was a teacher-centred learning process. Now, it was transformed to OBE or Outcomes-Based Education. It was introduced in the Philippines last July 2012 by the CHED or Commission on Higher Education. OBE has become a focal point for critics...
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...v105 some people claim that the disadvantages of the car are more than the advantages,do you agree or dis the birth of cars have made an enormous change to our life.in the past,we travel from one place to another only by foot,nowaday,cars can do it .its goes withour saying that the invention of cars bring great benefit to all of us.but as proverb goes:no garden without weeds.car is not exception. owing a car has a lot of advantages.for one thing,car provide us the most convient way of transportation.we can get around freely without spenting a lot of time.emotionally,i always found driving is so exciting.for another,its the comfortable to drive a car.In winter.drivers always can stay warm and dry even in rainy whether,in addition,drivers are usually safe in their cars when they are out at night. Cars bring the human merits,their side-effects graudually come to the surface.firstly,to run a car need a lot of oil,which is getting less and less.the increasing number of cars contribute the lacking of energy.secondlly,as more and more cars are used,the traffic ecpecially in big cities is getting heaver and heavier,which lead to the serious social problem--traffic jam.in addition,the inceasing numbers of cars ,which excaust sent a huge quantities of carbon monoxide into atmosphere.it make the air of cities unbreathabe,it strip people contact with frensh air. therefore,the new energy should be explored to replace the oil so that our envionmental pollution can be avioded .and th...
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