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Using Eos

In:

Submitted By ngtt
Words 957
Pages 4
Hướng dẫn:

Cách sử dụng máy ảnh EOS
Training group – HR Department

4 yếu tố tạo nên một bức ảnh đẹp
1. Cầm máy đúng cách 2. Sắp xếp bố cục 3. Điều chỉnh ánh sáng

4. Nắm bắt khoảnh khắc

1. Cầm máy đúng cách
Cách 1:
- Tay thuận cầm thân máy, ngón trỏ giữ tại nút chụp
- Bàn tay còn lại đỡ phía dưới ống kính

1. Cầm máy đúng cách

Cách 2:
- Tay thuận cầm thân máy, ngón trỏ giữ tại nút chụp
- Cánh tay còn lại đỡ phía dưới ống kính

2. Sắp xếp bố cục
Bố cục tốt là bố cục được sắp xếp rõ ràng và có điểm nhấn - Bố cục 1/3 - Bố cục chữ S (tạo vẻ mềm mại) - Bố cục đường dẫn (tạo chiều sâu)

- Bố cục xoắn ốc (kết hợp chữ S & đường dẫn)
- Bố cục đường chéo

Bố cục 1/3

Bố cục chữ S

Bố cục đường dẫn

Bố cục xoắn ốc

Bố cục đường chéo

3. Điều chỉnh ánh sáng
ISO

Tam giác ánh sáng

Khẩu độ

Tốc độ

3. Điều chỉnh ánh sáng
Thang đo sáng: Khi chụp ảnh, trên màn hình máy ảnh thường xuất hiện thang đo sáng như sau:


-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

- Con chạy = 0: ảnh đủ sáng - Con chạy 0: ảnh thừa sáng

3. Điều chỉnh ánh sáng
ISO

Tam giác ánh sáng

Khẩu độ

Tốc độ

3. Điều chỉnh ánh sáng
Tốc độ: Tốc độ đóng – mở màn trập
- Tốc độ cao: thời gian mở cửa trập nhanh, ánh sáng vào được ít, ảnh nét, bắt dính chuyển động  Phù hợp chụp hoạt động - Tốc độ thấp: thời gian mở cửa trập lâu, ánh sáng vào được nhiều, dễ rung và nhòe chuyển động Phù hợp chụp nghệ thuật

Tốc độ phổ biến: 1/200 – 1/800

Kỹ thuật chụp Pending: chọn tốc độ chậm (1/15s) và lia máy theo đối tượng đang chuyển động (lưu ý giữ máy song song với đối tượng)

3. Điều chỉnh ánh sáng
ISO

Tam giác ánh sáng

Khẩu độ

Tốc độ

3. Điều chỉnh ánh sáng
Khẩu độ: Độ mở của ống kính

Độ mở lớn (f nhỏ): ánh sáng vào nhiều

Độ mở nhỏ(f lớn): ánh sáng vào ít độ sâu trường ảnh dày  chụp rõ nét

độ sâu trường ảnh mỏng
 chụp xóa phông

Hint: f ≤ 2.8

Hint: f ≥ 9

3. Điều chỉnh ánh sáng
Khẩu độ: Độ mở của ống kính

Độ mở lớn (f nhỏ): ánh sáng vào nhiều

Độ mở nhỏ(f lớn): ánh sáng vào ít độ sâu trường ảnh dày  chụp rõ nét

độ sâu trường ảnh mỏng
 chụp xóa phông

Hint: f ≤ 2.8

Hint: f ≥ 9

3. Điều chỉnh ánh sáng
ISO

Tam giác ánh sáng

Khẩu độ

Tốc độ

3. Điều chỉnh ánh sáng
ISO: Độ nhạy sáng (khả năng hấp thụ ánh sáng của cảm biến ảnh) - ISO cao: nhiều sáng & nhiễu ảnh - ISO thấp: ít sáng & mịn ảnh Ứng dụng: cân bằng độ sáng cho ảnh, chống nhòe

3. Điều chỉnh ánh sáng
Các chế độ chụp cơ bản:
Chế độ mặc định Tv Av Tốc độ
Chỉnh tay

Khẩu độ Cố định
Chỉnh tay

ISO
Chỉnh tay Chỉnh tay

Cố định
Chỉnh tay

M
P

Chỉnh tay

Chỉnh tay
Chỉnh tay

Cố định

Cố định

Hướng dẫn chọn chế độ:

1

Xác định tốc độ (bắt dính hay nhiễu ảnh)

2

Xác định khẩu độ (xóa phông hay toàn cảnh)

3

Xác định ISO (cân bằng độ sáng)

3. Điều chỉnh ánh sáng
Chế độ cân bằng trắng (Custom White Balance)
Áp dụng: Trong trường hợp điều kiện ánh sáng màu khiến ảnh bị ám màu Cách thực hiện:
- Bước 1: Chọn chế độ AWB trên màn hình, chế độ MF trên ống kính - Bước 2: Chụp 1 tờ giấy A4 màu trắng (hoặc một vật thể khác cùng màu)

trong điều kiện ánh sáng tương tự
- Bước 3: Chọn chế độ AF trên ống kính, chế độ  trên màn hình - Bước 4: Chụp ảnh như bình thường, máy sẽ tự động cân bằng màu

3. Điều chỉnh ánh sáng
Các chế độ đo sáng:
Chế độ Evaluative metering Partial metering Spot metering Center-weighted average metering Ý nghĩa Đo sáng toàn khung Đo sáng vùng trung tâm Đo sáng điểm trung tâm Đo sáng vùng trung tâm & trung bình toàn khung Khu vực đo sáng 100% ảnh Cách sử dụng Chụp thuận sáng

9.4% vùng trung tâm Ít dùng 2.3% vùng trung tâm Đo sáng vùng trung tâm + trung bình toàn khung Chụp ngược sáng Ít dùng

3. Điều chỉnh ánh sáng
Các chế độ lấy nét:
Trên ống kính:
- AF: lấy nét tự động (nhấn nửa cò) - MF: lấy nét bằng tay (xoay ống kính)

Trên thân máy:
- One shot: lấy nét chủ thể tĩnh
- Al Servo: lấy nét chủ thể động - Al Focus: lấy nét chủ thể tĩnh & động

Cách chọn điểm lấy nét:
- Nhấn nút để chọn điểm lấy nét (máy thông thường có 9 điểm lấy nét)

4. Nắm bắt khoảnh khắc

4. Nắm bắt khoảnh khắc
Not learnable
Hints:
❶ Sử dụng chế độ Av/Tv ❷ Luôn mang theo 1 tờ giấy A4 để chụp CWB ❸ Chủ yếu chọn chế độ đo sáng toàn khung (Evaluative Metering) ❹ Dùng chế độ Spot Metering cho chụp ngược sáng

❺ Sử dụng điểm lấy nét trung tâm để tăng độ chính xác & cải thiện thời gian lấy nét
❻ Chụp liên tiếp để bắt được nhiều khoảnh khắc

Chia sẻ thêm:
- Máy Full frame vs. máy APS-C (x 1.6) - Dạng file ảnh RAW (15MB) vs. dạng file ảnh JPEG (3MB)

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