...be the first known contribution to persuasion. Robert F. Kennedy’s Speech Following the Death of Martin Luther King Jr. was altogether very persuasive, his use of ethos logos and pathos was superb. RFK and Mlk were both firm believers that nonviolence was the most effective form of civil disobedience. Robert F. Kennedy’s Speech Following the Death of Martin Luther King Jr. was altogether very persuasive, his use of ethos logos and pathos was superb. Mr. Kennedy’s use of Ethos in his speech helped build his trustworthiness to the audience. RFK told a personal story about his brother being shot, it was the first time that he...
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...minimize their chance of getting cancer. Audience: The audience is a group of young people, 17-18 years old, from an American high school class. The speaker: I am a young representative of “American Cancer Society”. Recently done a “stop smoking” campaign. They know who I am because they asked me to come so they must acknowledge my competences. Circumstances: The setting is in a classroom in an American high school – around 35 people present. There will be used a PowerPoint show to visualize the main points and capture the young audience’s attention. Language: The speech is in an informative tone (direct) because of the young audience. The main speech act is the expressive speech act and the main appeal form is pathos because of the purpose to engage them. Structure Introduction: I am an expressive speaker and I will introduce my education, campaign and experience (ethos). Acknowledge the fact that they asked me to come (expressives), thank them and underline the importance of them focusing on this topic for their own future health (pathos.) Introduction to subject: I will use logos and informative speech act to back up my purpose of stop smoking and to possible consequences of not stopping (directive speech act.) Head speech: Tell about my own experiences in the purpose and create relation with the audience (pathos/expressive.) Advice them to stop smoking (face-saving-act) and thereby minimize their...
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...or convinced to do something through some sort of speech or writing. Whereas, great Philosophers such as Aristotle have used art of persuasion in order to influence others through his memorable works of art and writings. Aristotle’s rhetoric exemplifies this by using the principles of ethos, pathos and logos. The theory of rhetoric looks at the way people use persuasion through their writing and their speeches in order to make people act or think in a certain way or to comply with what you are saying or writing. “Aristotle saw the function of rhetoric as the discovery in each case of “the available means of persuasion” (Griffin, 2015). Aristotle believed in three different types of speeches that you use the expressionism of rhetoric and they are deliberative, judicial and epideictic. As explained in Covino’s work, a deliberative speech will focus on decisions that mainly concern the future. This is typically delivered to a legislative body, such as U.S Congress or Legislative Assembly. The second form of speeches, as Covino explains, is judicial. The judicial focuses on decisions about what has previously happened in the past. These kinds of speeches are generally delivered in a court...
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...The speech I chose to analyze is "A Wisper of AIDS" by Mary Fisher. The speech is focused mainly around persuading people to take action and speak up against AIDS. I Found the speech to be very effective in getting the message across. In this speech Fisher used the appeals of ethos, logos, and pathos to shape her very effective response to the situation at hand. Mary Fisher established ethos from the moment she began speaking. She represented the demographic that people considered to be excused from AIDS, above falling victim to its devastating effects. This is not surprising in the present day because according to Dr. Julie Gerberding, director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "...the face of AIDS has changed from being primarily a disease of white men, to a disease of people of all colors and both genders" (Oprah). At the time, in 1992, Fisher shocked people as a wealthy, upper-middle class white women that was HIV-positive. She used herself to show people that even if they thought they were untouchable, they were just as vulnerable as she was. Fisher was not only "safe" from HIV (Fisher, 1992). She went on to account for every additional factor that would stereotypically exempt her from contracting the virus when she said, "because I was not hemophiliac, I was not at risk. Because I was not gay, I was not at risk. Because I did not inject drugs, I was not at risk." The bottom line was, she was "off limits" to its effects, but she got it anyway (Fisher, 1992)...
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...COMMUNICATION THEORY A review of Stephen Mailloux’s (1995, ed) discussion of “Sophistry and Rhetorical pragmatism” (pp1-30) and West and Turner’s (2010, pp.312-327) discussion of “Rhetoric”. This essay is a review of Stephen Mailloux’s discussion of Sophistry and Rhetorical pragmatism (Mailloux, 1995) and West and Turner’s discussion of Rhetoric (West & Turner, 2010). The writings in question discuss the origins and evolution of Rhetoric, with Mailloux introduce a historical and philosophical criticism of “sophistic Rhetoric as applied in the modern American context” (for example, neopragmatism and poststructuralism), and evaluated in the rest of the book, whilst West and Turner enlighten the reader about the heurism and globalism of Aristotle’s Rhetorical theory with a focus on the discipline of public speaking. Mailloux introduces sophistic Rhetoric as founded on the pragmatic doctrine that “Man is the measure of all things: of things which are, that they are, and of things which are not, that they are not”, a phrase attributed to the Sophist Protagoras (Patrick, 2006). Others Sophists of note include Gorgias, Prodicus, Hippias and Thrasymachus – quoted in Plato’s Republic as saying “… ‘Just’ or ‘right’ means nothing but what is to the interest of the stronger party” (Plato & Lane, 2007)). West and Turner’s account of the Rhetoric show that the first teachers of Rhetoric were the "Sophists”, who were nomadic teachers of public speaking that were respected for their intellect...
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...Florence Kelley Rhetorical Analysis Essay Social worker and reformer, Florence Kelley, in the speech she delivered to the convention of the National American Woman Suffrage Association in Philadelphia on July 22, 1905, argues the need for change in child labor. She supports her claim by first mentioning facts such as “no other portion of the wage earning class increased so rapidly”(Kelley), then by mentioning the hard lives children have, and finally by stating she will take a stand. Kelley’s purpose is to inform and influence the American Society in order to change child labor policies. Throughout her speech, Kelley uses the three rhetorical appeals to make the audience think, take action, and feel sympathetic. To begin with, Kelley used the rhetorical appeal, ethos, to establish her credibility and make the American Society question their morals. “But we are almost powerless. Not wholly powerless, however, are citizens who enjoy the right of petition. For myself, I shall use this power in every possible way…”(Kelley). By stating this, Kelley strengthened her ethos by portraying herself a role model, saying that she will do anything she can in her power to bring change. By using the...
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...Antony receives more love and support by the Plebeians than Brutus because of the way he uses pathos and remorse towards Caesar in his speech.Ethos is used in the beginning of each funeral speech by both Brutus and Antony. The two start the crowd with Brutus saying, “Romans, countrymen and lovers!” (III.ii.13) and Antony saying, “Friends, Romans, countrymen” (III.ii.63). The ethos in their speeches were able to win the crowds attention into listening to what was said and making one speech to be in favor of the other the way in which it was presented to them. Although, Antony decides to make an attack on Brutus’s character in the beginning by making the Plebeians feel hatred towards Brutus before he gets to speak his side of the story. Antony sarcastically restates that “Brutus is an honorable man” (III.ii.81). Antony is attempting to get the Plebeians on his side and against Brutus’s for a reason of them to dislike him in spiteful irony. Antony’s speech persuaded the crowd to go against Brutus. Yet once Brutus orates his speech, it is given in a way that signifies that he is talking down to the audience in a commoner to commoner...
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...unit. I will explain the concept, find an example of the related theory in action, and then identify how the example demonstrates how the particular type of persuasion is being applied. The first concept I will be discussing is Aristotle’s three artistic proofs. According to Aristotle, persuasion succeeds or fails based on three basic types of artistic proof (Larson, 2013). They include ethos, which is the credibility of the speaker, pathos, which is the emotional appeal, and logos, the logic behind the content. The first example will be an advertisement from Gatorade’s G Series (see figure 1). This ad uses ethos through the use of three famous athletes of their respected sport. By using famous athletes to endorse the product, the credibility of the product is established because the audience will buy into the effectiveness of the product since professionals are using it. Pathos is engaged by showing pictures of the athletes energized in competition, which in turn will help attain an emotion from the consumer, as they too will want to be energized if they consumed the product. The logos behind the piece is to draw in consumers to purchase the product, as they too will perform like these famous athletes if they purchase the product. The second concept is Enthymemes, defined as a form of argument in which the first or major premise in the proof remains unstated by the persuader and instead, is supplied by the audience (Larson, 2013). An example of this comes from a church...
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...Obama’s Remarks on Economic Mobility On December 4th, 2013 Barack Obama spoke on the subject of income inequality and upward mobility. This speech was delivered to, and hosted by, the Center for American Progress (CAP). The president uses striking language to appeal to the emotion and logic of the audience. Obama executes his appeals in a variety of ways with the express purpose of painting the issue of growing inequality and decreased upward mobility as the “defining challenge of our time.” President Obama describes these issues as what drives everything he does as POTUS. Obama’s speech was quite intellectual and technical, peppered in detail with the numbers and statistics of current social and economic inequalities, appealing to logos. While he builds his argument based on these substantial facts, the overall feeling of his language is that of compassion. This compassion seems to drive his purpose and thus emotionally connecting to his audience. Further, Obama appeals to ethos during his speech as he outlines how current market-caused inequalities are threatening everything that makes America great. Obama masterfully balances his passionate language with solid facts and straight-forward logic in this effectively persuasive speech. Before expanding upon the specifics of the rhetorical methods utilized by the president in this speech, I think it is important to highlight that the audience (CAP) is a public policy research and advocacy group that labels themselves as bold progressives...
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...Steve Jobs demonstrates pathos primarily by building on different emotions that correspond with the audience. Pathos is persuading by appealing to the emotions of the listeners. A way to appeal to a group’s pathos is to connect using emotions in order to build bridges and assure them you understand their journey (Lunsford 33). Steve Jobs accomplishes this argument by recounting his failures, particularly how he founded Apple and built it for over ten years to a two billion company, only to be fired from his own company. Jobs’ firing was a public failure that left him devastated. Anybody can relate to failure, especially young college adults. However, Jobs contends that character is built in the face of adversity; "Getting fired from Apple...
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...moderate, clergymen appeared in The Birmingham News. They attacked the demonstrations as "unwise and untimely" and concluded, "We do not believe that these days of new hope are days when extreme measures are justified in Birmingham. From his prison cell, King replied not only to the ministers' letter but also to an educated, white, middle-class audience, by writing his response in the margins of the newspaper and on toilet paper . "I have yet to engage in a direct action campaign that was well timed in the view of those who have not suffered from the disease of segregation," King, wrote in what was later published as the essay, Letter from Birmingham Jail. The 6500 word letter went on to explain and make clear to the clergy and to the world why the struggle against racism must not be deferred. King's main claim in this letter is that no matter what the circumstances are it is far beyond time for the black community to stand up and fight for what is rightfully theirs, the same rights and freedoms accorded to the white community. King effectively accomplishes this task through the structure of the essay and in his use of pathos, ethos, and logos to defend his arguments. King's structure of the essay is purposeful in its attempt to sway the audience into his way of thinking. King begins the essay by clarifying why he is in Birmingham to begin with. Secondly, King describes his direct action campaign, for this is why he is being attacked, his "unruly" behavior. He then explains...
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...DeVry University Date: August 3, 2014 Professor: Dr. Shane Gunderson Great Speeches Assignment: Majora Carter’s Greening the Ghetto Context Majora Carter’s “Greening the Ghetto” presentation is part of TED Talks, which took place in February 2006 in Monterey, CA. The topic of her speech was about the cause and affect of how sustainable development will save the South Bronx and other urban areas from themselves. Her example of the abandoned dog that she found and the inspiration of revitalizing the abandoned river the dog lead her to, give the impression to the listener that the dog was paying it forward. Audience The listening audience seemed to have people from different walks of life. As mentioned in her presentation, her audience was blessed with the gift of influence. One of those in the audience that has the gift of influence was Ex-Vice President Al Gore. Majora Carter’s frame of reference was composed of her personal experiences, goals, values, attitudes, knowledge, beliefs, and culture. (Simonds 85) Events Her presentation historically spoke about the South Bronx. She reference the demographics of the South Bronx in the 1940s being a majority Caucasian working class neighborhood, which underwent “white flight” during the minority migration into said neighborhood. She mentioned that during current years, how the city was burdened with power plants and waste facilities, which have caused an ever-increasing amount of health risk among the population. The...
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...Rhetorical situations are constantly occurring in our lives. But how do we recognize them? A rhetorical situation can happen in anything from an argument with a friend to something on a much larger scale like a presidential campaign speech. We see small rhetorical situations in commercials and even magazine and billboard adds. Rhetorical situations can be complicated so it is important for us to know how to properly analyze an argument but first we need to know what they are. Keith Grant-Davie defines a rhetorical situation as “a situation where a speaker or writer sees a need to change reality and sees that the change may be effected through rhetorical discourse.” (105). This definition is a little tricky but he later goes on to explain that within a rhetorical situation he finds four constituents: exigence, rhetors, audiences, and constraints (106). The Winter Park Florida advertisement book written by the WP Chamber of Commerce, is a great example to see how the four constituents can be used in an advertisement to create a well-made argument that attracts an audience. The first constituent, exigence, isn’t too difficult to determine in this piece. In the essay, “Rhetorical Situations and Their Constituents, Keith Grant-Davie defined exigence as “some kind of need or problem that can be addressed and solved through rhetorical discourse” (105). In otherwords it is the issue or challenge in an argument. The goal. In this brochure the exigence is quite clear, to get people...
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...analysis should include at least TWO scholarly sources outside of class texts. Directions Complete a close reading of the assigned public document. Then, write a cohesive essay that: 1. Introduces and summarizes the CDC website on ADHD. 2. Analyzes the rhetorical tools used on the site (here, you will want to incorporate ideas from your preanalysis below). For instance, your essay could analyze the CDC’s use of ethos, pathos, and logos. 3. Evaluates the site’s effectiveness (again, ideas from your preanalysis below will be helpful). This essay is NOT simply an expository or descriptive essay or an analysis of ADHD. It is an analysis of the site and how effectively the site uses rhetorical tools to get its point across. First Draft Grading * You will receive completion points for the first draft based upon the successful submission of your draft. * Because your first draft is a completion grade, do not assume that this grade reflects or predicts the final grade. If you do not consider your instructor’s comments, you may be deducted points on your final draft. Final Draft Grading The essay will be graded using a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations. Sources * Include in-text citations and a References page in GCU Style for at least TWO scholarly sources outside of class texts. * These sources should be used to support any claims you...
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...Rhetoric/Writing 131 Serving the People, Through the People “He’s never balanced a budget, but I have 11 times” stated William Jefferson Clinton in his acceptance speech at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. Clinton did an award winning job of giving a speech in such a way, that his audience felt personally connected with him and his motives. With Clinton’s comforting values and his impressive choice of words, he let his audience, the common middle-class Democrat, know that they were on the top of his agenda if he was elected as the President of The United States. Through the use of great wording and in-depth examples of his honorable values, Clinton demonstrated that he was the man for the job. Clinton appealed to many listeners by his care full use of ethos, these ethos included personal experiences and his demonstration of selflessness in whole. “I am a product of that middle class, and when I am President, you will be forgotten no more,” Clinton remarked. When Clinton made this statement, he had all of his viewers in mind. He showed that with his small town ethics, he could bring the power back to the people. A great example of this would be when Clinton stated, “The election is about putting power back in your hands and putting the government back on your side.” Clinton extensively thanked his mother for his fighting spirit and his courage in life. Before Clinton was born, his father died in an accident. His mother had a make a sacrifice, this sacrifice was...
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