...capturing his mercurial jumps in thought and description; his poetry is filled with unusual images and metaphor for the fact most of it deals with love and relations between the sexes (Moore 12). Besides “The Flea,” “The Good Morrow,” and others, “A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning” is another famous masterpiece for which John Donne is recognized. Izaak Walton, a contemporary of John Donne, stated that “A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning” was addressed to Donne’s wife, Anne More, on the occasion of his leaving for a continental trip in 1611 (Bloom 63). Donne’s poem is a good example that shows his metaphysical wit, a term was conferred on him along with his followers, George Herbert, Richard Crashaw, and others by Samuel Johnson, a critic and essayist in the eighteenth-century (Bloom12). To sum up, Donne’s “A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning” (Apr 84) is such a love and farewell speech among which he uses a series of simile, symbolism, and analogy to express his feelings and comfort his wife while he is abroad. Donne, in the first two stanzas, uses the image of virtuous men’s death as a metaphor to his separation from his wife to tell her their love is so great to be affected by their physical separation. The poem, “A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning,” opens with the image of “As virtuous men pass mildly away, / And whisper to their souls to go, / While some of their sad friends do say, / The breath goes now, and some say, no;” (1-4). The expression “As” Donne uses in the beginning...
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...课后练习参考答案 Chapter One Parts and Formats of Business Letters 1. Use the following information to type a letter: Human Resources, Global Securities World Financial Center, North Tower - 250 Vesey Street New York, NY 10281-1332 July 20, 2007 Professor Lyndon Kenton Business Department, University of Tennessee Kronxwille, Tennessee 37916 Dear Professor Lyndon Kenton, We are considering Joanne Tucker for our Analyst Training Program at Global Securities. She is a promising candidate, and we need more detailed information about her education and your opinion of her ability to handle the rigors of training. Ms. Tucker submitted your name not only as her professor but also as her faculty advisor. In addition to the long hours involved in training, candidates must have a sound, logical approach to problem solving. We are looking for people who are not afraid to express their ideas and who exude confidence in their manner and deed. The job of financial analyst requires not only technical knowledge of the market but also extensive people skills, and we appreciate any information about Joanne Tucker that will help guide our decision. We need your letter of recommendation no later than May 30, but would appreciate it earlier, if convenient. Your evaluation will be kept strictly confidential in accordance with our governing by-laws. Thank you for your time on Ms. Tucker's behalf. Sincerely yours, Sandra Blackmon 2. Read the following passage, list the...
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...COMPLAINTS CONCERNING DELIVERY As a Purchase Manager of GP write a complaint letter to the Sales Manager of XYZ Stationers, pointing out the damaged items sent to you by the supplier. A)Complaint concerning damaged goods Dear Sir Our order no bd-789 We ordered 890 compact discs on 7July and they were delivered yesterday. I regret that 45 of them are damaged. The package containing them appeared in perfectly good condition and I accepted and signed for it without question. It was on unpacking that I discovered the damage . I assume that this was due to careless handling at some stage prior to packing. I am enclosing a list of the damaged goods and shall be obliged if you will replace them. They have been kept aside in case you need them to support a claim on your suppliers for compensation. Yours faithfully Assuming that you are the Sales Manager of XYZ Stationers, come up with a suitable adjustment letter. b) Reply Dear Sir, I was sorry to learn from your letter of 12th may that some of the compact discs supplied to this order were damaged as they reached you. Replacements for the damaged have been sent by parcel post this morning. It will not be necessary for you to return the damaged goods; they may be destroyed. Despite the care we take in packing goods there have recently been a couple of reports of damage. To avoid further inconvenience and annoyance to customers as well as expenses to ourselves, we are now seeking the advice of a packaging consultant in...
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...LETTER WRITING TYPES OF BUSINESS LETTER * Enquiry and reply Enquiries for information about goods or services are sent and received in business all the time. They should be acknowledged as soon as possible or business may be lost. * Complaint and adjustment Complaints about goods or services are inevitable and need to be investigated immediately. Steps should be taken to rectify matters if goodwill is to be retained. * Job application, offer and reference A wide variety of letters pass back and forth in the recruitment process. * Financial Collection letters, credit requests and credit rating enquiries all come under this heading. * Circulars and mailshots To promote goods, services or special events, an organisation may send a letter simultaneously to many recipients. Word processors may be used to personalise such messages. * Sales letters Attracting potential customers in future promotions, new products or services, and special writing techniques have to be adopted in order to put over the products or services in an interesting and enthusiastic way. * Congratulations, sympathy, thanks Maintaining goodwill is important in business. Thank you letters are often sent after a dinner or other function. Messages of condolence may be sent on the death of a business associate or colleague. Congratulations may be sent to associates on promotion or other achievements. FULLY BLOCKED LAYOUT WITH OPEN PUNCTUATION The fully blocked...
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...Business Letter Writing The Importance of Letters Commercial correspondence is the correspondence you share with another party during the course of or in continuation of a business transcation. It is a very important part of business, primarily because it is a form of written documentation. It gives statement of objectives. Commercial correspondence is not only important to business; it is a critical aspect of business. Commercial correspondence acts as a reference point for any queries. A business letter is a formal way of communication between two or more parties. Business letter should be terse, clear and to the point. Businessmen are busy people, and have no time to read long, rambling and confused letters. Despite the popularity of faxes and e-mails letters are still a very important method of communication. Letters develop relationship, between friends, colleagues, important business contacts, even strangers. The nature of the relationship is reflected in the tone and style of the letter. Letters represent your company’s public image and your competence. Letters are more personal than a report, yet more formal than memo and email. Letters constitute an official legal record of an agreement. Letters provide a wide range of corporate information. Letters are ambassadors for you and for your organization; you cannot put across your message in person, so your letter acts on your behalf. Ensure that your letters portray you as a appropriable, caring, efficient and professional...
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...Parts of a Business Letter | Lesson 29: Writing Business Letters >>> Parts of a Business Letter | * The Heading (The Retern Address) or Letterhead - Companies usually use printed paper where heading or letterhead is specially designed at the top of the sheet. It bears all the necessary information about the organisation’s identity. * Date - Date of writing. The month should be fully spelled out and the year written with all four digits October 12, 2005 (12 October 2005 - UK style). The date is aligned with the return address. The number of the date is pronounced as an ordinal figure, though the endings st, nd, rd, th, are often omitted in writing. The article before the number of the day is pronounced but not written. In the body of the letter, however, the article is written when the name of the month is not mentioned with the day. * The Inside Address - In a business or formal letter you should give the address of the recipient after your own address. Include the recipient's name, company, address and postal code. Add job title if appropriate. Separate the recipient's name and title with a comma. Double check that you have the correct spelling of the recipient 's name. The Inside Address is always on the left margin. If an 8 1/2" x 11" paper is folded in thirds to fit in a standard 9" business envelope, the inside address can appear through the window in the envelope. * The Greeting - Also called the salutation. The type of salutation depends on...
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...First job (non-graduate) cover letter template Dear Sir/Madam (it’s better if you can address them by name e.g. Mr Smith or Ms Jones) I am writing to express my interest in the role of [job title or job reference number] as advertised on [where you saw the advert]. NOW TELL THEM YOU ARE WHAT THEY’RE LOOKING FOR AND WHY As you can see from my CV (attached), I have the enthusiasm and motivation to succeed in this role. [Although you’ve never had a job before, you can use examples from school and your life to show why you’d be good for the job…] I have all of the attributes you require, demonstrated by: 1. EXAMPLE: At school I headed up the school council/a school club where I led a team and organised fundraising events. We raised over £XX for charity by (explain how). 2. EXAMPLE: I was complimented by my teacher for a positive working attitude and a motivational spirit. They are happy to provide me with a glowing recommendation on request. 3. EXAMPLE: I am very driven with a passion to succeed. My exam results were particularly good (list, if so) and I joined in with lots of after-school activities. I’m not scared of hard work and I’m keen to prove myself in the workplace. REASSERT THE FACT THAT YOU ARE THE BEST CHOICE I can assure you that my life skills, drive to succeed and willingness to learn make me a strong candidate for this role. I possess all of the attributes you are looking for and this position is a perfect fit. I look forward to hearing...
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...J. J. Thomson J. J. Thomson Sir Joseph John Thomson, more commonly known as J. J. Thomson, was an English physicist who stormed the world of nuclear physics with his 1897 discovery of the electron, as well as isotopes. He is also credited with the invention of the mass spectrometer. He received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1906 and was knighted two years later in 1908. Professional and Technical Writing/Business Communications/Letters Professional and Technical Writing/Business Communications/Letters Business Letters Business letters are written messages to a person or group within a professional setting. Business letters are used when the writer would like to be formal and professional. Letters may vary in length depending on the writer's objective, purpose, and message of the letter. The letter can address anyone including, but not limited to: clients and customers, managers, agencies, suppliers, and other business personnel or organizations. It is important to remember that any business letter is a legal document between the interested parties. These documents can be held for up to seven years, so it is important that all information is honest and legitimate. The Difference Between a Business letter and other letters The main thing that differentiates a business letter from other letters is that a business letter is a legal document. The writer can be held liable for anything written in the letter. For example, if it is stated...
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...Language, Style & Genre B: Joe James, We met six weeks ago, when you visited to order some books. You were dissatisfied that we didn’t have that big an inventory. We sincerely hope all your questions were answered. One of the books you ordered has arrived. It is the book “Techniques in Teaching Writing” by Anne Raimes. The price has unfortunately gone up. We told you it would cost £8.30, but they’ve put it up to £11.75. The book will be waiting for you the next two weeks and if you don’t retrieve it by then, we have to send it back. We would prefer if you retrieve it before the deadline, since you ordered the book. We’ll be looking forward to see you again. Best regards, Sandra A: The language is very common. The woman writing the business related letter writes as if she was talking face to face with the costumer. There is a lot of exclamation marks and question marks, even though she is just informing the client that the book he ordered has arrived. Apollo Hotel Apartments Grivas Dighenis Ave Larnaca CYPRUS Wednesday, May 17th, 2007 Mrs Jenny Hargreaves 3, Birch Avenue Salisbury Wilts SB4 3RW ENGLAND Dear Mrs Hargreaves, This is to inform you that my husband, James, and I have arrived without incident at our destination, Larnaca in Cyprus. The average maximum daily temperature at present is 28°Celsius, and the average sea temperature is 18°. We therefore spend a considerable amount of time each day at the beach, where we swim and...
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...FOREWORD At no time during the last three or four decades have the communication skills of individuals in the business world come under closer scrutiny than today. And never before have those who work in the business world needed better, more effective communication skills. The emerging technology appears to be increasing, rather than decreasing, the need for effective communication skills. As more individuals have ready access to desk-top equipment to process written communication, fewer support personnel will be readily available to provide editing assistance. Therefore, welldeveloped communication skills among originators are more important to success than ever before. This book is suitable for several different audiences, including undergraduate and graduate students. The organization of this manual is a logic sequence of chapters including both business communication and correspondence. The first part is dedicated to business communication and the second to business correspondence. The special features found in this edition are: 1. Examples of effective letter writing. Studies have shown students studying written business communication can learn as much, if not more, from ineffective examples of written communication as they do from effective examples. 2. Varied application problems in the writing-oriented chapters. The number of problems has been increased. While the majority of problems require the writing of a letter or report, some are designed...
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...TPS-FASTT: A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning Title In other words, the title means, “If we’re apart, there is to be no mourning”. The word, “valediction” means an act of leaving or farewell, so when one is leaving or becoming farther apart from this other person, to mourn is not allowed. The poem could be referring to someone missing a loved one or partner because they are not physically next to each other and he wants to reassure the partner to not worry and miss him or her. This could also suggest to focus on other important subjects instead of mourning him or her for the whole time he or she is gone. Paraphrase In stanza one, the poet is stating that men who have done good deeds in their lives pass away peacefully without complaining while their sad friends debate whether if the person will die now or will live for a little longer. In stanza two, Donne is saying to let their love “melt” and not whine, just like the men mentioned before. He wants no crying and sobbing, or it will mean that our love will be abused or a lie. In stanza three, the poet describes how an earthquake invokes fear while the involuntary trembles of spheres do not because it is done without one’s conscious knowledge. In stanza four, Donne is saying that they both cannot accept the absence of each other’s partner or their love will be dull. In stanza five, he is saying that their love is so sophisticated and important that they don’t need their physical body next to each other in order to...
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...Both ‘A Valediction’ and ‘The Anniversary’ as two poems written by John Donne possess certain similarities, largely through Donne’s use of extended metaphor in both to portray his feelings of love. However, elements of these poems can also be seen as to greatly juxtapose with ‘A Valediction’ focussing on the concept of ‘greater love’ enduring distance whilst ‘The Anniversary’ seems to portray the same love, though enduring time. Both poems convey a sense of ‘higher love’ - a highly spiritual experience. In ‘A Valediction’ Donne writes of ‘Dull, sublunary lovers’ in comparison to himself and his wife, using assonance to amplify the portrayal of these lovers as heavy-sounding and truly physical rather than anything more spiritual. The adjective ‘dull’ creates a lack of brightness about most lovers in comparison to Donne, whilst as he adds ‘Whose soul is sense’ Donne uses sibilance to continue the peaceful and gentle air of the poem in order to replicate his love, rather than to portray the love of the ‘Dull, sublunary lovers’. Donne’s ‘refin’d’ love (syntactically placed at the end of the line for further weight in describing the innate majesty of Donne’s love) connotes that of a diamond – a precious commodity in the 17th century – to describe the rich wealth of his love to his wife, but also its rarity, whilst Marxist literary theorists perceive this to be a reference to Donne’s ‘hardly attainable’ love, only truly expressible in the higher classes. In ‘The Anniversary’ , Donne...
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...“Harlem” * Of the six images, five are similes. Which is a metaphor? Comment on its position and its effectiveness. “Or crust and sugar over-“ The metaphor helps create the shift in the poen and also gives a deeper meaning of what the poet is trying to say with greater impact. * What specific denotation has the word “dream”? Since the poem does not reveal the contents of the dreams, the poem is general in its implication. What happens to your understanding of it on learning that its author was a black American? The specific meaning of “dream” is to be in pursuit of something, or a goal on e wants to accomplish. The understanding of the poem reveal some struggles and hopelessness because as a black American in the early 1900s it was difficult to do anything or even aspire to dreams. “The author to Her Book” * Vocabulary: haiting, feet, meet, vulgars. Line 3-4 refer to the fact that Bradstreet’s book The Tenth Muse was published in 1650 without her permission. * Haiting : feet or impoerfect * Meet: to become aquainted with * Feet : standing position * Vulgars: ignorance of or lack of good breeding or taste, crude * The poem is an extended personification addressing her book as a child. What are similarities does the speaker find between a child and a book of poem? What does she plan to do now that her child has ben put on public display? “ill-formed offspring” tells that something was wrong with the baby, but in different...
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...“A Valediction: forbidding Mourning” Summary The speaker explains that he is forced to spend time apart from his lover, but before he leaves, he tells her that their farewell should not be the occasion for mourning and sorrow. In the same way that virtuous men die mildly and without complaint, he says, so they should leave without “tear-floods” and “sigh-tempests,” for to publicly announce their feelings in such a way would profane their love. The speaker says that when the earth moves, it brings “harms and fears,” but when the spheres experience “trepidation,” though the impact is greater, it is also innocent. The love of “dull sublunary lovers” cannot survive separation, but it removes that which constitutes the love itself; but the love he shares with his beloved is so refined and “Inter-assured of the mind” that they need not worry about missing “eyes, lips, and hands.” Though he must go, their souls are still one, and, therefore, they are not enduring a breach, they are experiencing an “expansion”; in the same way that gold can be stretched by beating it “to aery thinness,” the soul they share will simply stretch to take in all the space between them. If their souls are separate, he says, they are like the feet of a compass: His lover’s soul is the fixed foot in the center, and his is the foot that moves around it. The firmness of the center foot makes the circle that the outer foot draws perfect: “Thy firmness makes my circle just, / And makes me end, where I begun...
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...Protestant Christian faith in 1601 he believed that the meaning of life was through love. Donne ignores the reality of love and instead writes about what is outside reality, the metaphysical. In 1601 Donne secretly married a young seventeen-year-old girl by the name of Anne More. Donne wrote about how the love between him and his wife would go past this life and travel with them to the afterlife. After her death, Donne wrote “A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning” which describes his undying love for her. Donne made sure that his audience understood the significance of relationships, through the self-importance of "twin compasses"," thy soul, the fix'd foot", "making my circle perfect". The 17th century context is reflected in the representation of circular perfection which lifts the status of relationships. The purity of this love is also emphasised by the use of theological reference within “The Relique” with the mention of “the last busy day” and “Mary Magdelen”. As a result it is through Donne’s contextual connections within “The Relique” and “A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning” that one’s understanding of his poems can be developed along with the recurring theme of love. Donne's...
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