...SELF-CONTROL, FINANCIAL LITERACY, AND THE FINANCIAL BEHAVIORS OF YOUNG ADULTS Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Jodi C. Letkiewicz, B.S., M.S. Graduate Program in Human Ecology ******* The Ohio State University 2012 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Jonathan Fox, Advisor Dr. Catherine P. Montalto Dr. Robert Scharff Dr. Caezilia Loibl Copyright by Jodi C. Letkiewicz 2012 ii ABSTRACT The objective of this paper is to determine whether financial literacy can moderate the effects that self-control has on financial outcomes. Financial literacy is an oft cited solution to the myriad financial complexities faced by consumers. If financial literacy is effective it should help consumers overcome issues of self-control to encourage more fiscally responsible behaviors. Both economic and psychological theories of self-control are explored, and a conceptual model using the Big Five personality trait of conscientiousness as a measure of self-control is utilized. Data for this study come from the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY). Asset data in the study was collected in Rounds 9-13 when the respondents were 25 years old. The measure of conscientiousness was collected in Round 13 as part of the Ten-Item Personality Inventory...
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...improve and develop the learner’s literacy skills. Methods of analysis includes examining the needs from relevant stakeholders and the outcomes from a community of inquiry. Results of the research and feedback demonstrated that although students may possess English GCSE qualifications the business community and bodies such as OFSTED highlight that the level of literacy amongst today’s school leavers was not adequate in terms of the functional skill. The report highlights the importance of increasing student’s level of literacy and functional skills. There are areas specifically in terms of cross-curricular activities that could be further explored. The report recommends the creation of a learning tool in the form of a booklet to enable students to develop and improve their literacy skills within the business curriculum and thus the functional skill. Once the initial proposal was agreed in order to maintain focus throughout the project, SMART objectives were established and addressed, a time plan was created and the personal tutor was involved during the project (Refer to Appendix 1). Introduction ‘Literacy is a fundamental human right and the foundation of lifelong learning. It is fully essential to social and human development in its ability to transform lives. For individuals, families, and societies alike, it is an instrument of empowerment to improve one’s health, one’s income, and one’s relationship with the world.’ (UNESCO) Literacy skills has never been more important...
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...by the life expectancy at birth. * Knowledge, as measured by the adult literacy rate (with two-thirds weight) and the combined primary, secondary and tertiary gross enrolment ratio (with one-third weight). * A decent standard of living measured by GDP per capita. Wikipedia.org also described HDI thus “the Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic used to rank countries by level of "human development" and separate "very high development", "high human development", "medium human development", and "low human development" countries. The statistic is composed from data on life expectancy, education and per-capita GNI (as an indicator of standard of living or income) collected at the national level”. In summary, Human Development Index is the United Nation measure of well-being in countries of the world. Calculating the Human Development Index It is worthy of note that the HDI can be calculated. Calculating the HDI will require the creation of index for each of the already identified dimensions. To calculate these dimension indices- life expectancy, education and GDP indices-minimum and maximum values (goalposts) are chosen for each underlying indicator. Performance in each dimension is expressed as a value between 0 and...
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...Media Literacy Project medialiteracyproject.org Introduction to Media Literacy Media literacy is a set of skills that anyone can learn. Just as literacy is the ability to read and write, media literacy refers to the ability to access, analyze, evaluate and create media messages of all kinds. These are essential skills in today's world. Today, many people get most of their information through complex combinations of text, images and sounds. We need to be able to navigate this complex media environment, to make sense of the media messages that bombard us every day, and to express ourselves using a variety of media tools and technologies. Media literate youth and adults are better able to decipher the complex messages we receive from television, radio, newspapers, magazines, books, billboards, signs, packaging, marketing materials, video games, recorded music, the Internet and other forms of media. They can understand how these media messages are constructed, and discover how they create meaning – usually in ways hidden beneath the surface. People who are media literate can also create their own media, becoming active participants in our media culture. Media literacy skills can help children, youth and adults: • Understand how media messages create meaning • Identify who created a particular media message • Recognize what the media maker wants us to believe or do • Name the "tools of persuasion" used • Recognize bias, spin, misinformation and lies • Discover the part of the story...
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...TUTORIAL 1 1. The difference between computer literacy and information literacy is as follows: * Information literacy is the ability to access, organize, evaluate and use information from various sources. * Computer literacy is having the knowledge to use technology in order to manipulate computer software or hardware. There is a strong correlation between the two, but they are still different. Both concepts use critical thinking, but information literacy goes beyond knowledge and access in learning more. To be clearer, with information literacy one is taking what has been read and learned and applying it. With computer literacy one can have the knowledge but not necessarily know how to use it or apply it. Basically, with information literacy one will take the knowledge to the next step by using the access to organize, use and evaluate what has been found. With computer literacy one has the technology to manipulate the computer, but they may not have the information to continue on through the process and derive a conclusion based on evaluations and organization. Computer literacy, if you want to think of it in steps, is the literacy before information literacy in which the person is on their way to gaining the extra knowledge they need in order to apply what is currently known. Information literacy also requires one to have awareness in how information systems work and the link between information need, sources and channels. 2. 3. The research...
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...Predictors of Reading Literacy in the Netherlands Drs. Andrea Netten, National Language Center, The Netherlands Prof. dr. Ludo Verhoeven, National Language Center, The Netherlands Dr. Mienke Droop, National Language Center, The Netherlands Abstract The purpose of this study was to construct a longitudinal model that predicts reading literacy at the end of primary school. The data of 822 students who participated on a combined PRIMA and PIRLS 2001 study and PRIMA 2003 study were analyzed. The following student variables were considered for the model predicting Reading Literacy in grade 6: Nonverbal Intelligence, Home Reading Resources, Decoding, Language Comprehension, Mathematics, Reading Motivation, Academic Self-confidence and Reading Literacy in grade 4. The fit of the model was found to be good. The model explained 62% of the variance in Reading Literacy in Grade 6. The three school-learned skills that were entered in the model; Language, Decoding and Mathematics have proven to be important predictors for reading literacy. With respect to the two variables measuring attitudes, Reading Motivation and Academic Self-Confidence, it can be concluded that they contributed, either direct or indirect, to the prediction of reading literacy in grade 6, although they explained only a small part of the variance. Introduction For a student to become a successful and productive adult in society, good reading skills are essential. To refer to the demands for literacy in today’s society the...
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...Determinants of Financial Literacy among Youth: Case of Amritsar City Dr. Arwinder Singh Assistant Professor/Department of Commerce Guru Nanak Dev University Regional Campus, Gurdaspur, Punajb, India #08968092299 arwinder.gndu@yahoo.com Nitika Bhandari (Corresponding Author) Assistant Professor/Department of Commerce Khalsa College for Women, Amritsar, Punjab, India #08146993589 Nitika3088@gmail.com Determinants of Financial Literacy among Youth: Case of Amritsar City Abstract Financial markets around the world have become increasingly accessible to everyone but financial products are becoming more complex and difficult to grasp for an average individual. Therefore it is of paramount importance to equip the Youth with Financial Literacy so that they can manage their own finances and securing their financial future. The present study is carried out with the objective to find out the determinants of financial literacy of the youth. The major determinants that influence the financial literacy are required to be sought in order to deal with the complexities of current financial markets and products. Data has been collected through primary sources by framing questionnaire answered by 100 respondents in Amritsar. Factor Analysis has been used to analyse the data. The analysis revealed five underlying dimensions namely Interest in Financial Issues, Financial Behaviour, Saving habits, Financial Attitude and Financial Awareness. The results...
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...Bringing together creativity and literacy POSTED IN CREATIVE LITERACY We all know that literacy is the ability to read and write but the definition of creative is a little harder to define: it can be the ability to solve problems or being able to use your imagination. Bringing creativity and literacy together can be a powerful tool in teaching, writes Tonya Meers Creativity is characterised by originality and expressiveness, so it can mean making something or it can be something new and innovative. Sir Ken Robinson has said that “Creativity is about working in a highly focused way on ideas and projects, crafting them into their best forms and making critical judgements along the way.” Bringing creativity and literacy together can be a powerful tool in teaching. It allows children to be active in literacy, from acting out plays through characters that they’ve made themselves or through making props. It allows children to explore their imaginations. Getting involved in a story re-enforces the learning and can also teach practical skills, for example, working with templates or basic sewing. Children are naturally creative, if you stop and listen to them they often are natural storytellers. They love to make things up and will very often have imaginary worlds they will refer to. They also love to get involved in making things, giving them a sense of achievement. If they are engaged they will learn more, so it’s about harnessing their ability to soak up information...
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...De La Salle University Ramon V. del Rosario College of Business Management and Organization Department Service Learning Proposal Form Section: GTA Group Members: Aduana, April (Apes) Chan, Kristin Leslie (Ten) Cheng, Kevin Jayson Torres, Kristine Anne L. (Tin) Organization/Agency: NA/ Aetas in Brgy. Camias Porac, Pampanga Contact Name: Dave Baalan Title: Share Literacy Program for Pampanga’s Aetas Community Telephone: 09292098431 Fax: N/A E-mail: N/A Website: http://karapatria.com/aeta_school.html Address: Barangay Camias City: Porac, Pampanga City 1. What is the mission/purpose of your organization? Mission: In line with the Lasallian Business leaders code of ethics, the purpose of our group is to embody knowledge, moral values and sustainable development with the intention of addressing the needs of the Aetas community. Through the use of literacy medium in reading, writing and basic math. Quote: “Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day ; Teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime” (Maimonides ,1229) 2. Please list the primary population(s) served? (youth, seniors, children, homeless, etc.) According to our source, the estimated population in the community is 500 which consists of 150 families with age brackets as follows: * Adult population: 30 years old and above * Youth population: 12 to 29 years old * Infant to child population: 1 month to 11 years old Please see below...
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...proclaimed International Literacy Day by UNESCO on November 17, 1965. It was first celebrated in 1966. Its aim is to highlight the importance of literacy to individuals, communities and societies. On International Literacy Day each year, UNESCO reminds the international community of the status of literacy and adult learning globally. Celebrations take place around the world.[1] Some 775 million adults lack minimum literacy skills; one in five adults is still not literate and two-thirds of them are women;[2] 60.7 million children are out-of-school and many more attend irregularly or drop out.[3] According to UNESCO’s "Global Monitoring Report on Education for All (2006)",[4] South and West Asia has the lowest regional adult literacy rate(58.6%), followed by sub-Saharan Africa (59.7%), and the Arab States (62.7%). Countries with the lowest literacy rates in the world are Burkina Faso(12.8%), Niger (14.4%) and Mali (19%). The report shows a clear connection between illiteracy and countries in severe poverty, and between illiteracy and prejudice against women. Celebrations of International Literacy Day have included specific themes, in line with Education For All goals and other United Nations programs such as the United Nations Literacy Decade. The celebration's theme for 2007 and 2008 was “Literacy and Health”, with prizes awarded to organizations at the forefront of health education.[5] This was also the thematic emphasis of the 2007-2008 biennium of the United Nations Literacy Decade.[6] In...
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...Chapter 1 1) Criss Jamie states, “Just because something isn't a lie does not mean that it isn't deceptive. A liar knows that he is a liar, but one who speaks mere portions of truth in order to deceive is a craftsman of destruction.” No matter what form of communication or means we employ our ability to understand the message, the process, and manufacture an accurate, clear, and mindful message are required. Rather than deceive and destroy, whether we encode or decode in mass communication, we have a responsibility to be true rather than deceive and build rather than destroy. This brings me to the three most important terms media literacy, the third-person effect, and technological determinism. Our proficient understanding of any form of media is important because it cultivates our interpretations and views. Media literacy encompasses many elements and skills without them we are not capable of responsible communications. Second, the third-person effect is very dangerous especially when we overestimate the effect of a media message on others and under estimate the effect on our self. If we do not recognize the influence of a certain media message, our vulnerability to it is increased. In order to be objective, we need to recognize the influence of media on us as individuals so we can overcome this influence and objectively comprehend or compose a communication. Lastly, technological determinism not only changes how we do business, but also develops our intellect and transforms...
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...Young people in the 21st century do not value literature as a essential tool to expand their creativity. The decline of literacy in young Americans has a negative effect on intellect, and often political matters. The lack of literacy puts a damper on fundamental character building and mental skills needed in the work place, Dana Gioia reveals that reading in the business world is a important skill to have, and studies describe the literacy characters on the members of the 21st century as, “not linear, logical, and analytical talents.” Unskillful traits like these are not particarly in favor due to business leaders looking for, “consistently set imagination, creativity, and higher-order thinking at the top” as their set standards. Because...
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...people communicating organizational policies and procedures, collecting resumes, explaining company benefit packages, etc. In the past two decades, the internet has become a powerful information tool that has revolutionized business practices by facilitating changes in how organizations conduct business. The purpose of this paper is to describe how information literacy influences the Human Resource profession and how the internet has effected change in how HR departments deliver services as well. Implementing electronic human resources (e-HR) to conduct Human Resources (HR) transactions using internet technology has manipulated not only individual performance and behaviors ensuring business success it has revolutionized how people view HR (2010). Human Resources Office (HRO) The concept of Information Literacy in the Forest Service HRO and its influence is constantly evolving. The Albuquerque Service Center creates and designs ten Human Resource Offices across the United States based upon the need for HR operational expertise and superior customer service to meet service team requirements. Information Literacy influences the HRO functional effectiveness by ensuring compliance to government and agency...
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...Although there are many professional dispositions an effective literacy coach should exhibit, I feel one of the most important is the understanding that both students and teachers come with a variety of strengths and needs. An effective literacy coach knows how to build on the strengths and teach to the needs. Providing teacher support, developing content knowledge in literacy, demonstrating understanding of effective instructional practices and promoting a positive professional learning community are all professional dispositions that an effective literacy coach should demonstrate skill in. Skilled literacy coaches value relationships and work hard to build trust with the teachers they support. When a respectful partnership is created between...
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...sanctions placed on felons and inmates. Collateral sanctions create low education, lack of opportunities, which increase crime and inequality. However, the government does offer programs fund by the state and federal government to promote education for future success. Some programs are The Charles W. Colson Scholarship and Prison Entrepreneurship Program. The programs are plans and strategies to develop and maintain a higher level of quality to living after prison. In addition, United States in 2009 established re-entry program called Justice Program, which provides felons with assistance for job placement, vocational training programs, temporary housing, and mentoring opportunities. However, the Justice Program does not included literacy program to improve one’s ability to read and write. The grants from the Justice Program for ex-convicts are based on qualification within correctional institutions, nonprofits, and religious organizations. Furthermore, education and programs with rehabilitation is essential to reduce crime and release positive citizens into society. Education allows prisoner to find a secure job. Education increase self-esteem, something that may be missing from the lives of many of these individuals (Aborn, Van Den Toorn, Hockin, Jordon, Nayvelt, nd Finkelstein, 1999). For example, in article “The California Prison and Rehabilitation System” by Aborn, Van Den Toorn, Hockin, Jordon, Nayvelt, and Finkelstein (1999) reads, “Education provides prisoners...
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