...that we drive. Improvements in technology have contributed substantially to increased productivity in U.S. industry. Yet in recent years, political pressures to balance the federal budget have eroded the proportion of the budget devoted to basic research, the underpinning of scientific and technological advances. Scientists have understood the potentially debilitating consequences of this, but many citizens have not. President Clinton's budget for fiscal 1999 would begin to reverse this trend, if Congress accepts his proposals, but our information media still need to do a much better job of helping scientists communicate the substance and importance of their work. As visiting scholars at the Freedom Forum's First Amendment Center at Vanderbilt University, we conducted a survey of 2,000 journalists and editors and 2,000 scientists and engineers to determine how the two groups felt about each other. We also wanted to find ways to improve their relationship and thus increase the amount of accurate and useful scientific information in the media. The results of the survey, published in our recent report, "Worlds Apart," showed that neither scientists nor journalists think the media do a good job of explaining science to the public. We asked both groups to rate how effectively the major media communicate scientific news. Both groups gave national newspapers such as The New York Times and The Washington Post the best ranking, but neither group considered any of the media to be doing...
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...based off of three men, Rockefeller, Vanderbilt, and Carnegie, each played a very important role in making America what it is today. Rockefeller made a monopoly off of standard oil. Vanderbilt made a monopoly of the railroad system in America while Carnegie made a monopoly from steel. The men had many accomplishments throughout their lives. John D. Rockefeller was born on July 8, 1839 and was an American industrialist and philanthropist. He founded Standard Oil which dominated the oil industry and became the first great U.S. business trust. Standard Oil began as an Ohio partnership formed by John D. Rockefeller, his brother William Rockefeller, Henry Flagler, Jabez Bostwick, chemistSamuel Andrews, and a silent partner, Stephen V. Harkness. Adjusting for inflation, he is often regarded as the richest person in history. Rockefeller spent the last 40 years of his life in retirement. His fortune was mainly used to create the modern systematic approach of targeted philanthropy. He was able to do this through the creation of foundations that had a major effect on medicine, education, and scientific research. When he died on May 23, 1937 he left his son John D. Rockefeller Jr. was entrusted with the supervisions of the foundations. Cornelius Vanderbilt was born on May 27, 1794 and was also an American industrialist and philanthropist. Vanderbilt made his fortune in the shipping and railroads industry. He was also the patriarch of the Vanderbilt family and one of the richest Americans...
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...Robber Barons played a huge role in westward expansion as well as the connection between the eastern and western parts of the United States. Names such as Cornelius Vanderbilt, James Hill, and Edward Harriman were all railroad tycoons who shaped the way America transported goods, as well as themselves. After the civil war America entered a second industrial revolution, where capitalism grew, and business tycoons took advantage of poverty and dependence from the American public. These Business tycoons, also known as Robber Barons, were able to take advantage of the way the country was and make money off it. In the late 1800s, wealthy industrialists controlled much of America’s wealth. Many of these "Robber Barons" took advantage of post-Civil...
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...Cornelius Vanderbilt was a very tough and competitive man that began off of one simple ferry boat which soon became a large fleet of ships that transported goods and passengers all around the country, earning the nickname “Commodore”. Once Vanderbilt realised that railroads would be the next big thing for travel and shipping, he decided to sell every last one of his ships and invest all of his earnings into creating the largest railroad industry the world has yet to see. After losing his son during the Civil War, he gave his other son William Vanderbilt, the title of Operations Director for the Hudson railroad which led negotiations with his competitions. Vanderbilt owned the Albany bridge which was the only bridge that lead into the city of...
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...The famous robber barons of the late eighteenth century, early nineteenth century were ruthless businessmen. Our group researched some of these famous barons. We researched Vanderbilt, Morgan, Carnegie, Rockefeller, and Duke. After researching each one the team decided which having a museum created in their memory and honor should honor one. Cornelius Vanderbilt was crude and ungenerous man that always got his revenge. Although he played a large role in the industrial revolution and created many jobs, by the end of his life he had only give away $1 million dollars to Nashville’s Vanderbilt University. During the Civil War he also donated his largest and fastest steamship, named the Vanderbilt and built for around $1 million, to the Union Navy. The vessel was used to chase down Confederate raiders. Andrew Carnegie was picked over Mr. Vanderbilt because Carnegie made more contribution to society and organizations. We did not pick J.P. Morgan because all he seemed to be involved with was banking which appeared to be boring to us. We did not find much personal information about Morgan and while he did give, he did not give much. The only interesting information we could find about Rockefeller is that he owned the Standard Oil Company after J.P. Morgan. Other than that, there weren’t many ideas created that...
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...A robber baron is an American capitalist in the 19th century who acquired a fortune by ruthless and sometimes corrupt means. These wealthy businessmen were often owners or associates of monopolies. Even though robber barons were considered evil, the did contribute a lot to the American economy. Robber barons were good for our country because they rose the standard of living, helped with industrialization, and gave some of their money back to society. At that time, there were many big businesses that need a lot of people to work for them. Both Americans and European immigrants worked for the robber barons. There was a multitude of opportunities waiting for them, especially immigrants since they were constantly being sought after and hired...
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...Cornelius Vanderbilt Vanderbilt was born on May 27, 1794 on Port Richmond in Staten Island. Vanderbilt’s father struggled with farming in Staten Island and managing a boat in New York City. Cornelius did not have much of an education, just a little bit. During his childhood he helped his dad and learned to navigate more than he attended school. When Vanderbilt was 16 years old he bought a small vessel to bring people from Staten Island to NYC and vice versa. During the war of 1812 Vanderbilt owned a fleet of schooners and was in charge of the largest one. He became known for his bravery. Vanderbilt never fought in the navy, he just wanted to make some money. In 1818 the competition for steamboats was not as popular so he became a captain for a man named Thomas Gibbons. Gibbons owned a ferry that ran between New...
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...to be no reason for buying newspaper anymore.. but will printed papers really die out? It was barely 20 years ago, when the first newspapers went online, and it is no more then ten years ago, when the editors of leadings newspapers realized how threathful a new invention called „web 2.0“ actually was. It was the time when bloggers all over the world started to share their politcal experiences and opinions, when every internet user got a voice and when an user could download and share millions of information or photos for free. There had been voices that claimed that print would vanish within years. Several newspapers died, and many others struggle untill today with sinking readership. There is one question stiring up the traditional journalism: Does the printed newspaper as we know it from our breakfast table even have a future? Most of the readers are not willing to pay money for information they can get for free in the internet. And there are more reasons: informations are always updated, they are always and everywhere available and, thanks to web 2.0, every user can comment or sent an article to his friends. Additionally, the author can link his article to other mediaplattforms such as youtube or twitter. Compared to the printed newspaper, there are only few drawbacks left. Some people like the actual look and feel of a newspaper, the smell and the sensual experience. Others like it for tradition. This seems to be sentimental or nostalgic, however these are not longterm...
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...WORLD PRESS FREEDOM ,OTHER SIDE OF THE COIN WORLD PRESS FREEDOM ,OTHER SIDE OF THE COIN AAAS 63/5-L SAHIWAL +923006927563 5/5/2011 AAAS 63/5-L SAHIWAL +923006927563 5/5/2011 AKRAM SAQIB Freedom of press is the most wanted freedom but it is being abused everywhere in the world. The powerful states deem it their right to use press for their covert purposes. AKRAM SAQIB Freedom of press is the most wanted freedom but it is being abused everywhere in the world. The powerful states deem it their right to use press for their covert purposes. World Press Freedom Day, Other Side of the Coin On 3rd of May every year, soon after the termination of the Labour Day activities world press freedom day is observed. Freedom of press is a perpetual issue. There is always divided opinion over rights and duties of press. The media owners and journalists are always of the view that there should be liberty of they are bound to the futile rules and regulations and have no freedom to express the truth. On the other hand the ministries of the information argue that they have given extra ordinary freedom to the press. In fact these two opinions are the two extremes. The situation is in between these two states. Media insists on knowing more and more in order to astonish their viewers and readers. There is a lot of evidence that media aggrandize the matters always or conceal facts due to some overt purposes. Each and every country has formulated laws to control the media. There is code of conduct for...
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...| Course Syllabus College of Humanities HUM/186 Version 3 Media Influences on American Culture WCFYS0712 | Copyright © 2012, 2011, 2009 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Start Date: Tuesday, 8/28/2012 Week 2: Tuesday, 9/4/2012 Week 3: Tuesday, 9/11/2012 Week 4: Tuesday, 9/18/2012 Week 5: Tuesday, 9/25/2012 Course End Date: Tuesday, 9/25/2012 Facilitator Information Ststeve Headley sheadley@email.phoenix.edu (University of Phoenix faculty) Steve.Headley@phoenix.edu (work) 727-642-4993 (cell) 513-551-5144 (Work) Course Description The course provides an introduction to the most prominent forms of media that influence and impact social, business, political, and popular culture in contemporary America. It explores the unique aspects of each medium as well as interactions across various media that combine to create rich environments for information sharing, entertainment, business, and social interaction in the United States and around the world. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are...
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...The intensity of today's media coverage has been greatly magnified by the sheer number andtypes of media outlets that are available today. Intense competition for the most revealingphotographs and the latest information on a subject has turned even minor media events intoso-called "media frenzies". Reporters are forced by the nature of the competition to pry everdeeper for an angle on a story that no one else has been able to uncover. With this type of media coverage, it does become more and more likely that anyone who is subjected to it willhave his or her reputation tarnished, as no individual is perfect. Everyone makes mistakes. Theadvances in technology have made much information easily and instantaneously available.Technology has also made it easier to dig further than ever before into a person's past,increasing the possibility that the subject's reputation may be harmed.The above statement is much too broad, however. "Anyone" covers all people all over theworld. There are people whose reputations have only been enhanced by media scrutiny. Thereare also people whose reputations were already so poor that media scrutiny could not possiblydiminish it any further. There may very well be people that have done nothing wrong in thepast, at least that can be discovered by the media, whose reputations could not be diminishedby media scrutiny. To broadly state that "anyone" subjected to media coverage will have his orher status sullied implies that everyone's reputation worldwide is...
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...Section A: Narrative/Descriptive/Imaginative Writing 1 Write a descriptive piece called The Workplace. In your writing focus on colours, sounds and textures to help your reader imagine the scene. 2 ‘Thunder could be heard rumbling faintly in the distance; rain began to spit from the sky; the wind was beginning to rise. The island lay just before them. They needed shelter and needed it now …’Continue a short story from this opening. In your writing create a sense of mood and place. (You do not have to complete the story.) 3 Write the opening chapter of a novel called The Outlaw. In your writing create a sense of character and motivation of someone who lives outside the law. 4 Imagine you have been imprisoned for thirty years and are released into a world which has changed enormously. Write a piece which conveys your new sights and sensations in contrast to the world you once knew. Section B: Discursive/Argumentative Writing 5 Does capitalism work? Give detailed reasons to support your views. 6 Two different newspapers cover the same national news event. One of the newspapers reports matters in a formal and restrained style, while the other offers a dramatic and sensationalised approach. Write these two contrasting pieces (between 300–450 words each). 7 ‘Astrology? Fortune telling? Prophecies? They’re all nonsense.’ Do you agree? 8 You are participating in a national speaking competition organised for students by the Ministry of Education. You are asked to deliver...
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...When I read a claim in a newspaper or magazine that is unsubstantiated, I usually just view it as a marketing strategy or someone’s opinion. Most present day newspaper articles or stories are mostly aimed at grabbing reader’s attention with the ultimate aim of increasing sales. Some reported stories and articles are based in facts and real events, however, reporters and journalists still add their opinions or touch to it. Similarly, Magazines, especially the Tabloids, entice readers with attention grabbing titles but most of the stories and reports more often than not turn out to be false and completely bogus. I approach my research papers by carefully thinking about my audience and also the topic of the research. Also, I think about everything I would need for this research and try to have all of my resources at my fingertips. Knowing I will solely depend on the internet, library, & books I will focus on each of them for reliable sources. My biggest challenge in doing a research paper, will probably be the whole process, considering the amount of time it will take to do an actual research paper. The research paper has to contain facts and sources that has been peer reviewed. It can’t be full of your personal opinions. I would say looking for reliable resources for the research paper would also be a challenge. Some tips that I think would help myself and other people while doing a research paper would be to make sure we understand the research assignment. Prepping...
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...News Media Hey, My first major assignment for this political campaign was very difficult for me. I had to extensive research of websites such as Drudge Report, Daily Kos and Colbert nation to get some sort of political background. This being my first assignment I was focused on being fair, honest and providing a balanced coverage. As easy as that may sound it wasn’t easy at all. It’s easy to read information about this political campaign and develop an opinion of myself and start writing about it. Then I go back over it and then I’m thinking in no way is that a neutral stand point and I have to start all over. If I am not writing about my opinion about the campaign it easy to write about others especially if you are in agreement with someone else. When researching bout this campaign it is important to decipher between another’s biased opinion or just general information. I really wanted to provide information in my article to allow the public to develop an opinion of their own instead of forcing my own opinion on them or influencing them by providing a strong argument. Which I really do believe I could have done. Going back to these sites, I never realized how biased they can be it was hard for me to even find non biased information throughout these internet sites. I guess I never realized it because I was never looking for it but when looking for a neutral standpoint...
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...Thomas Jefferson, the principal author of the Declaration of Independence and the third President of the United States, recognized that principle before either the constitution or the bill of rights in 1786 when he wrote “Our liberty cannot be guarded but by the freedom of press, not that be limited without danger of losing it.” It is precisely when the free press is telling us what we don’t want to hear, when it’s challenging government officials, exposing government misconduct and refusing to be the unofficial mouthpiece of any government agency, that the press stands most in need of peoples’ protection. The form of media that we commonly refer to as the "news," disseminates information with the primary goal of informing the citizenry and, thereby, the democracy. This is in contrast to the political / entertainment media which diffuses information with the primary goal of generating profit, money and/or political power, regardless of its impact on democracy. Because media, generally, has no citizenship (media is not human), no form of media has an inalienable right to freedom of speech. However, as part of its information-providing role and in order to fulfill its vital mission, the news media must be free to report its observations that are facts regardless of the potential outcomes. In other words, media has an inherent duty to observe, investigate and report to the public about government and political process, and must, therefore, be able to report those observations...
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