...security by the United State congress. Why or the reason for the creation of this department is to integrate all existing agencies, and ensure the United State nation security (online Source:http://www.dhs.gov/xabout/structure/) Example more focus has been concentrated on domestic terrorism, the FBI for example, assigned out of its 27000 agents, 4000 agents to counter terrorism activities. Another example is the Naturalization service and immigration, which reorganizes in order to expand enforcement duties. Have the number of victims of racial profiling increased over the last decade? The number of racial profiling has increased over the last decade. According to Khalid Saeed, a director of American Muslim Voice in Northern California, the federal agencies in their fight of terrorism have used this reason to discriminate and degrade certain groups of people. The government also has increased its reliance on racial profiling. The racial profiling mostly applies to...
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...Running head: CRJ310A-1103A-02 Crime Victims Studies CRJS310-1103A-02 Crime Victim Studies AIU Online Instructor: Tony Gaskew Jacqueline Hunter IP# 4 The definition of domestic terrorism in the United States has changed over the years. It is believed that the act of domestic terrorism occurred long before any legal definition came into play. The FBI Terrorist Research defined domestic terrorism as “the unlawful use of force or violence committed by a group of two or more individuals, also against a person or property to intimidate or coerce a government. Under current Law in the United States the act of terrorism are those which involve human lives that are a violation of the criminal law of the United States or of any State, this was set forth by the USA Patriot Act. Terrorism has abruptly has moved to the center of the public and has become a household subject matter and also many levels of politics, law and criminal justice. The September 11, attack change the way law enforcement respond to the threat and reality of terrorism. The World Trade Center attack had a ripple affect that could be felt across the world and this led to major reorganization of counter- terrorism policing. The United States the most striking change in policing has been a sudden expansion of police powers, justified by the tragedy and devastation of the attack. This expansion brought about a new refocusing of resource and the restructure of the federal, state, and local police agencies. There...
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...V. 2. Part 1-Racial profiling: a brief history and background: Profiling began in the early 1970’s by the drug enforcement agency and it focused on certain behaviors. By the 1980’s when Reagan declared the war on drugs, skin color became a major profile component and enforcement of drug laws became to take on the street level rather than just in airports and the focus was increasingly on poor communities of color. By 1985, the DEA had trained thousands of police officers to employ the "pretextual traffic stop", a legal name for racial profiling, and refers to the practice of stopping drivers, particularly those of color, for minor traffic violations for the purpose of searching their cars for drugs, guns, or cash. In 1986, the DEA introduced...
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...effect on their opinion on law enforcement’s use of racial profiling. When it comes to racial profiling there are people who support that use of it and others completely reject the idea of police use of racial profiling. “Personal experiences with the police, particularly those in which residents believe they have been the target of racial profiling, have also emerged as strong predictors of perceptions about profiling. Perhaps not so surprisingly, bad experiences with police have been found to negatively impact perceptions of police” (Graziano et al. 2010 p 4). This quote is significant because it tells us that people who have bad...
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...The Impact of Racial Profiling on Society Racial profiling, a topic that has plagued society for generations due to discrepancies between the police and minority groups that never seems to end. In the eyes of minority groups, racial profiling is seen as a tool by which police officers can unreasonably arrest individuals for crimes based solely on the colour of their skin. This has slowly turned into a term known a DWB (Driving While Black) and has lead to many public outrages, enlarging the fact that police are seen as the big bad wolf and not the country’s source of protection. The question is whether racial profiling is an effective and reasonable tool by which criminal offences are brought to justice or just another reason for racial discrimination....
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...Racial Profiling: Black Male Drivers By Baker McNair For Ethical Issues in Criminal Justice Administration Professor Dr. Phillip R. Neely, Jr. Saint Leo University October 15, 2012 Table of Contents Abstract 3 Introduction 4 Literature Review 5 Methodology 6 Data Analysis 7 Conclusion/Recommendation 8 Appendix A 9 Survey 10 References 11 Abstract Racial Profiling Black Males Drivers Over the past several years, the use of race by law enforcement agencies in their policing has received national attention across the United States of America (USA). There is a strong controversy regarding “racial profiling”, centering on police departments’ practices related to traffic stops- examining whether police have targeted drivers on the basis of their race or ethnicity, especially in regards to black male drivers. This poses a potential problem when the very people who take oaths of office to protect and to serve community are seen abusing. Ethically, police officers in the role of crime fighters should focus on all violators of the law regardless of gender, race, creed, or color. They are entrusted to enforce the law, not violate it. Many of law enforcement officers are ethical and professional. However, there are those officers that abuse their power to target individuals of certain ethic groups with unequal enforcement of the law. Enforcing the law based on the color of a person skin is...
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...traffic stops (Whitney 264). Racial profiling has been a very heated issue in the U.S. for many years. It happens when police target a person for something due to their race, national origin, or ethnicity. Race is the main characteristic that authorities look into when engaging in this type of profiling. There are many young talented black males that are being killed, mistreated, and imprisoned just based on their race. Throughout time, the law enforcement has taken advantage of the racial profiling to discriminate, harass, and arrest many people of different races. Racial profiling is the targeting of individuals...
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...groups function together under the rule of law to maintain the law within society. Despite its important role, there is a sufficient amount of evidence that blacks and aboriginal people are over-represented in the criminal justice system. The logic behind this problem is that racial discrimination and profiling is present, or it is the result of the differential offending patterns of the minority. After researching, I believe that aboriginal and blacks are over-represented in the criminal justice system due to racial discrimination and profiling. My reasoning behind this is based on the collected data that supports the fact that racial discrimination and profiling is apparent in the criminal justice system. Racial discrimination and profiling is most associated with the police, and that is strictly because they are the first contact with the suspects, victims, citizens, and the offenders. I also believe that the causes of the problem and the potential solutions are the same for both aboriginal and black people. The only variable that might alter the causes of the problem, and the potential solutions is the location in which the aboriginal and blacks live in. This being said, racial discrimination and profiling are without doubt the primary attributes in the over-representation of aboriginals and blacks in the criminal justice system. Although I agree with the fact that certain minority youths contain a greater involvement in delinquent behaviour. This does not provide an adequate...
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...There are a variety of debatable issues surrounding racial profiling and the numerous disputes that come across as a result of it. Racial profiling is a sensitive topic that every individual can relate to at some point in their lives. But what does Racial profile exactly mean? Racial profiling is using one race as a profile to justify that they are engaging in criminal behaviors. Regardless how people view this topic it occurs in our everyday lives. Racial profiling should be corrected in today's society because it is occurring so frequently that we don’t we notice it. Fannie Lou Hamer who is an“American voting rights activist, a leader in the Civil Rights movement, and Philanthropist, in her book,“To Praise our Bridges” She shares many...
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...Racial Profiling in the U.S. Criminal Justice System Student’s Name Institution Racial Profiling in the U.S. Criminal Justice System Racial profiling is among the key problems that are cited in the U.S. criminal justice system. The American Civil Liberties Union(2016) defines racial profiling as a discriminatory practice by law enforcement officers of using individual’s race, ethnicity, religion among other traits as grounds for suspicion Racial profiling has particularly affected the black Americans and other minority groups. Research shows that these minority groups and especially the black Americans are overrepresented in the U.S. Criminal system despite the fact that they constitute just a small percentage of the total U.S. population. History of Racial Profiling in the United States Racial profiling is an old problem dating back to a number of centuries ago. The history of racial profiling is ingrained in a number of historical events that cast African Americans in an inferior light. In 1704, South Carolina created the first slave patrol in which white men oversaw black slaves on plantations as well as hunting down fugitive slaves. Black Americans, most of which were slaves had to produce passes as proof of having permission not to be in plantations, or if they had been emancipated, they were required to carry with them freedom papers to show that they were free. Black people were exposed to interrogations...
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...Racial Profiling in the U.S. Criminal Justice System Racial profiling is among the key problems that are cited in the U.S. criminal justice system. The American Civil Liberties Union(2016) defines racial profiling as a discriminatory practice by law enforcement officers of using individual’s race, ethnicity, religion among other traits as grounds for suspicion Racial profiling has particularly affected the black Americans and other minority groups. Research shows that these minority groups and especially the black Americans are overrepresented in the U.S. Criminal system despite the fact that they constitute just a small percentage of the total U.S. population. History of Racial Profiling in the United States Racial profiling is an old problem dating back to a number of centuries ago. The history of racial profiling is ingrained in a number of historical events that cast African Americans in an inferior light. In 1704, South Carolina created the first slave patrol in which white men oversaw black slaves on plantations as well as hunting down fugitive slaves. Black Americans, most of which were slaves had to produce passes as proof of having permission not to be in plantations, or if they had been emancipated, they were required to carry with them freedom papers to show that they were free. Black people were exposed to interrogations, harassments, physical torture and even death if they were found to have run away...
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...Racial Profiling in the U.S. Criminal Justice System Racial profiling is among the key problems that are cited in the U.S. criminal justice system. The American Civil Liberties Union(2016) defines racial profiling as a discriminatory practice by law enforcement officers of using individual’s race, ethnicity, religion among other traits as grounds for suspicion Racial profiling has particularly affected the black Americans and other minority groups. Research shows that these minority groups and especially the black Americans are overrepresented in the U.S. Criminal system despite the fact that they constitute just a small percentage of the total U.S. population. History of Racial Profiling in the United States Racial profiling is an old problem dating back to a number of centuries ago. The history of racial profiling is ingrained in a number of historical events that cast African Americans in an inferior light. In 1704, South Carolina created the first slave patrol in which white men oversaw black slaves on plantations as well as hunting down fugitive slaves. Black Americans, most of which were slaves had to produce passes as proof of having permission not to be in plantations, or if they had been emancipated, they were required to carry with them freedom papers to show that they were free. Black people were exposed to interrogations, harassments, physical torture and even death if they were found to have run away...
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...Racial profiling is a problem which is gaining widespread notoriety in the United States. It may be the most important homeland issue we face today. Not only does racial profiling affect civilians, but it actually makes law enforcement ineffective. Most efforts to investigate and eradicate racial profiling have failed due to unclear findings and a lack of accountability on the part of law enforcement. . Racial profiling is one of the most important civil rights issues facing our country today. Not only does racial profiling affect the direct victims, it negatively affects all people of color, in all generations, of all levels of economic standing. The integrity and accountability of law enforcement agencies is lost due to racial profiling. This integrity is lost in the communities that need effective law enforcement the most, making it close to impossible for police officers to do their jobs. Racial profiling can be defined as “any police-initiated action that that relies on the race, ethnicity or national origin rather than behavior of an individual or information that leads the police to a particular individual who has been identified as being, or having been, engaged in criminal activity (Jost)." There are two types of racial profiling, hard and soft. Hard profiling uses race as the only factor in assessing criminal suspiciousness (MacDonald, 132). A good example of hard profiling would be an officer seeing a black person and, without more to go on, pulling him over for...
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...despite the fact that they were intruders in his own home. Instances similar to this are a prime example of how groups of people aren’t being represented and how they need to be protected. Racial profiling is happening everywhere today whether it be “random selection” at an airport, someone following you around a store, or even getting pulled over by a cop for no good reason. Reasoning behind this, is because if there was a scare about a group of people of certain race doing something...
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...wants to search your car. After much hassle you are finally free to go, yet still have no explanation as to why you were pulled over to begin with. Now imagine you are black and the officer is white. You have probably just experienced racial profiling. Racial profiling is a problem which is gaining widespread notoriety in the United States. It may be the most important homeland issue we face today. Racial profiling is a clear violation of the civil rights of United States citizens. Not only does racial profiling affect civilians, but it actually makes law enforcement ineffective. Most efforts to investigate and eradicate racial profiling have failed due to unclear findings and a lack of accountability on the part of law enforcement. New measures must be taken in conjunction with current measures to curb racial profiling. A stringent federal program to monitor and survey our nation’s police officers is needed. The public also needs to become more involved in efforts to stop racial profiling. Until these measures are taken, racial profiling will continue to eat away at the heart of our nation. Racial profiling is one of the most important civil rights issues facing our country today. Not only does racial profiling affect the direct victims, it negatively affects all people of color, in all generations, of all levels of economic standing. The integrity and accountability of...
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