...VINEGAR AS AN ALTERNATIVE BATTERY SCIENCE INVESTIGATORY PROJECT Researchers: David Bon G. Rodriguez Simone Sean Gerard T. Taloyo Acknowledgement We the researchers would like to express our gratitude To all the people who help us in making this project successfully. To Mrs. Jennifer Emberador for sharing her ideas and for Giving this wonderful project that help us to develop our mind and for letting us to know that there are so many things To our parents Mr. and Mrs. Taloyo and Mr. and Mrs. Rodriguez. For giving us enough money for our project. Above all GOD for giving us good ideas that we able to answer all the process about this project. For his caring, love, guidance, and also in protecting us for all the evil persons. Introduction Vinegar is a liquid produced from the fermentation of ethanol in a process that yields its key ingredient, acetic acid. The acetic acid concentration ranges typically from 4 to 8 percent by volume for table vinegar [1] (typically 5%) and higher concentrations for pickling (up to 18%). Natural vinegars also contain smaller amounts of tartaric acid, citric acid, and other acids. Vinegar is an important preservative and condiment and it is being produced since centuries. It is produced through the action of acetic acid bacteria on dilute solutions...
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...Home-made Vinegar Battery A b s t r a c t An electric battery is a device consisting of two or more electrochemical cells that convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy. Each cell has a positive terminal, or cathode, and a negative terminal, or anode. The terminal marked positive is at a higher electrical potential energy than is the terminal marked negative. The terminal marked positive is the source of electrons that when connected to an external circuit will flow and deliver energy to an external device. When a battery is connected to an external circuit, Electrolytes are able to move as ions within, allowing the chemical reactions to be completed at the separate terminals and so deliver energy to the external circuit. It is the movement of those ions within the battery which allows current to flow out of the battery to perform work. Although the term battery technically means a device with multiple cells, single cells are also popularly called batteries. There are many ways to construct a battery, as well as ways to control its generated output. Almost any liquid or moist object that has enough ions to be electrically conductive can serve as the electrolyte for a cell. This homemade battery is based on two different metals suspended in an acid solution. You’ll need two different kinds of metal, like copper and zinc nails and some acid liquid. The copper is the + and the nail is the -. The electrons travel from the – through the vinegar (acid) to the + and...
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...Final Investigatory Project for Group 5 I. Problems and Setting A. Introduction Batteries, years ago, have taken the world by a storm and have since than became a necessity in one’s household. Sadly, even though they are tremendously useful, batteries have drawbacks, such as semi- affordable costs, limited shelf life and pollution. Our group had an idea on how to make an alternative to this that would not only work like the real thing but would also be healthy to our environment and light in our pockets. This idea turned out to be realty and became the main goal of our Investigatory Project. B. Problems Finding an item that is easy to obtain and at the same time affordable, simple and earth- friendly is not an easy task. After a lot of thought, our group decided to use one of the objects that is almost always present in our daily lives: fruits and vegetables. Will these everyday materials such as apples, bananas, oranges, lemons and potatoes conduct electricity? Well, let’s see about that. C. Hypothesis A circuit is made up of a path, a source and a load. We believe that we should connect them with a (+) and a (-) wire so that the flow will be even with no reverse polarity. The load we thought of using was a battery- operated clock, one of the most common materials found in almost everyone’s household. We believe that it would work because the organic materials we will use have electrolytes that flow freely on its own. Thus, it will flow into conductors to make...
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...CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION a. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Vinegars had been used at home solely for cooking. Most people are not aware that it actually has other uses at home like lighting small LED bulbs. Thus, when the researchers came across this project on the internet, we grabbed the opportunity of proving whether or not this is a possibility. With the cheap and readily-available materials, this project can provide households with an alternative source of light that can easily be done and replicated. Although this may seem as a step back for advancements in technology because it makes use of household materials instead of more complicated ones, this is one step ahead towards innovation. b. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Can Vinegar be used as a battery for lighting small LED bulbs? c. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The researchers chose this investigatory project of vinegar being used as a battery for lighting LED lights for two of its possible contributions to the community: first, it can be used as a safe, better and cheaper alternative to sources of lights in case of blackouts, and second, people can use it as an alternative source of light at home to lower their power consumption. The Philippines is an archipelago surrounded by large bodies of water making it susceptible to typhoons. The last devastating typhoon, Yolanda, had left Leyte and other parts of the country in turmoil with no food, water, and electricity for not just days but for months, and...
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...Introduction A simple battery can be constructed with a cup, a copper strip, and a zinc strip. Attach wires to each strip and place them in the cup. Place the strips in the cup and add either Coca Cola or vinegar to the cup. If a voltage meter is placed across the leads, it will show between 0.75 and 1.0 volts. More voltage can be created by adding several of these cells in series. Vinegar is a liquid consisting mainly of acetic acid (CH3COOH) and water. The acetic acid is produced by the fermentation of ethanol by acetic acid bacteria. Vinegar is now mainly used as a cooking ingredient, but historically, as the most easily available mild acid, it had a great variety of industrial, medical, and domestic uses, some of which (such as a general household cleanser) are still promoted today. Commercial vinegar is produced either by fast or slow fermentation processes. In general, slow methods are used with traditional vinegars, and fermentation proceeds slowly over the course of months or a year. The longer fermentation period allows for the accumulation of a nontoxic slime composed of acetic acid bacteria. Fast methods add mother of vinegar to the source liquid before adding air using a venturi pump system or a turbine to promote oxygenation to obtain the fastest fermentation. In fast production processes, vinegar may be produced in a period ranging from 20 hours to three days. An electric battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells that convert stored...
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...statistics Related links Share Share on deliciousShare on googleShare on twitterShare on diggShare on citeulikeMore Sharing ServicesMore More Sharing ServicesMore Permalink Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering On-line version ISSN 0104-6632 Braz. J. Chem. Eng. vol.29 no.3 São Paulo July/Sept. 2012 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-66322012000300003 BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING Study on fermentation conditions of palm juice vinegar by response surface methodology and development of a kinetic model S. Ghosh; R. Chakraborty; G. Chatterjee; U. Raychaudhuri* Centre for Medicinal Food and Applied Nutrition, Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Fax: 91-033-24146822, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India. E-mail: utpal31@hotmail.com ABSTRACT Natural vinegar is one of the fermented products which has some potentiality with respect to a nutraceutical standpoint. The present study is an optimization of the fermentation conditions for palm juice vinegar production from palm juice (Borassus flabellifer) wine, this biochemical process being aided by Acetobacter aceti (NCIM 2251). The physical parameters of the fermentation conditions such as temperature, pH, and time...
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...Vinegar Battery Overview A) Worldwide The World Energy Outlook 2012 and Electricity Information 2012 from the OECD's International Energy Agency (IEA) set out the present situation and also present current policies,* new policies, and carbon reduction (‘450’) scenarios. From 2000 to 2010 total world primary energy demand grew by 26%, and to 2020 it is projected to grow less (by 20% under current policies scenario, and less under other scenarios). Growth to 2035 is 47% under current policies. Electricity growth is almost double this. It grew at an average annual rate of 3.4% from 1973 to 2010, and is projected to grow 89% from 2010 to 2035 (from 18,443 TWh to 35,000 TWh) in the current policies scenario, and 73% (to 31,859 TWh) in the central New Policies scenario. Increased demand is most dramatic in Asia, projected to average 4.3% or 3.8% per year respectively to 2035. Currently some two billion people have no access to electricity, and it is a high priority to address this lack With the United Nations predicting world population growth from 6.6 billion in 2007 to 8.2 billion by 2030, demand for energy must increase substantially over that period. Both population growth and increasing standards of living for many people in developing countries will cause strong growth in energy demand, as outlined above. Over 70% of the increased energy demand is from developing countries, led by China and India - China overtook the USA as top CO2 emitter in 2007. Superimposed on this, the...
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...D. Greg Ebie Scripture: Proverbs 29:18-29:18 Suggest a Scripture Reference Tags: Church General, Church Purpose Of (add tag) Rate this Resource * .5 * 1 * 1.5 * 2 * 2.5 * 3 * 3.5 * 4 * 4.5 * 5 View linked Sermon · The Bible tells us that where your treasure is, there your heart is also. That means we could accurately say that many folks are more committed to professional sports than they are to the church. In 1993 the total attendance at worship services in the U.S. was 5.6 billion, while the total attendance at U.S. professional baseball, football, and basketball games combined was only 103 million (less than 2 percent of the worship attendance, or for every 100 people who attended church less than 2 were at a sporting event.) · Now the rest of the story: Contributions to churches for the year totaled $56.7 billion (that’s just over $10 per person), but the amount spent on professional baseball, football, and basketball totaled $4 billion (that’s nearly $40 per person or almost 4 times what people gave to their local church per person). Is it any wonder that we look at some fans and say that they really are fanatics? They are more sold out for their team than many church attenders. HOW MIGHT WE CHANGE OUR NATION IF THE CHURCH QUADRUPLED ITS COMMITMENT TO OUR CAUSE? (Statistics reported in Citation: National & International Religion Report, 5/2/94. "To Verify," Leadership.) View Illustration | Add to Favorites | Print...
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...Sample Letter of Inquiry The Virtual Community Group, Inc. 17 Park Road Rural Town, NH January 2, 2011 Jane Smith, Executive Director Xavier Foundation 555 S. Smith St. Washington, D.C. 22222 Dear Ms. Smith, I am writing to inquire whether the Xavier Foundation would invite a proposal from the Virtual Community Group, Inc., requesting an investment of $50,000 per year over two years to support our Enterprise 2000 initiative. This grant would provide part of the funds needed for us to train at least 1200 low-income entrepreneurs in rural New Hampshire in the computer skills they need to create sustainable businesses as we enter the twenty-first century. Your literature indicates that the Xavier Foundation is searching for innovative ideas to improve the lives of the rural poor; we believe Enterprise 2000 falls well within your area of interest. We believe that broadly-implemented technical skills programs such as Enterprise 2000 have the potential to transform the lives of many struggling entrepreneurs, and change the economic landscape of impoverished rural communities. Unlike many poverty alleviation initiatives, all of the Virtual Community Group programs are predicated on the assumption that these entrepreneurs already have 90% of what it takes to compete in the marketplace -- intelligence, ambition, initiative, and talent. After two years of experimentation and program development, the Virtual Community Group has fashioned a superb, easily replicable model...
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...MICROCONTROLLER A microcontroller is a computer present in a single integrated circuit which is dedicated to perform one task and execute one specific application. It contains memory, programmable input/output peripherals as well a processor. Microcontrollers are mostly designed for embedded applications and are heavily used in automatically controlled electronic devices such as cellphones, cameras, microwave ovens, washing machines, etc. Types of Microcontroller: Microcontrollers are divided into categories according to their memory, architecture, bits and instruction sets. So let’s discuss types of microcontrollers:- Bits: 8 bits microcontroller executes logic & arithmetic operations. Examples of 8 bits micro controller is Intel 8031/8051. 16 bits microcontroller executes with greater accuracy and performance in contrast to 8-bit. Example of 16 bit microcontroller is Intel 8096. 32 bits microcontroller is employed mainly in automatically controlled appliances such as office machines, implantable medical appliances, etc. It requires 32-bit instructions to carry out any logical or arithmetic function. Memory: External Memory Microcontroller – When an embedded structure is built with a microcontroller which does not comprise of all the functioning blocks existing on a chip it is named as external memory microcontroller. For illustration- 8031 microcontroller does not have program memory on the chip. Embedded Memory Microcontroller – When an embedded structure is...
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...Philippines Commission on Higher Education Pamantasan ng Cabuyao The Effectiveness of Vinegar as a Battery A Science Investigatory Project Presented to the Faculty of College of Business Administration and Accountancy In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements in NATSCI2 Balaoro, IkaClarish M. De Lemos, Kimberly Marie C. Elep, Jennifer Ibale, Alexandra E. Izar, Janine S. 2BSA-2 A.Y 2014 – 2015 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION The world is blessed by the abundance of energy. It comprises various types of energy. One of this is electrical energy or electricity. Electricity is one of the most powerful forces in our lives. This term make us to remind of anything that we plug into an outlet in order to make something work. It is the key component for the modern society we have today. Without this, our world is totally different. People continue to prosper the knowledge of producing electricity. As the result, inventions of electricity-producing products are made. Since its invention, the battery has become the most common power source for many household and industrial applications. There are many ways to construct a battery, as well as ways to control its generated output. Each component is highly needed to produce the expected outcome of the endeavor. It shows that searching new ways of producing electricity is not possible. It’s also impressive to know how vinegar can produce electricity. With this research, each individual’s curiosity will be captivated...
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...Vinegar as Alternative Battery An Investigatory Project Presented to The Faculty of the High School Department Surigao Education Center Km. 2, Surigao City _______________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Physics IV _______________________________________________ By: Edradan, Jefferson Galos, Jancirfil Jimena, Rimar Villarojo, Kerr Yaun, Mary Allyssa March 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page i Approval Sheet ii Acknowledgement iii Abstract iv Table of Contents vi CHAPTER I: THE PROBLEM AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Introduction Review and Related literature Statement of the Problem Significance of the Study Scope of Limitations Definition of Terms CHAPTER II: METHODOLOGY Research Design Materials General Procedure Observation Collection of Data Tabulation Evaluation Conclusion Flow Chart of Methodology CHAPTER III: RESULTS AND ANALYSIS CHAPTER IV: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION Summary Findings Conclusion Recommendation References APPENDICES CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Introduction We all know that the world is now facing an energy crisis and everyone is trying to do something about that. Now you can show everyone that electrical energy or electricity can be made from air and vinegar. After all, vinegar are freely available everywhere. ...
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...CURRICULUM VITAE PERSONAL DATA NAME : Estrellita Butchayo Tangara-Galleposo ADDRESS : Purok 26, Poblacion, Manticao, Misamis Oriental PLACE OF BIRTH : Sapad, Lanao del Norte DATE OF BIRTH : November 12, 1960 CIVIL STATUS : Widow HUSBAND : Alexander T. Galleposo DAUGHTERS : Phoebe Mnemosyne Athena, 20 years old : Hestia, 12 years old SCHOLASTIC DATA GRADUATE : St. Peter’s College Sabayle St., Iligan City Master of Arts in Education major in Educational Management, March 2012 UNDERGRADUATE : Bukidnon State University-ESC Manticao, Misamis Oriental, Bachelor of Science in Elementary Education April 1993 : Philippine Women’s University Taft Avenue, Manila Bachelor of Science in Business Administration Major in Management, March 1983 SECONDARY : St. Anthony High School Manticao, Misamis Oriental, March 1977 ELEMENTARY : North Central School Saray, Iligan City, March 1973 ELIGIBILITY : Philippine Board Examination for Teachers (PBET), October 25, 1992 WORK EXPERIENCE : Cashier, Holiday Inn, Manila 1983-1986 : Sales Representative, Philippine Publishing House, 1986-1987 : Plant Cashier, Integrated Chrome Corporation Manticao, Misamis Oriental, 1989-1991 : Public Elementary School Teacher 1994 to the present SEMINARS/WORKSHOPS ATTENDED : Region-wide National English Proficiency Program (NEPP) Enhancement...
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...Republic of the Philippines DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module HOUSEHOLD SERVICES EXPLORATORY COURSE Grades 7 and Grade 8 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page What is this Module About? ................................................................................................. 2 How do you Use this Module ............................................................................................... 3 LESSON 1 – Use and Maintenance of Cleaning Tools and Equipment............ 4 - 25 LESSON 2 - Practice Occupational Health and Safety Procedures ................ 26 - 61 LESSON 3 – Maintain an Effective Relationship with Clients/Customers ..... 62 - 89 Answer Keys ................................................................................................................ 90 - 95 Acknowledgment ............................................................................................................... 96 HOUSEHOLD SERVICES K to 12 – Technology and Livelihood Education 1 What Is This Module About? Welcome to the world of Household Services! This Module is an exploratory and introductory course on Household Services which leads you to Household Services National Certificate Level II ( NC II)1. It cover 3 common competencies in Household Services that a Grade 7/Grade 8 Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) students like you ought to possess, namely: 1) Use and maintenance...
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...Can We Dance talk a lot of shit when I'm drinking, baby, I'm known to go a little too fast. Don't mind all my friends, I know they're all crazy, But they're the only friends that I have. I know I don't know you, But I'd like to skip the small talk and romance, girl. That's all I have to say so, baby, can we dance? Here we go again, another drink I'm caving in, Stupid words keep falling from my mouth. You know that I mean well, My hands remember somewhere else. Your eyes are doing naughty butterflies [?] Oh, oh, one more drink and I should go, Oh, oh, maybe she might like me though. Oh, oh, I just can't think of what to say, Should I go, should I stay? Just can't let her slip away. I talk a lot of shit when I'm drinking, baby, I'm known to go a little too fast. Don't mind all my friends, I know they're all crazy, But they're the only friends that I have. I know I don't know you, But I'd like to skip the small talk and romance, girl. That's all I have to say so, baby, can we dance? I was nearly in, but then came in the pushy friend, Killed my vibe and took my perfect ten away. You know I need you, girl, My heart's not made for someone else. Take me in 'cause I can barely stand. Oh, oh, one more drink and I should go, Oh, oh, maybe she might like me though. Oh, oh, I just can't take this any more, Should I stay? Should I go? It'll just lead back to her door. I talk a lot of shit when I'm drinking, baby, I'm known to go a little too fast. Don't...
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