... | | |College of Natural Sciences | | |CHM/110 Version 3 | | |Introductory Chemistry | Copyright © 2010, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course will examine the basic principles of chemistry conceptually and specifically. The course will apply chemical concepts to address relevant issues ranging from atomic structure and chemical reactions to organic and biological chemistry. The course topics include matter and energy, chemical bonding, intermolecular forces, chemical equilibrium, and nuclear, organic, and biological chemistry. Students will apply these concepts using practical examples, facilitated discussions, and experiments conducted through a virtual laboratory. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure...
Words: 1667 - Pages: 7
...Participation Participate in class discussion 3 of 7 days with at least 2 substantive posts on each of the three days. 2 Discussion Questions Respond to weekly discussion questions. DQ1:Wed DQ2:Sat 2 Nongraded Activities and Preparation Complete the Equation Editor tutorial and Virtual ChemLab Tutorial located on your student website. Individual Text Exercises, Part I Resources: Equation Editor tutorial Prepare written answers to the following assignments from Introductory Chemistry: • Exercise 20 in Ch. 1 • Exercise 120 in Ch. 2 • Exercise 112 in Ch. 3 • Exercise 120 in Ch. 4 • Exercise 100 in Ch. 5 • Exercise 126 in Ch. 6 • Exercise 116 in Ch. 7 • Exercise 100 in Ch. 8 Submit the assignment, as directed by your facilitator. Friday 5 Individual Virtual ChemLab Assignment 2-4 Access and view the Virtual ChemLab Tutorial, located on the student website. Complete 2-4: Precipitation Reactions from Virtual ChemLab: General Chemistry Laboratories, located on the student website. Note. To complete the assignment, the Virtual ChemLab software must be installed on your computer and must be used in conjunction with Virtual ChemLab: General Chemistry Laboratories. Installation requirements and instructions may be found in the workbook and on the accompanying CD. Once the software is installed, an electronic workbook may be found corresponding with your workbook, which contains preset lab assignments that match the workbook assignments. Use these preset...
Words: 1174 - Pages: 5
...Precipitation Reactions 2-4: Precipitation Reactions 1. Start Virtual ChemLab and select Reactions and Stoichiometry, and then select Precipitation Reactions from the list of assignments. The lab will open in the Inorganic laboratory. 2. React each of the cations (across the top) with each of the anions (down the left) according to the data table using the following procedures: Data Table | |AgNO3 (Ag+) |Pb(NO3)2 (Pb2+) |Ca(NO3)2 (Ca2+) | |Na2CO3 (CO32-) |A cloudy peach color peach |f. a milky white color |K a milky white color | | |color | | | |Na2S (S2-) |B a cloudy black color |G a cloudy black color |L no reactions | |NaOH (OH-) |C a cloudy bubbly brown color |H no reactions |M a milky white color | |Na2S04 (SO42-) |D no reactions |I turned a milky white color |N no reactions | |NaCl (Cl-) |E a milky white color |J turned a milky white color |O no reaction | a. Drag a test tube from the box and place it on the metal test tube stand. You can then click on the bottle of Ag+ ion solution...
Words: 538 - Pages: 3
...2-4: Precipitation Reactions 1. Start Virtual ChemLab and select Precipitation Reactions from the list of assignments. The lab will open in the Inorganic laboratory. 2. React each of the cations (across the top) with each of the anions (down the left) according to the data table using the following procedures: Data Table | |AgNO3 (Ag+) |Pb(NO3)2 (Pb2+) |Ca(NO3)2 (Ca2+) | |Na2CO3 (CO32-) |A NR |F Milk color |K Milk color | |Na2S (S2-) |B dark grey |G Dark grey |L NR | |NaOH (OH-) |C light grey |H NR |M Milk color | |Na2S04 (SO42-) |D NR |I Milk Color |N NR | |NaCl (Cl-) |E milk color |J Milk color |O NR | a. Enter the stockroom by clicking inside the Stockroom window. Once inside the stockroom, drag a test tube from the box and place it on the metal test tube stand. You can then click on the bottle of Ag+ ion solution on the shelf to add it to the test tube. Click Done to send the test tube back to the lab. Click on the Return to Lab arrow. ...
Words: 748 - Pages: 3
...Arrange the following 0.1 M solutions in order of increasing pH and state why you placed each solution in that position: NaCH3COO, HCl, HCN, NaOH, NH3, NaCN, KNO3, H2SO4, NH4Cl, H2SO3, NaHCO3, Na3PO4 and CH3COOH. In order of increasing pH: 1.HCl most powerful acid. 2.H2SO4 a strong acid 3.H2SO3 weak but stronger than 4.HCN from experiments 5.CH3COOH weak acid 6.NH4Cl is an acidic salt 7.KNO3 is Neutral salt 8.NaCH3COO NaCN NaHCO3 Na3PO4 are basic salts. 9.NH3 weak Base 10.NaOH strong Base After doing the experiment this is the order that I got: NH4Cl H2SO4 HCl H2SO3 KNO3 NaHCO3 CH3COOH NH3 HCN NaCH3COO NaCN Na3PO4 NaOH Once you have predicted the nature of each salt solution, you will use Virtual ChemLab to confirm your prediction. Each solution must be approximately 0.1 M for your comparisons to be valid. Most of the solutions in the Stockroom are approximately 0.1 M already. Two solutions will need to be diluted and three solutions will need to be prepared from solid salts. One of these salt solutions is already prepared and on the lab bench ready for...
Words: 1119 - Pages: 5
...Heat of Fusion of Water 4-1: Heat of Fusion of Water The molar heat of fusion for a substance, ∆Hfus, is the heat required to transform one mole of the substance from the solid phase into the liquid phase. In this assignment, you will use a simple coffee cup calorimeter and a thermometer to measure the molar heat of fusion for water. 1. Start Virtual ChemLab, select Colligative Properties, and then select Heat of Fusion of Water from the list of assignments. The lab will open in the Calorimetry laboratory with a beaker of ice on the balance and a coffee cup calorimeter on the lab bench. 2. Click on the Lab Book to open it. Record the mass of the ice on the balance in the data table. If the mass is too small to read, click on the Balance area to zoom in. Note that the balance has already been tared for the mass of the empty beaker. 3. 100 mL of water is already in the coffee cup. Use the density of water at 25 C (0.998 g/mL) to determine the mass of water from the volume. Record the mass in the data table. Make certain the stirrer is On (you should be able to see the shaft rotating). In the thermometer window, click Save to begin recording data to the lab book. Allow 20-30 seconds to obtain a baseline temperature of the water. 4. Drag the beaker from the balance area until it snaps into place above the coffee cup and then pour the ice into the calorimeter. Click the thermometer and graph windows...
Words: 637 - Pages: 3
...insight commentary Virtual screening of chemical libraries Brian K. Shoichet Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, 600 16th Street, San Francisco, California 94143-2240, USA (e-mail: shoichet@cgl.ucsf.edu) Virtual screening uses computer-based methods to discover new ligands on the basis of biological structures. Although widely heralded in the 1970s and 1980s, the technique has since struggled to meet its initial promise, and drug discovery remains dominated by empirical screening. Recent successes in predicting new ligands and their receptor-bound structures, and better rates of ligand discovery compared to empirical screening, have re-ignited interest in virtual screening, which is now widely used in drug discovery, albeit on a more limited scale than empirical screening. T he dominant technique for the identification of new lead compounds in drug discovery is the physical screening of large libraries of chemicals against a biological target (high-throughput screening). An alternative approach, known as virtual screening, is to computationally screen large libraries of chemicals for compounds that complement targets of known structure, and experimentally test those that are predicted to bind well. Such receptor-based virtual screening faces several fundamental challenges, including sampling the various conformations of flexible molecules and calculating absolute binding energies in an aqueous environment. Nevertheless, the field has...
Words: 3908 - Pages: 16
...Freezing Point Depression 4-5: Freezing Point Depression If you dissolve a substance such as ordinary table salt (NaCl) in water, the freezing point of the water will decrease relative to the freezing point of the pure water. This property is used to melt the snow or ice on roads during the winter or to make homemade ice cream. In this assignment, you will dissolve a sample of NaCl in water, add some ice, and then measure the freezing point depression. 1. Start Virtual ChemLab, select Colligative Properties, and select Freezing Point Depression from the list of assignments. The lab will open in the Calorimetry laboratory with a beaker containing 45.00 g of ice and a coffee cup calorimeter on the lab bench. A sample of sodium chloride (NaCl) will also be on the balance. 2. Click on the Lab Book to open it. Record the mass of the sodium chloride in the data table. If it is too small to read, click on the Balance area to zoom in, record the mass, and then return to the laboratory. 3. 100 mL of water is already in the calorimeter. Use the density of water at 25o C (0.998 g/mL) to determine the mass from the volume and record it in the data table. Make certain the stirrer is On (you should be able to see the shaft rotating). In the thermometer window, click Save to begin recording data in the lab book. Allow 20-30 seconds to obtain a baseline temperature of the water. Click the clock on the wall labeled Accelerate to accelerate...
Words: 640 - Pages: 3
...Welcome to CH 125 Inorganic Chemistry for Microbiology Course Description This course covers inorganic reactions and phenomenon present in microbiological systems. The chemistry of the predominant biological elements of groups I to VII will be discussed. The students will explore the principles of inorganic chemical phenomenon including partially soluble substances, weak acids and bases, buffer systems and redox reactions. In addition, a basic understanding of the chemistry of the biologically important elements (H, C, N, O, K, Na, Ca, Mg, P, S, Cl and some transitional elements) will be explored. Course Learning Outcomes Upon successful completion, students will be able to: • Predict cation and anion concentrations of partially soluble solids dissolved in pure water and in a solution containing a common ion. • Apply knowledge of acids and bases in order to predict the pH of a solution containing a weak acid or base. • Demonstrate the use of common pH and redox indicators in microbiological media. • Select appropriate reagents to make a buffer having a desired pH. • Determine which compounds undergo the process of reduction and which undergo the process of oxidation. • Describe the basic chemistry of the predominant biologically important elements and their function(s) in microbiological systems. Dr. Andrew Baer Office Hours Monday: 10:30 am – 11:20 am Wednesday: 1:30 pm – 2:20 pm Thursday: 9:30 am – 10:20 am or by appointment Email:...
Words: 1551 - Pages: 7
...Theoretical assessment of the mechanisms involved in the cholesterol biosynthesis from lanosterol A theoretical approach to describe the mechanisms of the isomerization and reduction of a double bond, involved in the lanosterol conversion to cholesterol was undertaken. Also, the 14α-demethylation and 4α-demethylation in this biosynthesis were studied, and some similarities were found between the two; however they are different and their mechanisms have not been explained yet. Ab initio calculations were performed in order to prove these mechanisms. Two different characteristics involved in this biosynthesis were explained, namely (i) the stability of each molecule during this reaction using total energy, hardness and dipole moment, and (ii) the explanation of proposed mechanisms [Steroid Biochemistry and Pharmacology, 1970, p. 57] of the two different reactions, using frontier orbitals and atomic charges. For this sequence of reactions, the hardness and dipole moment indicate the hydro-solubility of the molecules, which means that carrying properties change through cell membrane. It is possible to explain the reaction mechanisms using frontier molecular orbitals theory and the atomic charge. The localization of highest occupied molecular orbital, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and the flow of atomic charge are in agreement with reported mechanisms [Steroids 8 (1966) 353; Medicinal Natural Products, 1997, p. 218; Biochemistry of Steroid Hormones, 1975. 1...
Words: 3710 - Pages: 15
...What is actually virtual meeting on business? Recent years, advanced technology brought a lot of new opportunities in our life and on our businesses meanwhile these technological improvements get inside our life day by day. Virtual meeting is one of these opportunities which many businesses are using it and many of them will use in the future. Virtual meeting is having a meeting by using internet connection virtually with the other branches or other related companies that you work with. “Virtual meetings will never eradicate the need for traditional face-to-face meetings, but they often provide the least expensive means of bringing people together” (2011, Mittleman). As long as companies remain, people who work within these companies will travel to other countries or cities to have meetings but virtual meeting which is videoconferencing and telepresence will decrease these travels. What are the advantages of the virtual meetings on an organization? Maybe 15 years ago, if we talked about a virtual meeting, it would be so weird but now this is very common way to have a meeting and will be more than now. There are a lot of advantages of the virtual meetings first and important one for a business is saving time. The other important advantage is saving money. These two important things are actually main factors to consider for many businesses anytime. These virtual meetings will reduce your employees to travel for a meeting sometimes these meetings can last 1 week or...
Words: 808 - Pages: 4
...dilemma as your family does not want to be relocated. The project has a six-month deadline. What factors should you consider in order to make this virtual assignment effective? Answer: First of all, virtual assignments is where the employees and managers are located in different areas as in this case, the Project Manager’s office is in London whereas the other six team members are in Munich. Thus, the Project Manager has to rely heavily on communication technologies such as telephone, email or video conference. In my opinion, the factors that has to be taken into consideration include effective use of technology, invest time in building relationships and trust, provide specific intercultural training and arrange face-to-face meeting occasionally. To bring a success to virtual assignments, I will need to be aware of the full range of technology tools available to us and become practices and proficient in their use. Without familiarizing the technology, it is difficult for managers to keep in touch with the team and it might end up slowing down the team performance. For instance, it will be a waste of time discovering the function of Skype tools during the virtual meeting. Besides that, as a newly-appointed Project Manager, trust and a comfortable level of social or personal interaction are enormously important for effective virtual assignments. It is crucial for me to find ways to engage with my members and create an appropriate and effective dynamic within the team. Initially...
Words: 328 - Pages: 2
...Chapter 2: Chemistry and molecules of life -Homeostasis- The maintenance of an internal environment -Energy- The ability to do work -Metabolism- Chemical reactions in a cell that allows it to use energy -Element- A chemically pure substance that cannot not be broken down -Matter- anything that takes of space -Atom- smallest unit of an element -Proton- positively charged particle inside nucleus -Electron- negatively charged particle around nucleus -Neutron- uncharged particle inside nucleus -Nucleus- core of an atom -Covalent Bond- strong bond from the sharing of electrons between two atoms -Molecule- atoms together by covalent bond -Organic Molecule- carbon based molecule with at least one C-H bond -Inorganic Molecule- lacks carbon and C-H bond -Carbohydrate- organic molecule made up of sugars -Protein- organic molecule made up of amino acid -Lipids- organic molecule that repels water -Nucleic Acids- organic molecule made of nucleotides DNA/RNA -Macromolecules- organic molecules made up of living organisms (carbohydrates,protiens,nucleic acids) -Monomer- one chemical subunit -Polymer- molecule made up of individual subunits -Monosaccharide- monomer of a carbohydrate -Amino Acid- monomer of a protein -Nucleotide- monomer of a nucleic acid -Cell- basic structure of living organisms -Phospholipid- lipid that forms a cell membrane -Phospholipid Bilayer- double layer lipid that characterizes biological...
Words: 314 - Pages: 2
..._____________________________________________________________________CHEM 100 LECTURE UNIT 1. FOUNDATIONS OF CHEMSITRY Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. Applications of Chemistry • Energy and the Environment • Fossil fuels • Solar energy • Nuclear energy Health and Medicine • Sanitation systems • Surgery with anesthesia • Vaccines and antibiotics Materials and Technology • Polymers, ceramics, liquid crystals • Room-temperature superconductors? • Molecular computing? Food and Agriculture • Genetically modified crops • “Natural” pesticides • Specialized fertilizers • • • Classification of Matter A substance is a form of matter that has a definite composition and distinct properties. An element is a substance that is composed of tiny particles called atoms. A compound is a substance composed of atoms of two or more elements chemically united in fixed proportions. Compounds can only be separated into their pure components (elements) by chemical means. A mixture is a combination of two or more substances in which the substances retain their distinct identities. Physical means can be used to separate a mixture into its pure components. Homogenous mixture – composition of the mixture is the same throughout. Heterogeneous mixture – composition is not uniform throughout. 1 |P a g e _____________________________________________________________________CHEM 100 LECTURE PROPERTIES OF MATTER...
Words: 495 - Pages: 2
...HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT APPROACHES TO INDUSTRIAL RELATION: Industrial conflicts are the results of several socio-economic, psychological and political factors. Various lines of thoughts have been expressed and approaches used to explain his complex phenomenon. One observer has stated, “An economist tries to interpret industrial conflict in terms of impersonal markets forces and laws of supply demand. To a politician, industrial conflict is a war of different ideologies – perhaps a class-war. To a psychologist, industrial conflict means the conflicting interests, aspirations, goals, motives and perceptions of different groups of individuals, operating within and reacting to a given socio-economic and political environment”. Psychological approach The problems of IR have their origin in the perceptions of the management, unions and the workers. The conflicts between labour and management occur because every group negatively perceives the behaviour of the other i.e. even the honest intention of the other party so looked at with suspicion. The problem is further aggravated by various factors like the income, level of education, communication, values, beliefs, customs, goals of persons and groups, prestige, power, status, recognition, security etc are host factors both economic and non-economic which influence perceptions unions and management towards each other. Industrial peace is a result mainly of proper attitudes and perception of the two parties. Sociological approach ...
Words: 1886 - Pages: 8
