...Running head: Two Rivers Wastewater Treatment Project Wastewater Treatment Project Zoe French Biology 111 Abstract Municipal wastewater treatment plants were suspected to be reservoirs for antibiotic resistant bacteria so a study was conducted. In the study, two samples were collected from a local Wastewater Treatment Plant. The samples were taken at different stages of treatment so one of the samples in the study is untreated, and should contain a greater amount of antibiotic resistant bacteria and the sample that is further along in treatment phase should contain a smaller number of antibiotic resistant samples. The study should demonstrate that, as the wastewater moves through the stages of treatment, less antibiotic resistant bacteria should be detected. The samples should demonstrate that even with treatment, there are still antibiotic resistant bacteria present. Two samples were collected from a local Wastewater Treatment Plant and were taken back to the lab where further study could be done on the types of bacteria that were present. The samples were taken at different stages of treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine what, if any types of antibiotic resistant bacteria were present in the wastewater. The samples taken were processed in the lab, and then agar plated to produce colonies. The colonies were separated using the quadrant streak method to grow individual colonies. These individual colonies were sampled with inoculating needles to determine...
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...Significance of report findings on Utility of the Future The model for the utility of the future (UOTF) is emerging in new directions to convert valuable water, energy and commodities from wastewater while utilizing the utilities assets in innovative ways to reduce costs, increase revenue and strengthen local economy.[1] UOTF seeks to engage others who share water resources through watershed approaches, innovative partnerships and adaptive management techniques to ensure that actions are to the full benefit of environment. The UOTF will be more circular, distributed and more automated[2]. This will make it more greener as a result of energy efficient and cost effective generation process making it a vision of the future given that UOTF transformations are worldwide[3]. UOTF will address the current utilities’ problems that include project financing, regulatory concerns and technological risks by simply creating an environment of innovation that will see the vision of UOTF come true. The UOTF proposes changes in several areas that include legislation and regulation practices, institutional and programmatic practices, financial and risk management convections and utility leadership and internal management approaches. This will enable creation of innovative environment that will mitigate risks, strengthen project feasibility and stimulate technology advancement with minimal resource commitment that generates high rates of economic, environmental and social returns...
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...Company Background The Purification Equipment Service Company (PESCO) is a Chicago-based manufacturer of industrial wastewater treatment systems. The subsidiary of PESCO operations has 3 areas which are: • Manufacturing and sales • Finance • Information systems. The company recently decided to implement a Standardized Participant Information Record (SPIR). The company faces the following problems: Do not have an information system, so therefore they try to implement one and the members of Executive committees have different opinions for the implementation process. Actions taken by the company • The Executive President Chavez sent E-mail message to the other members the executive committee, advising them of his intentions and asking for their ideas on the SPIR implementation. Role of information systems Information systems play a very important role, as it would solution organizational and administrative, which meets the requirements of global information business Seek to achieve an adequate interaction between different areas of the company. Resolving questions Suppose you are a consultant and President Chavez hired to advise him as to the how to approach the SPIR. Write a memo to Chavez that includes: • A list of the advantages and disadvantages of each one approach. • A recommendation regarding the approach you believe should implement. Summarize the reasons why he chose that approach. Memorandum Date: 10/02/2013 To: Pres. Emilio Chavez From: Consulting...
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...Wastewater Use in Agriculture: its Impacts and Methodological Issues in Valuing Impacts Introduction With increasing global population, the gap between the supply and demand for water is widening and is reaching such alarming levels that in some parts of the world it is posing a threat to human existence. Scientists around the globe are working on new ways of conserving water. It is an opportune time, to refocus on one of the ways to recycle water—through the reuse of urban wastewater, for irrigation and other purposes. This could release clean water for use in other sectors that need fresh water and provide water to sectors that can utilize wastewater e.g., for irrigation and other ecosystem services. In general, wastewater comprises liquid wastes generated by households, industry, commercial sources, as a result of daily usage, production, and consumption activities. Municipal treatment facilities are designed to treat raw wastewater to produce a liquid effluent of suitable quality that can be disposed to the natural surface waters with minimum impact on human health or the environment. The disposal of wastewater is a major problem faced by municipalities, particularly in the case of large metropolitan areas, with limited space for land-based treatment and disposal. On the other hand, wastewater is also a resource that can be applied for productive uses since wastewater contains nutrients that have the potential for use in agriculture, aquaculture and other activities...
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...1 / 18 I. Background Information / Additional Perspectives It was on April 22, 1998; during the Global Earth Day Celebration that Goldilocks Bakeshop became a recipient of an award that is not something to be proud of. Goldilocks received the Lason Award from the Sagip Pasig Movement (SPM) and was cited as one of the top six polluters of the Pasig River. It was its bread plant in Sta. Mesa, Manila that discharged a heavy load of water waste due to their unfinished waste water treatment facility on the Pasig River that triggered the SPM in giving them the award. Under the Executive Order No. 192, series of 1987, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) was mandated as the primary government agency possible for the sustainable management and development of the country’s natural resources. Together with Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA), they carry out regulatory and law-enforced functions with provisions on environmental management, particularly on water quality monitoring, conservation of natural resources, and community-based natural resource management. 2 / 18 One of the most looked after body of water both by the DENR and LLDA here in the Philippines is none other than the infamous Pasig River. The river, which stretches for 25 kilometers from Laguna de Bay to Manila Bay, serves as a major transport route, source of water, and lifeline of Laguna de Bay (one of the biggest freshwater lakes in the world) as such it is...
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...Report Jonathan W. Moore, Daniel E. Schindler, Mark D. Scheuerell, Danielle Smith and Jonathan Frodge Lake Eutrophication at the Urban Fringe, Seattle Region, USA Nutrient pollution and associated eutrophication of freshwaters threaten the ecological integrity and the services provided to humans by lakes. We examined how human residential development influenced the level of lake eutrophication in the Seattle, WA, USA, region. We surveyed 30 lakes and measured 3 indicators of eutrophication: concentrations of chlorophyll-a and phosphorus, and the proportion of algae that are inedible to zooplankton. We classified lakes based on the waste-treatment method for shoreline homes: septic, sewer, and undeveloped lakes. Septic lakes occurred along the urban-rural fringe while sewer lakes occurred near urban centers. Septic lakes were more eutrophic than sewer lakes and undeveloped lakes, as indicated by higher levels of phosphorus and chlorophyll-a. These results suggest that septic systems contribute to the high levels of eutrophication in lakes at the urbanrural fringe. Lakes at the urban-rural fringe represent an opportunity for proactive management of urban expansion to minimize lake eutrophication. A lake without shoreline development. Undeveloped lakes were less eutrophic than lakes with shoreline houses. Photo: D. Schindler. INTRODUCTION Residential development in the United States has increased substantially over the last 50 years. Much of...
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...METRO HAZ WASTE LIBRARY SEATILE, WA. 11lllll1 lllllIIIllll l1 lI1 l 3202625 Monographs on Refinery Environmental ControlManagement of Water Discharges Design and Operation of Oil-Water Separators API PUBLICATION 421 FIRST EDITION, FEBRUARY 1990 - METRO LIBRARY SEAnLE, W A 98109-1658 HAZARDOUS WASTE MGMT. PROGRAM 130 NICKERSON ST., SUITE 100 AUG 2 1 1995 ME7hb u i r . , 45 WASTE LIBRARY American Petroleum Institute 1220 L Street, Northwest Washington, D.C. 20005 TD 427 .P4 41’ M8 1990 Monographs on Refinery Environmental ControlManagement of Water Discharges Design and Operation of Oil-Water Separators Refining Department API PUBLICATION 421 FIRST EDITION, FEBRUARY 1990 METRO LIBRARY HAZARDOUS WASTE MGMT, PROGRAM 130 NICKERSON ST., SUITE 100 SEATTLE, WA 98109-1658 American Petroleum Institute SPECfAL NOTES 1. API PUBLICATIONS NECESSARILY ADDRESS PROBLEMS OF A GENERAL NATURE. WITH RESPECT TO PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES, LOCAL, STATE, AND FEDERAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS SHOULD BE REVIEWED. 2. API IS NOT UNDERTAKING TO MEET THE DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS, MANUFACTURERS, OR SUPPLIERS TO WARN AND PROPERLY TRAIN AND EQUIP THEIR EMPLOYEES, AND OTHERS EXPOSED, CONCERNING HEALTH AND SAFETY RISKS AND PRECAUTIONS, NOR UNDERTAKING THEIR OBLIGATIONS UNDER LOCAL, STATE, OR FEDERAL LAWS. 3. INFORMATION CONCERNING SAFETY AND HEALTH RISKS AND PROPER PRECAUTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PARTICULAR MATERIALS AND CONDITIONS SHOULD BE OBTAINED FROM THE EMPLOYER...
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...Water-Wise Water-Wise Water Situation In SA Due to ongoing drought, climate change and an increasing population, many state governments have imposed regulations on water usage within the home and business. These can include restrictions on watering garden beds and lawns, hosing driveways, cleaning vehicles, filling swimming pools and using sprinkler systems. My Family My family consists of my mother and father, my 28 year old brother and myself, Our household is always full of life, as we are all home 24/7 except the occasional moment when my brother or myself will go to a friend’s place or go out. My father is always home and my mother goes to my Nanna's house every day. We always try and conserve as much water as possible each day like timing our showers and making sure we keep the shower under a 6 minute period. We also had a man come around and install Shower Saving Heads for free, in exchange for our old shower heads. Also we always turn on the dishwasher only if there is a full load, exactly the same with the washing machine we only use it when there is a full load. We also have a filter of fresh water inside the fridge so that we are not using the tap for drinking water all the time. We also have a kettle and we only fill it up once a day, so that it is always full and we are not constantly filling it up all day. My Findings- How can we save more water? We always do our best to conserve water but sometimes we use the dishwasher when it is only a half...
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...NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF FASHION TECHNOLOGY, GANDHINAGAR PLANT LAYOUT Submitted to: Submitted by: Mr.Manoj Tiwari Aryan Singh Ruchika Tripathi Swati Singh DFT- 7 | | Plant layout is the spatial arrangement and configuration of departments, work stations, machinery and equipment used in the conversion process. Layout of an apparel production plant directs the flow of materials and work-in-process from start till its completion and integrates material handling and equipment. An efficient layout has the flexibility to be changed to meet requirements of the product line, delivery schedules, and anticipated volume. Safety is a major consideration in plant layout. Fire and safety codes, emergency and accessible exits, open traffic areas, etc. must all be a part of layout plans. The following factors should be taken into consideration while planning a layout: * Minimization of manufacturing costs * Efficient work flow * Minimization of work transfer * Provision of future expansion * Selection of Factory Site | Demographic, Infrastructural, Natural and Social factors...
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...produce a briquette with better combustion properties and pollutant emission compared to conventional coal briquettes. The briquette produced by this process is known as bio-coal briquettes. Biocoal briquette is a type of solid fuel prepared by compacting pulverized coal, biomass, binder and sulphur fixation agent. The coal and the biomass particles are sandwiched together by applying high pressure so that they do not separate during transportation , storage and combustion. During combustion the combination of coal and biomass gives a better combustion performance and reduces pollutant emission i.e. biocoal briquette has a favorable ignition, better thermal efficiency, emits less dust and soot. The ash of the biocoal can be used for soil treatment and enrichment. Industriel methords of briquetting...
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...ble Sustainable Business Management MNG10253 Business Analysis Bimdadgen Nursery Submitted Friday 25th October By Jason Sleeman Student Number: 21348891 Contents Page 1. Introduction 3 2. Scope of Analysis 4 3. Background 5 4. Water Management 6 4.1 Recommendations 6 5. Pollution/ Waste Management 8 5.1 Recommendations 8 6. Energy Management 10 6.1 Recommendations 10 7. Land Management 11 7.1 Recommendations 11 8. Transport Management 12 8.1 Recommendations 12 9. Sustainable Accounting System 14 9.1 Recommendations 14 9.1.1 Environmental Performance Indicators 14 9.1.2 Social Performance Indicators 14 9.1.3 Economic Performance Indicators 15 10. Social Aspects 16 10.1 Recommendations 16 11. Future Sustainability Outlook 18 11.1 Sustainable Image 18 11.2 Short-term Recommendations 18 11.3 Long-term Recommendations 20 12. Conclusion 22 13. Resources 23 1. Introduction: This document will attempt to apply the 4 principles of natural capitalism in an effort to transform Bimdagen Nursery into a sustainable organisation. It is also recognised that many of the recommendations made relate to environmental conservation in that they require further processing and are not totally sustainable and renewable. Sustainability encompasses maintaining a...
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... the dissolved oxygen is up in various biochemical oxidation processes and its is only slowly replaced through surface absorption. Such water will give a low dissolved oxygen content until oxidation is completed. Adequate dissolved oxygen is necessary for the life of fish and other aquatic organisms. The methods described below for the determination of oxygen in water is based on that devised by Winkler. When manganese hydroxide is precipitated in the water sample it is quickly oxidized to higher hydrated oxides (probably in the four valent state) by the dissolve oxygen. Iodine, equivalent to the dissolved oxygen content, is then liberated on acidification in the presence of iodine, and it may be titrated with standard thio‐sulphate. INTERFERENCES AND PRE – TREATMENT Most oxidising and reducing substances e.g dissolved organic substances, nitrite ions, higher‐valency manganese compounds, active chlorine, sulphide and sulphite ions, iron (II) and irons interfere. The influence of the dissolved organic substances can be excluded by conversion of the manganese hydroxides into oxygen‐sensitive carbonates by subsequent addition of 4 cm3 ammonium hydrogen carbonate solution. Nitrite in acidic solutions catalyses the liberation of iodide and can be decomposed by addition of alkaline‐iodide‐azide solution. Iron ( III ) ions are rendered inactive during the determination by the addition of 4 cm3 phosphoric acid or 2 cm3 potassium fluoride solution....
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...There are various laundry services available identified in three aspects, commercial, institutional and industrial laundry facilities. All of which launders numerous amounts of fabrics available in different varieties and usage. Some of which, washes fabrics used at specific locations or areas where they stand often referred to as On Premises Laundry (OPL). They specifically reside in hotels, hospitals, universities, condominiums etc. On the other hand, commonly referred to as Industrial Laundries, are centralized contractual laundry services, which caters to other businesses (specifically restaurant cloths, bed linens, uniforms etc.). Both of these use cosmic amounts of water at varying efficiency levels. Proper water management is critical for suitable operations of natural system for the support of human society. According to Reisenberger and Koeller (2005), research show that the major contributors of environmental problems are laundry services specifically commercial laundries. For a span of 50 years since the laundry industry started, the rise of technology did not provide much difference in terms of water consumption. As estimated, a pound of laundry consumes approximately three gallons of water which ends up in the sewage immediately afterwards. Trying to reduce it to as much as 2 gallons per pound is considered efficient water consumption in commercial laundry though it’s not most of the time achievable due to varying types of fabrics. In some cases, laundry services...
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...quantity and quality, caused by continuous population growth, industrialization, food production practices, increased living standards and poor water use strategies. Wastewater management or the lack of, has a direct impact on the biological diversity of aquatic ecosystems, disrupting the fundamental integrity of our life support systems, on which a wide range of sectors from urban development to food production and industry depend. It is essential that wastewater management is considered as part of integrated, ecosystem-based management that operates across sectors and borders, freshwater and marine. What is Waste water: Wastewater, also written as waste water, is any water that has been adversely affected in quality by anthropogenic influence. It comprises liquid waste discharged by domestic residences, commercial properties, industry, and/or agriculture and can encompass a wide range of potential contaminants and concentrations. In the most common usage, it refers to the municipal wastewater that contains a broad spectrum of contaminants resulting from the mixing of wastewater from homes, businesses, industrial areas and often storm drains, especially in older sewer systems. Municipal wastewater is usually treated in a combined sewer, sanitary sewer, effluent sewer or septic tank. Sewage is the subset of wastewater that is contaminated with feces or...
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...Environmental Sustainability in Wastewater Treatment by Phytoremediation with Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) Tolu Olufunmilayo Ajayi1 & Atoke Olaide Ogunbayo1 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria Correspondence: Tolu Olufunmilayo Ajayi, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria. E-mail: tajayi@unilag.edu.ng Received: May 22, 2012 Accepted: June 16, 2012 Online Published: June 25, 2012 doi:10.5539/jsd.v5n7p80 Abstract Small and medium scale industries in Nigeria play a major role in polluting water bodies, and key among these pollutants are suspended solids, biological oxygen demand and heavy metals contamination. Conventional methods of treatment, such as chemical precipitation, do not provide sustainable solutions as the pollutants are merely transferred from the waste water to a sludge residue which is disposed of by land-filling. The pollutants eventually find their way to freshwater supplies thereby contaminating it. Water hyacinth is a noxious weed that has a rapid growth rate and easily congests the water ways in Lagos, a coastal city in Nigeria, thereby creating serious problems in navigation, and irrigation. This can be harvested, and in line with the golden rules of sustainable development, used for the sustainable treatment of some industrial wastewaters. This work investigates the effectiveness of water hyacinth in wastewater treatment. After a 5-week simple experiment...
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