...NOTES ON RWH Context: In a progressive society the demand of water is continuous. India has a unique situation it has the highest rainfall and still areas across India don’t find water after monsoon. In this situation it’s all the more required to recharge the ground water, conserve the soil and increase eco-friendliness. METHOD Rain water harvesting is a simple technique of collection and storage of rain water at the surface or in a sub surface aquifer. (Aquifer: a layer of permeable rock, sand or gravel through which water flows containing enough water to supply wells and springs). Basically saving the rain water from going inside the sea or waste and saving it artificially to recharge the ground water, increase reservoir levels. NEED: Overcome inadequacy, meet demand of people, arrest declining of ground water level, increasing infiltration of soil, improve ground water, increases vegetation and green. ADVANTAGES: Aquifer serves distribution system, no land is waste, ground is not exposed to evaporation, storing water under ground is environmentally friendly, increases productivity, mitigates drought, reduces soil erosion. DESIGN ASPECTS 1. Hydrogeology of the area. 2. Nature and extent of aquifer. 3. Soil covers. 4. Topography depth. 5. Chemical quality of water. 6. PRIME: one of the prime requisite for ground water recharge is basically non-committed surplus rain water runoff. 7. Areas contributing to runoff: Other wise opportunity are...
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...The list of water harvesting techniques in Figure 3 is far from complete. You will probably come across different traditional and/or non-traditional techniques. Water harvesting systems can be grouped into two categories: Systems in which the bunds follow the contour line are called contour systems. Systems in which bunds do not follow the contour line, but enclose a part of the slope are called freestanding systems. Water harvesting systems for trees usually have an infiltration pit because the harvested water has to be concentrated near the tree. On long slopes systems with an infiltration pit are not advisable, because these systems harvest a large quantity of runoff water, too much to be collected in an infiltration pit. On long slopes the water is collected in a larger, cultivated area and used for either fodder/rangelands or crops. All kinds of variation are possible within water harvesting systems. The bunds can be constructed using a variety of materials: earth, stones and living and/or dead vegetable material (living barriers or trash lines). The bunds may or may not have a provision for draining the excess harvested water. For the free- standing systems variations are also possible in the layout of the bunds. They can be semi-circular, V-shaped or rectangular (Critchley...
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...Description | Water Tank 250,000L | X2 | 32,300.00 | Model: H 250 (Above ground tank) | Pumps and Fittings | X2 | 3,338.00 | Pump Combo 4 | PVC Piping | 42m | 139.30 | Rectangular PVC downpipe | Roof Guttering | 575m | 4048.95 | Fielders zinc quad gutter | Installation | - | 25,000 | Entire System (approximation) | Delivery | All items | 1000 | - | Total | - | 65,826.25 | - | Explanations- Water Tanks: It was decided that above ground water tanks be used because of the drastically lower cost involved by not having to excavate the ground for underground tanks and also because Visy’s Tumut plant has more than enough provided area being unused. (Appendix 1) Pumps and Fittings: The pumps and fittings for the two water tanks were chosen as they fulfilled the requirements and standards Visy needs for the kraft paper manufacturing processes. (Appendix 2) PVC Piping: Inexpensive and reliable PVC down piping. Able to tolerate maxium water flows and pressure system is capable of generating. (Appendix 3) Roof Guttering: Durable and reliable roof guttering at a low cost. Wide enough to withstand high water flow and provide an efficient water collection course.(Appendix 4) Installation: Installation of this rainwater harvesting system will cost approximately $15, 000 to $25, 000. $25, 000 being listed as a maximum forecast of the installation costs. (Appendix 5) Delivery: Water tanks and...
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...Potential of Rain Water Harvesting to Address Water Logging Problem: Case Study Senpara Porbota, Mirpur By Anika Tabassum Student, Department of Urban and Regional Planning Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Email: t_anika@yahoo.com Fuad Hasan Ovi Student, Department of Urban and Regional Planning Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Email: ovi_buet07@yahoo.com Md. Abu Hanif Student, Department of Urban and Regional Planning Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Email: hanif07buet@yahoo.com Ishrat Islam, PhD. Associate Professor Dept. of Urban & Regional Planning Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Email: ishrat_urp@yahoo.com Abstract: The population of Dhaka City is increasing at a rapid pace than ever before. Due to ever increasing population pressure along with the causes and consequences of global warming; the environment of the city is degrading and the weather parameters are adversely challenged. The baseline temperature, precipitation and relative humidity are shifted and eventually accentuated due to changes in the climate system. A massive shift in the days with rainfall and days without rainfall results in water logging as well as water scarcity. This study primarily focuses on water logging problem of Dhaka city during monsoon (May to October) season. Water logging is such an acute problem for the inhabitants of Dhaka city that disrupts the...
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...Chapter-1: Company Overview 1. Company Name & Address: Envoy Group Envoy Tower, 18/E, Lake Circus, Kalabagan, West panthapath, Dhaka-1205 Phone: +880-2-9102583 - 90, Fax: +880-2-9103128 - 29 E-mail: info@envoy-group.com 2. Historical Background: Established in 1984, Envoy Group is a diversified conglomerate with primary focus on ready-made garments and textile manufacturing. Envoy Group has expanded dramatically over the past three decades and built a remarkable distinction as an exporting giant in this challenging part of the world. As an emerging business conglomerate, Envoy Group believes in the wisdom of looking not just around the corner, but over the horizon. Envoy Group has earned unrivaled success in the field of readymade garments, textiles, local and international trading, freight forwarding, information technology, washing plant, real-estate, banking automation, hospitality service and consumer products. The group represents 27 business enterprises and has an annual turnover of USD $220 million with a workforce of 15000. 3. Total Employee: The Group represents 27 business enterprises at present, including 14 garments factories with around 15,000 employees. 4. Stock Exchange: Dhaka & Chittagong stock exchange listed. 5. Company’s Principal: 6. Financial Data: |Particulars |2012-13 |2011-12 |2010-11 |2009-10 |2008-2009 ...
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...Any agency is in an unenviable position when it starts working at the village level. The first problem is whether it fits into a set pattern: Is it pro-government? Is it a scheme started by the rural rich? Who sponsors the scheme? Who provides financial support? Which political party does it support? The first years are spent answering these questions. Depending on how convincing the answers are and depending on how aligned the project and its workers are to parties, ideologies, personalities in the area and to government, the people will respond accordingly. When any project starts, it needs time to settle down; but simultaneously, it must also win over the confidence of the very people. The first visible objectives of the project must be harmless to the people having vested interests in the village: services are to be provided to the whole village. The milestone for it should be combining humanitarianism, entrepreneurship and education to help people steer their own path out of poverty, fostering dignity and self-determination along the way. The viable goals are: 1. Setting up an industry 2. Marketing & developing a brand. 3. Developing a Tourist destination. For setting up an Industry: 1. To encourage an integrated approach to rural development. Integration is required between rural skills and urban knowledge, between human and financial resources in urban and rural areas. 2. It should be based in a village. It could not and should not be...
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...Mysore, by the Erstwhile His Highness the Maharaja of Mysore in 1938 i.e., 74 years ago. Since then the Society has been taking care of destitute animals in a purposeful manner; handicapped, injured, weak and abandoned animals are taken care of, by providing sufficient feed, shelter and expert medical care. The Registered Society carries the unique distinction of being the First of its kind in the State of Karnataka, to be recognized by and be registered with, the Animal Welfare Board of India, Chennai (001/1961) Aims, Goals & Endeavors Of Pinjrapole Society: * Prevention of cow slaughtering * Protection of cattle * Sheltering cattle, sheep, goats, horses, rabbits etc., which are week & helpless * Providing food, water, medical help to all these animals This Society is in the front line of prominent volunteer animal-care societies in the whole of South India, taking care of seized-animals being transported illegally to slaughter-houses situated in Kerala and Tamilnadu. The hapless animals rescued and recovered with assistance of the Law-Authorities and handed-over to the Society for feeding and taking care, under Court-orders. The statistics of animals seized and saved by various police stations and handed over since year 1999 have been reproduced here under for information. Till-date the society has been able to protect and take good care of thousands of animals, a worthy humanitarian duty, providing an excellent opportunity to those seeking PUNYA. At...
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...In recent years a lot of studies focused on Energy Scavenging Systems (ESS) which is used to harvest the environmental energy and to convert it into electrical energy. The objective of an ESS is to replace the batteries, which are the classical power sources or to extend their life time as long as possible. A Self-Supplied Integrable Active High-Efficiency Piezoelectric Energy Scavenging System (ESS) was proposed in this paper. This paper presents an innovative, totally integrated, ambient mechanical energy scavenging system .This ESS can be operated in combination with the photo voltaic (PV) installation in order to • To increase the overall efficiency of the solar energy system (PV), • To keep on charging the storage batteries even when the power outputs of solar cells were negligible due to worst climatic conditions (clouds and heavy rains) and during nights. Hence to provide an uninterruptible and reliable source of energy, • Increase the load handling capability of the solar energy system, • Increase the amount of energy accumulated in the storage batteries, • ESS in combination with solar cells acts as additional energy source to charge the storage batteries, • Increase the life of the storage batteries. An Embeddable, non-life-limiting power source for Wireless Sensor Nodes (WSN) can be realized Solar panels (PV) are well suited for the generation of electricity for domestic (small scale-typically for residential applications) and for remote...
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...ME3281 Microsystems Design and Applications TERM PAPER DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING MEMS Energy Harvesters LIM HUI HUA ALVINA A0083044M 2014 Table of Contents 1. Introduction: 2 2. Brief History of Electricity Transduction 2 3. Types of Micro Energy Harvesters 3 3.1 Energy Harvesting from Vibration 3 3.1.1 Fabrication Techniques 5 3.1.2 Applications, Challenges and the Future 6 3.2 Energy Harvesting from Thermal Sources 6 3.2.1 Fabrication Techniques 8 3.2.2 Applications, Challenges and the Future. 9 3.3 Energy Harvesting from Electromagnetic Waves 10 3.3.1 Applications, Challenges and the Future 11 3.4 Energy Harvesting from Light Sources 11 3.4.1 Fabrication 12 3.4.2 Applications, Challenges and the Future 13 4. Conclusion 13 References: 14 1. Introduction: One of the goals of engineers and scientists in this already tech-savvy age is to be able to design a device that is capable of powering itself for its lifetime without having to replace or recharge its battery using a power chord. These allow remote devices to be placed in hostile or inaccessible environments without requiring any or little maintenance such as the changing of batteries. This is especially applicable for silicon-based electronics, such as biomedical implants that have low power consumption, where batteries will largely affect its size; operational cost of the device, or perhaps even release harmful chemicals into the body. In addition, wireless sensor...
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...RAIN WATER HARVESTING IN NORTH EAST STATES: MIZORAM AND MANIPUR Rainwater harvesting is a means of taking water out of the hydrological cycle for either human or agricultural use. The rainfall is intercepted and collected on prepared watersheds. Basically, there are two types of rainwater harvesting schemes - those designed for agricultural use and those designed for human use. Rainwater catchment schemes intended for agricultural use require large catchment areas. In this case, use of the ground surface is the obvious choice. However, water for human use should be more convenient and cleaner than water for agricultural use. Roofs are an obvious choice for a catchment surface as their elevation protects them from contamination and damage which are common to ground surface catchments. Tanks located close to homes highlight the convenience of this system.. Besides, small scale RWH does not involve the existing water right. And it has become one of the economical and practical measures for providing supplementary water supplies with its easy system installation. It can be a supplementary water source in urbanized regions for miscellaneous household uses such as toilet flushing, lawn watering, landscape and ecological pools. In many developing countries, it even serves as a major water supply source. Other than storing rain water for later uses, it is also capable of providing some detention capacity for flood attenuations in some regions . Rainwater harvesting system has been...
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...RESEARCH PROJECT ON ANNUAL REPORT ON KISAN GROUP OF COMPANY PREPARED BY RESHMA NISHIKANT NAIK MCOM PART I SEMESTER I P.L.SHROFF COLLEGE OF ARTS & COMMERCE C.T.E.S 2012-2013 SUBMITTED TO UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI UNDER GUIDENCE BY PROF.SUCHITA V. KARVIR PREPARED BY: NAME: Kumbod Sanjay Mayekar CLASS: M-COM Part-I SEAT No.: 69 GUIDED BY: Prof. Suchita Karvir COLLAGE NAME: P.L.Shroff College of Arts & Commerce, Chinchani DECLARATION I Mr.Kumbod Sanjay Mayekar of P.L.Shroff College of Arts & Commerce, Chinchani M.Com Part I hereby, declare that this project work entitled “Annual Report On Kisan Group Of Company” in the academic year 2012-2013. I hereby further declare that all information of this document as been obtain and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conducts. Name & Signature of the Student Reshma N .Naik ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to extend my special thanks of gratitude to my lecturer Prof. Suchita V. Karvir as well as Mumbai University or to my College Staff who gave me the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project / presentation on the topic Annual Report On Kisan Group Of Company, which also helped me in doing a lot of research & I come to know about so many new things. I Am Really Thankful To Them I also thankful to those who directly or indirectly helped me to produce...
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...Calling for quotation Sample 1 Write a letter calling for Quotation for some electronic equipment for your college electronics laboratory. Write to M/S Electro products Ltd., R.G.Road, Chennai – 33. Assume that you are the H.O.D of ECE department in NIT - Chennai-16 National institute of technology Chennai-16 Date…………. To M/S Electro products Ltd., R.G.Road, Chennai – 33. Dear Sir, Sub: calling for quotation – reg. We require the following items for our concern before 16-05-2013. The details of our requirement are given below. S.No. | Items | Quantity | 1. | Function generator | 2 Nos | 2. | Multi meter | 2 Nos | 3. | IC Chips LM 339 | 3 Nos | 4. | IC Chips LM 7400 | 3 Nos | 5. | Diode IN 4007 | 20 Nos | We request you to quote your lowest price with complete details and delivery date. If your rates are competitive we would place an order for the same. Thanking you Yours faithfully, (k.subash) Prof. & Head of ECE Calling for quotation Sample 2 Assume yourself to be the purchase officer Royal Foundations Pvt. Ltd., Write a letter calling for Quotation to buy certain computer peripherals from Alpha technologies Pvt. Ltd., 25,Gandhi Street, Chennai. 25 Royal Foundations Pvt. Ltd. Chennai-25 Date…………. To Alpha technologies Pvt. Ltd., 25,Gandhi Street, Chennai. 25 Dear Sir, Sub: calling quotation for computer peripherals – reg. We require the...
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...Action plan & proposed environmental management system for Aitken Spence printing Aitken Spence group of companies undertake by it's co-operate policy to ensure the sustainable development through environment friendly manner. Co-operate vision state "We understand co-operate sustainability as a proactive approach to ensure the long term viability, profitability and integrity of the business by optimizing resource use and managing environmental & social impacts. As a diversified business group operating in several countries, we remain committed to continue our legacy of exemplary co-operate citizenship by aligning our sustainable strategies with global initiatives on sustainable development." In order to achieve our co-operate vision Aitken Spence strive to ➢ Exceed all legal and other requirement for the sustainable operation and development of the company ➢ Facilitate the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals and the principles of the United Nations Goal Compact ➢ Conduct all business in an ethical manner and encourage and support our partners to conduct business ethically ➢ Engage with stakeholders, consider their opinions at all stages of planning and operations ➢ Encourage supply chains to implement sustainable strategies and manage them ➢ Inculcate sustainability concept and views in strategic decision-making ➢ Use sustainable processes in...
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...to 1.5m litres of water everyday from the ground . It takes nine litres of clean water to manufacture a litre of Coke. In 2000 Coca-Cola opened a plant at Plachimada , a village in Kerala to produce 1.2m litres of coke every day. Slide 4: The conditional licence granted by the local panchayat authorised the use of motorised pumps But the company drilled more than six wells & illegally installed high-powered electric pumps to extract millions of litres of pure water . The level of the water table fell from 45 to 150 metres below the surface. Slide 5: The company started dumping waste outside causing a serious health hazard. The court gave Coca-Cola a notice to cease water extraction The theft of water was not only limited to kerala Overexploitation of groundwater soon started in Kaladera Kala Dera - Thirsting from Coca-Cola : Kala Dera - Thirsting from Coca-Cola Kala Dera is a large village outside the city of Jaipur. Agriculture is the primary source of livelihood . Coca-Cola started its bottling operations in Kala Dera in 2004, and within a year, the community started to notice a rapid decline in groundwater levels Slide 7: Kala Dera lies in an overexploited groundwater area and access to water has been difficult. Summers are particularly intense in the area, when water shortages are most acute. Moreover summer months are also when Coca-Cola reaches its peak production. Coca-Cola bottling plant in Kala Dera continues extracts the most water, making already existing...
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...California needs to regulate the use of groundwater and make a law, groundwater can be very dangerous and has many downsides. Farmers should try to save and use other sources of water and overall stop the use of groundwater. If we keep using ground water at this paste then we will eventually run out and the ground will continue to decrease. Making a law will allow the ground to renew itself. California needs to limit the amount of groundwater by making a law to force farmers to try to save the water and use desalinization and stormwater harvesting. California does not know how much groundwater is left. We need to know how much is left because eventually we will run out. If we run out then farmers most likely will not have a backup plan ,...
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