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Water Supply

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Water Supply Summary

In this chapter we learned about water supply. Understanding water supply principles is key to fire fighting for a number of different reasons. Knowing the different types of fire hydrants, their water pressure, and how far apart they will be from one another is important in a hazardous situation. There are 4 key principles to water supply systems. These principals are the source of water supply, means of moving water, water treatment facility, water storage and distribution. Sources of water supply in a jurisdiction can be obtained from surface water, ground water, or both. Some examples of surface water are rivers, and lakes. Most ground water supply comes from wells drilled into underground aquifers. The means of moving water has three key methods. These methods are direct pumping system, gravity system, and combination system. Direct pumping systems are water supply systems supplied by a system of pumps. These systems are typically found in industrial and agricultural settings. Gravity systems are water supply systems in which gravity is the driving force that moves the water. Water is elevated above the system in a tank. Combination systems are combinations of both gravity, and direct pump systems. Combination systems are the most common type of municipal water supply systems. Water treatment facilities are places the water goes through to get filtered, and decontaminated so that water can be consumed without causing illness. Water storage and distribution systems are the final step to water supply systems. Once the water leaves the treatment facility, it is delivered to storage tanks, and then distributed throughout the area it is serving. Hydrants that receive water from only one direction are known as dead end hydrants, and have a limited water supply. Hydrants that receive water from 2 or more

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