...OVERVIEW OF THE STATISTICS COMPONENT OF FINANCE (QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES) 203 Note: The ‘statistics’ component of the unit covers Topics 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10 and 11 only and will not cover all the concepts in these Topics. The following is an overview of what is required in each topic. You are recommended to do the quiz questions as shown and the tutorial questions. Week 1 (Descriptive Statistics) Concepts • Population vs. sample • Parameter vs. statistic and use of correct symbols • Types of data (nominal, ordinal, interval) • Displaying data: Nominal: Bar and pie charts Interval: Stem and leaf displays, histograms, ogives, box and whisker plots • Measures of central location (mean, median, mode) • Measures of dispersion/spread (standard deviation, variance) Do 1.7.3 Quiz Can attempt all 1.7.4 Topic Questions Week 2 (Sampling, Probability, Normal Distribution) Sampling Concepts • Types of sampling plans (simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, cluster sampling Probability Concepts • From a table of joint probabilities answer such questions as: P(A and B) P(A or B) P(A)|B Determine if events A and B are mutually exclusive or not Determine if events A and B are independent or not The Normal Distribution Question gives a population mean and population standard deviation for a normally distributed variable...
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...clans were doing and somehow got onto the topic of merging Awaken and Hostile and seeing what the outcome out be. They named all the positives and negatives of the situation and the merge seemed to look like it was all positive outcomes. After having a pk trip together and hunting some smaller clans in the wilderness, the leaders figured the pk trip went very well and decided to finalize the merge. Two top 20 clans came together to make a clan able to compete with the best, and looking like we were going to be top 5 within the first week of merging. Violent Resolution Leaders - General Shop, Drew Koskey, Viper1500 and Stephen22288 Officers - Cera S6, Jerminator12, Tyler11, Billybagz, Deadmanbjd81 and Lancer 3000 Warlords - Runechamp812, Exp Hog, Dogflogger, Prinz Jao Advisors - Diegosage, Sweetbritt69 The starting officials of the newly merged clan looked to be very experienced to help Violent Resolution’s quest to the top. The first week of being merged was a layed back one, with everyone just getting to know everyone and setting up the forums, IRC channel, teamspeak and a memberlist, which was estimated to be 150+ members (90 hostile, 60 Awaken) but turned out to be at around 110 members. After setting all that up, we decided to start getting some wars to get some experience working as a unit. Our first opponent, Mystic Knights. We had very little experience going into...
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...ROBERT GORDON BUSINESS SCHOOL Investment Appraisal for Zest Spa India A financial analysis 1411742 06.01.2015 Words: 2420 + 500 Appendix Table of contents 1. Company overview and appraisal ....................................................................................................... 1 2. Background .......................................................................................................................................... 1 2.1 Porter´s analysis ............................................................................................................................ 2 2.2. Indian government ....................................................................................................................... 2 3. Investment Thesis................................................................................................................................ 3 4. Valuation ............................................................................................................................................. 5 4.1 ARR ................................................................................................................................................ 6 4.2 IRR.................................................................................................................................................. 6 4.3 Limitations ...............................................................................................................
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...Marketing Management MKTG 5150, 007, 077, 080, 086 Fall 2013 8W Instructor: Kenneth N. Thompson, Ph.D. Professor of Marketing & Logistics Office Hours: 1:30 – 3:30 TTh and by appointment E-‐mail: kenneth.thompson@unt.edu. Only use this e-‐mail address if you cannot reach me via the Blackboard Learn e-‐mail facility. Use the ‘e-‐mail’ selection on the Learn menu bar (left side of the Learn window). E-‐mail traffic initiated via Blackboard Learn is specifically flagged to get my attention. By the way, do not expect me to respond to e-‐mail on weekends or after 5:00 p.m. on weeknights. I am often online during these times, but there are no guarantees with my extensive travel schedule this Summer. Roger Kerin and Robert Peterson (2010), Strategic Marketing Problems: Cases and Comments, 12th Ed. (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall) ISBN-‐13: 978-‐0-‐13-‐...
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... 1. Be able to develop interval estimates and conduct hypothesis tests about the difference between two population means whenandare known. 2. Know the properties of the sampling distribution of . 3. Be able to use the t distribution to conduct statistical inferences about the difference between two population means whenandare unknown. 4. Learn how to analyze the difference between two population means when the samples are independent and when the samples are matched. 5. Be able to develop interval estimates and conduct hypothesis tests about the difference between two population proportions. 6. Know the properties of the sampling distribution of . Solutions: 1. a. = 13.6 - 11.6 = 2 ...
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...1) | Sales | TV | Radio | Fuel.Volume | 1 | Min. :18969 | Min. : 0.00 | Min. : 0.00 | Min. :56259 | 2 | 1st Qu.:21171 | 1st Qu.: 0.00 | 1st Qu.: 0.00 | 1st Qu.:61754 | 3 | Median :22924 | Median : 0.00 | Median : 0.00 | Median :63136 | 4 | Mean :23064 | Mean : 41.28 | Mean : 80.47 | Mean :62853 | 5 | 3rd Qu.:24489 | 3rd Qu.: 70.00 | 3rd Qu.:205.00 | 3rd Qu.:64637 | 6 | Max. :28451 | Max. :225.00 | Max. :260.00 | Max. :68549 | 2) a) Yes, The p-value is 9.72e^-12. Much lower than Tyler’s 10% significant level. | Value | Prediction | Lower | Upper | 1 | Minimum | 18809.35 | 14777.04 | 22841.66 | 2 | Mean | 23063.73 | 19182.71 | 26944.74 | 3 | Max | 26739.02 | 22744.55 | 30733.49 | b) c) See above d) Greater fuel volumes could translate as greater number of customers. With greater numbers visiting the gas station, there is a greater chance the customer will visit the store. 3) Residuals: Min 1Q Median 3Q Max -4955.8 -1750.4 -232.4 1464.2 4730.6 Coefficients: Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|) (Intercept) 22142.385 275.018 80.513 < 2e-16 *** TV 12.193 3.874 3.147 0.00219 ** Radio 5.195 2.700 1.924 0.05726 . --- Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1 Residual standard error: 2138 on 98 degrees of freedom Multiple R-squared: 0.2544, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2391 F-statistic: 16.72 on 2 and 98 DF, p-value:...
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...Final Assignment | Research methods for managers | 1. Assume the room rate for a 3-star hotel in Paris follows a normal distribution with a mean of 175€ and a standard deviation of 16€. What is the probability that a randomly selected 3-star hotel has a room rate of Z(X) = x-μσ σ=16 μ=175 a) Less than 195 Euros? Z (195) = 195-17516 = 1, 25 so 89, 4% b) More than 180 Euros? Z (180) = 180-17516 = 0, 31 so 62, 2% c) Exactly 170 Euros? Z (170) = 170-17516 = - 0, 31 so 37, 8% d) Between 150 and 182 Euros? Z (150) = 150-17516 = - 1, 56 Z (182) = 182-17516 = 0, 44 P (150 < X < 182) = - 1, 56 – 0, 44 = - 2 so 2, 3% 2. A survey found that the American family generates an average of 17.2 pounds of glass garbage each year. Assume the standard deviation of the distribution is 2.5 pounds. Find the probability that the mean of a sample of 55 families will be between 17 and 18 pounds. μ=17, 2 σ=2,5 n=55 σX= σ√n Z(X) = x-μ(x)σ(x) σX= 2, 555=0, 34 Z17= 17-17, 20, 34= -0, 59 Z18= 18-17, 20, 34=2, 37 P (17 < X < 18) = - 0, 59 – 2, 37 = - 2, 96 so 0, 15% 3. According to the government-lending institution Sallie Mae, students graduating from college have an average credit card debt of $4,100. A random sample of 50 graduating seniors was selected, and their average credit card debt was found to be $4,360. Assume the standard deviation for student credit card debt is $1,200....
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...different ways. DFS is believed to use budget constrained style . They are having their concern about the increasing of overhead cost. In the next year, their main target is keep costs under control. The director also said that the managers are going to overspend will be penalised in some ways including the posibilily of losing their job Hofstede ( 1968 ) indicated that only budget level within limited zone really improve performance, outside the zone ( 1 and 6 ) budget do more harm than good. * Zone 1 : Too Slack - - that would lead to overspending- make managers no real effort to achieve outcome * Zone 6 : Too Tight-- it prevents overspendings- make managers very difficult to achieve , destroys staff motivation APPLY to the DFS * This year, the company is trying to add a small increment to each department’s actual spending for the previous financial year (to account for inflation)… DFS believed they are having a good budget level now that don’t need to change much Zero-based budgeting is an approach to planning and decision-making * A ZBB makes leaders to identify what they need for the next year and how much they need to reduce cost as much as possible. * APPLY TO DFS : * MR Jones want to set up a broader set of indicators . This shows that he want to create a new indicators that can evaluate accurately the budget of the business. \ The first goal is employees training for upgrading staff competencies with 2 hours per week. Investing...
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...Problem #1: To Open or Not to Open – That is the Question! While vacationing in Thailand, Steve and Linda fell in love with Thai food. Their hometown does not have a Thai restaurant, so Steve and Linda planned to open one. Linda is a chef and Steve would quit his job to run the “business” side of the restaurant. Steve found an empty restaurant for lease with seven tables that would seat four each. The restaurant would serve dinner only (no lunch) Tuesday – Saturday, and Linda is planning on having two seatings per evening. They will close two weeks a year for vacation. The Thai loving couple has come up with the following estimates: Average Revenue, including beverages and dessert $ 45 per meal Average cost of food $ 15 per meal Chef’s (Linda) and dishwasher’s salaries $ 61,200 per year Rent for building and equipment $ 4,000 per month Cleaning costs $ 800 per month Replacement of dishes, glasses, etc. $ 300 per month Utilities, advertising, telephone $ 2,300 per month Requirements: 1) Compute the annual breakeven number of meals and Sales Revenue for the restaurant: Total Expense per year = 61,200+12*(4000+800+300+2300) = $150,000 Contribution margin per meal = 45-15 = $30.00 Breakeven number of meals = $150,000/30 = $5,000.00 Contribution margin ratio= $30/$45 = 0.67 Breakeven number of sales = $150,000/.67 = $223,880.60 2) Compute the number of meals needed to earn operating...
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...Case Study – Direct Food Supply (DFS) Company background DFS is a rapidly growing food distribution and wholesaling company located in the North East of England. It was founded by Mr Abbas, who started the business from a small storage room with only 3 employees back in 1985. From the mid 80s to the late 90s, DFS experienced tremendous growth in business volume (sales). In order to meet the increasing demand for its services, Mr Abbas began an ambitious expansion plan in 1999. In order to fund this expansion, Mr Abbas decided to join forces with three other major investors - Mr Jones, Mr Mehdi and Mr Dimitry. As part of the plan, the company’s operations were relocated to a bigger, dedicated site in an industrial estate near Gateshead. DFS subsequently employed more staff, extended its existing production capacity to include facilities such as industrial chill rooms (30 pallet* space), freezers (200 pallet space with racking system) and a massive dry good storage area (480 pallet space with racking system). Expansion work was completed towards the end of 2000, and the “new” DFS became by far the largest food supply and distribution company in the North East of England. [pic][pic] *pallet - a small, low, portable platform on which goods are placed for storage or moving [pic][pic] Since 1999, the four significant owners have all remained as major shareholders. Each holds the same proportion of ownership at 25%. Of the four of them, two (Mr Abbas and Mr Jones)...
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...BUS 308 Week 2 Download 100% accurate A++ and most economical answer from here http://www.homeworkmarket.com/content/bus-308-week-2-5173059-2 http://www.homeworkmarket.com/content/bus-308-week-2-5173059-2 Week 2 Testing means In questions 2 and 3, be sure to include the null and alternate hypotheses you will be testing. In the first 3 questions use alpha = 0.05 in making your decisions on rejecting or not rejecting the null hypothesis. 1 Below are 2 one-sample t-tests comparing male and female average salaries to the overall sample mean. (Note: a one-sample t-test in Excel can be performed by selecting the 2-sample unequal variance t-test and making the second variable = Ho value -- see column S) Based on our sample, how do you interpret the results and what do these results suggest about the population means for male and female average salaries? Males Females Ho: Mean salary = 45 Ho: Mean salary = 45 Ha: Mean salary =/= 45 Ha: Mean salary =/= 45 Note: While the results both below are actually from Excel's t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Unequal Variances, having no variance in the Ho variable makes the calculations default to the one-sample t-test outcome - we are tricking Excel into doing a one sample test for us. Male Ho Female Ho Mean 52 45...
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...1. What is the best way to increase value the most, given the following information for one customer? Base Case: Perceived benefits $50 and Price $10.00 Improvement Option A: Perceived benefits $65 and Price $13.00 Improvement Option B: Perceived benefits $65 and Price $12.50 Improvement Option C: Perceived benefits $60 and Price $12.50 We derive the following (using the formula, value = perceived benefits / price (cost) to the customer): * Base Case: value = (50/10) = 5 * Option A: value = (65/13) = 5 * Option B: value = (65/12.50) = 5.20 * Option C: value = (60/12.50) = 4.80 The option B is the best way to increase value the most (but the cost to the customer is higher, and the perceived benefit as well). 6. Marine International manufactures an aquarium pump and is trying to decide whether to produce the filter system in-house or sign an outsourcing contract with Bayfront Manufacturing to make the filter system. Marine’s expertise is producing the pumps itself, but it is considering producing the filter systems also. To establish a filter system production area at Marine International, the fixed costs is $370,000 per year, and it estimates the variable cost of production in-house at $11.27 per filter system. If Marine outsources the production of the filter system to Bayfront, Bayfront will charge Marine $25 per filter system. Should Marine International outsource the production of the filter system to Bayfront if marine sells 25,000 pumps a...
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...Journal of Education and Practice ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) Vol 3, No 1, 2012 www.iiste.org The Effectiveness of Co-curricular Activities on Academic Achievements of Secondary School Students in District Abbottabad Pakistan - A Case Study Zahid Bashir, Shafqat Hussain NUMLs Islamabad Pakistan Abstract This research was conducted to examine the effect of co-curricular activities on academic achievements of secondary school students in District Abbottabad. The research is experimental in nature, pre-test Post–test equivalent group design was selected for this purpose. In this study, an achievement test covering four chapters of mathematics and four lessons of English was used as measuring instrument. Depending upon pre-test scores, 200 students of 10th class were divided into two equal groups (n=100) named as experimental group and control group. The experimental group was involved in co-curricular activities and the control group did not participate in any activity beyond the classroom. There were two types of co-curricular activities. First physical i.e., games, athletics and P.T (physical training) etc and the other was debates, drama speeches etc. The experimental group carried out activities for forty minutes daily for twelve weeks. The post-test was administered after twelve weeks. The pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental and control groups served as data for this study. The analysis of data revealed that on the whole...
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...1. Based on the spreadsheet data, how would you characterize Steel Works’ products? What about Steel Works’ customers? Given your answer and the information in the case what does this suggest? Company Profile: Steelworks Inc., from the case produces seven different types of products from both specialty and custom products. From the case it’s evident that the specialty product contribute to 67% of the revenue produced by the company. The specialty products ideally deal with small business customer whose annual business range is less that 1 million. The custom division produces products for large business customers and its essential that they hold stock in the inventory throughout the year to cater the needs of the customers. From the case its also mentioned that Steelworks Inc. have been spending more money on the stocks in the inventory. The products produced by the company are Durabend R10- Specialty Durabend R12- Specialty Durabend R15- Specialty Duraflex R10- Custom Duraflex R12-Custom Duraflex R15-Custom Duraflex R23-Custom From the limited information we have from the case study, Duraflex R23 is a custom product made for single customer. Its been produced at one of the three plants located near one of the three R&D centres. Revenue and Sales: From the Excel sheets its clear the Durabend R15 and Durabend R12 have high revenue on the sales of the company. Its also clear from the sheet that the production and selling price of the products are in...
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...Question 1 Table 1 : test for normality (Descriptives) | | | | Statistic | Std. Error | Profession of Respondent | Mean | 2.78 | .138 | | 95% Confidence Interval for Mean | Lower Bound | 2.50 | | | | Upper Bound | 3.05 | | | 5% Trimmed Mean | 2.75 | | | Median | 3.00 | | | Variance | 1.456 | | | Std. Deviation | 1.207 | | | Minimum | 1 | | | Maximum | 5 | | | Range | 4 | | | Interquartile Range | 2 | | | Skewness | .165 | .276 | | Kurtosis | -.814 | .545 | Table 2: Tests of Normality | | Kolmogorov-Smirnova | Shapiro-Wilk | | Statistic | df | Sig. | Statistic | df | Sig. | Profession of Respondent | .161 | 76 | .000 | .912 | 76 | .000 | In table 1 the skewness statistic is .165 and std error .276 and kurtosis is -.814 and std error .545 Test for normality if the result after dividing statistic /std error and in kurtosis ststistic/std error result should be +1.92 to -1.92 then the data collection in normal other wise not So here in skewness=.165/.276=.5978 Kurtosis=-.814/.545=-1.49 In both condition the result between +1.92 to -1.92 so the data is normal In table 2 test for normality if sig. value <.05 then null hypothesis will be accepted and data is not normal distributed If sig. value >.05 then data is normally distributed other wise not . But here sig value 0 so data is not normally distributed Chart 1 : test for normality In the chart 1 histogram chart below epicts a bell shaped...
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