...MGSC 372 Fall 2014 Assignment 1 Prof. B. Smith Due Oct 4, QUESTION 1 The Pareto distribution, named after the Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto, is a probability distribution that may be used to describe social, scientific, geophysical, actuarial, and many other types of observable phenomena. Pareto originally used this distribution to describe the allocation of wealth among individuals since it seemed to show rather well the way that a larger portion of the wealth of any society is owned by a smaller percentage of the people in that society. He also used it to describe distribution of income.[8] This idea is sometimes expressed more simply as the Pareto principle or the "80-20 rule" which says that 20% of the population controls 80% of the wealth. This distribution is not limited to describing wealth or income, but to many situations in which an equilibrium is found in the distribution of the "small" to the "large". The following examples, among others, are sometimes seen as approximately Pareto-distributed: * The sizes of human settlements (few cities, many hamlets/villages. * File size distribution of Internet traffic which uses the TCP protocol (many smaller files, few larger ones) * Hard disk drive error rates The Pareto distribution function may be given as follows: fxx0,θ= θx0θx-θ-1 , ...
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...U.S. ARMY SERGEANTS MAJOR ACADEMY (FSC) P661 1 June 06 MONITOR UNIT AND INDIVIDUAL FITNESS TRAINING PROGRAMS PRERESIDENT TRAINING SUPPORT PACKAGE THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY PRERESIDENT TRAINING SUPPORT PACKAGE (TSP) TSP Number / Title Effective Date Supersedes TSP(s) / Lesson(s) TSP Users Proponent Improvement Comments P661 / MONITOR UNIT AND INDIVIDUAL FITNESS TRAINING PROGRAMS 01 Jun 2006 P661, Monitor unit and individual fitness training programs, Jun 05 521-SQIM (DL), First Sergeant Course The proponent for this document is the Sergeants Major Academy. Users are invited to send comments and suggested improvements on DA Form 2028, Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms. Completed forms, or equivalent response, will be mailed or attached to electronic e-mail and transmitted to: COMDT USASMA ATTN ATSS DCF BLDG 11291 BIGGS FIELD FORT BLISS TX 79918-8002 Telephone (Comm) (915) 568-8875 Telephone (DSN) 978-8875 E-mail: atss-dcd@bliss.army.mil Security Clearance / Access Foreign Disclosure Restrictions Unclassified FD5. This product/publication has been reviewed by the product developers in coordination with the USASMA foreign disclosure authority. This product is releasable to students from all requesting foreign countries without restrictions. 1 PREFACE Purpose This Training Support Package provides the student with a standardized lesson plan for presenting instruction for: Task Number Task Title 071-990-0007...
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...Chapter I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction As technology continues to advance, computers are becoming more part of everyday life. Computers are everywhere at work, at school, and at home. Many daily activities either involve the use of or depend on information from a computer. It is also the best solution for providing information and a way of communications in every individual and gives better understanding of some events that can arouse the interest of some particular subject matter. The computerized world is highly efficient one, which processing the big quantities of data and keeping. Computer can be considered as another instrument for developing a system like grading system in every school. This can be a great help to those teachers who are handling many task from providing easier and faster access. Through the advancement of Education System in the Philippines and the application of K-12 system in public and private schools, the systems of grading and recording must be restructured together with the development of the country’s system. K-12 system of assessment critically changed and made assimilation with the international countries. The ideal system focused on the decisive purpose of quality assuring student learning. The said education system is also a standard-based to guarantee the productive teaching of teachers to help the students aspire through their goal. The propagation of technology greatly helps the teachers and students to have efficient...
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...Assignment 1-Financial Research Report FIN 534: Financial Management Hannah Fox Dr. Dana Leland August 30, 2015 The U.S. publicly traded company that I have selected is Kroger. Kroger is a grocery retail chain in the US. It operates supermarkets and multi-department stores under a number of banners including Kroger, Harris Teeter, Ralphs, Fred Meyer, Food 4 Less, Fry's, King Soopers, Smith's, Dillons, Jay C, QFC and City Market. According to The (Kroger Co. SWOT Analysis, 2015), the company holds the largest or the second largest market share position in 41 of the 49 major markets in which it operates. It ranks among the largest corporations in the US. Kroger's size provides it with significant pricing power over food producers, giving the company economies of scale over smaller supermarket operators. Kroger follows a strategy which has evolved to incorporate more elements of differentiation on factors other than price. The company has tried to identify various factors that drive customer visits and loyalty and has made several targeted investments to achieve the same. One such move is the increase in gasoline stations. The company has increased the number of stores with fuel centers to 1,240 in FY2014 from 376 in FY2003. Having more than 1,000 fuel centers is a key advantage for Kroger, enabling the company to drive traffic to its stores. In 2010, the company partnered with Shell to roll out the grocer rewards program in Cincinnati, Dayton, Knoxville, Nashville and San...
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...1999 Second edition 2003 Published by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 1-4039-1135-5 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. 10 9 12 11 8 7 10 09 6 08 5 07 4 06 3 2 1 05 04 03 Acknowledgements The author would like to thank the following: TMP Worldwide Research, 32 Aybrook Street, London W1M 3JL (tel. 0171 872 1500), for permission to reproduce their data on ‘soft...
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...Airline Studies Module Code – 5N4971 An Investigation into Aviation Organisation By: Milton Redmond Table of Contents Introduction: 3 Aims & Objectives: 3 Brief Description of Civil Aviation and Relationship with UNWTO: 4 Chicago Convention 4 United Nations World Tourism Organization 5 ICAO and UNWTO Affirm Cooperation on Joint Aviation and Tourism Goals 5 Description of Etihad Airways: 6 Partners and Alliances: 10 Chartered & Scheduled Flight Services: 20 Etihad Airport Services 23 EAS-Ground 23 EAS-Cargo 24 EAS-Catering 24 Aircraft Type & Passenger Capacity: 25 World's Top 3 Airlines 2013 Profiles and Etihads Direct Competitors: 28 Importance of Branding and General Airport Operations: 29 Movement of Passengers at Abu Dhabi Airport: 31 Communications Utilized by Etihad: 33 Conclusion: 35 Recommendations: 35 Bibliography: 35 Introduction: This assignment requires the author to type a written report on one organisation in the aviation industry which covers learning outcomes 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, 16 & 17 as per the module component. This report is to identify and research an airline related product or service that meets a particular consumer need. Finally the Author will evaluate the findings, draw conclusions and recommendations. Aims & Objectives: * Evidence of understanding and application of Airline Studies. * Detailed Exploration of the chosen topic. * Use / selection of relevant...
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...Using gretl for Principles of Econometrics, 4th Edition Version 1.0411 Lee C. Adkins Professor of Economics Oklahoma State University April 7, 2014 1 Visit http://www.LearnEconometrics.com/gretl.html for the latest version of this book. Also, check the errata (page 459) for changes since the last update. License Using gretl for Principles of Econometrics, 4th edition. Copyright c 2011 Lee C. Adkins. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation (see Appendix F for details). i Preface The previous edition of this manual was about using the software package called gretl to do various econometric tasks required in a typical two course undergraduate or masters level econometrics sequence. This version tries to do the same, but several enhancements have been made that will interest those teaching more advanced courses. I have come to appreciate the power and usefulness of gretl’s powerful scripting language, now called hansl. Hansl is powerful enough to do some serious computing, but simple enough for novices to learn. In this version of the book, you will find more information about writing functions and using loops to obtain basic results. The programs have been generalized in many instances so that they could be adapted for other uses if desired. As I learn more about hansl specifically...
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...Probability and Statistics for Finance The Frank J. Fabozzi Series Fixed Income Securities, Second Edition by Frank J. Fabozzi Focus on Value: A Corporate and Investor Guide to Wealth Creation by James L. Grant and James A. Abate Handbook of Global Fixed Income Calculations by Dragomir Krgin Managing a Corporate Bond Portfolio by Leland E. Crabbe and Frank J. Fabozzi Real Options and Option-Embedded Securities by William T. Moore Capital Budgeting: Theory and Practice by Pamela P. Peterson and Frank J. Fabozzi The Exchange-Traded Funds Manual by Gary L. Gastineau Professional Perspectives on Fixed Income Portfolio Management, Volume 3 edited by Frank J. Fabozzi Investing in Emerging Fixed Income Markets edited by Frank J. Fabozzi and Efstathia Pilarinu Handbook of Alternative Assets by Mark J. P. Anson The Global Money Markets by Frank J. Fabozzi, Steven V. Mann, and Moorad Choudhry The Handbook of Financial Instruments edited by Frank J. Fabozzi Collateralized Debt Obligations: Structures and Analysis by Laurie S. Goodman and Frank J. Fabozzi Interest Rate, Term Structure, and Valuation Modeling edited by Frank J. Fabozzi Investment Performance Measurement by Bruce J. Feibel The Handbook of Equity Style Management edited by T. Daniel Coggin and Frank J. Fabozzi The Theory and Practice of Investment Management edited by Frank J. Fabozzi and Harry M. Markowitz Foundations of Economic Value Added, Second Edition by James L. Grant Financial Management and Analysis, Second Edition...
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...PART ONE Solutions to Exercises Chapter 2 Review of Probability Solutions to Exercises 1. (a) Probability distribution function for Y Outcome (number of heads) probability Y=0 0.25 Y=1 0.50 Y=2 0.25 (b) Cumulative probability distribution function for Y Outcome (number of heads) Probability Y −1.96 and < −1.96. Solving these inequalities yields n ≥ 9220. 18. Pr (Y = $0) = 0.95, Pr (Y = $20000) = 0.05. (a) The mean of Y is μY = 0 × Pr (Y = $0) + 20, 000 × Pr (Y = $20000) = $1000. The variance of Y is 2 σ Y = E ⎢ ( Y − μY ) ⎢ ⎡ ⎣ 2⎤ ⎥ ⎥ ⎦ = (0 − 1000)2 × Pr (Y = 0 ) + (20000 − 1000)2 × Pr (Y = 20000) = (−1000)2 × 0.95 + 19000 2 × 0.05 = 1.9 × 10 7, so the standard deviation of Y is σ Y = (1.9 × 107 ) 2 = $4359. 1 2 (b) (i) E (Y ) = μY = $1000, σ Y = σnY = 1.9×10 = 1.9 × 10 5. 100 2 7 (ii) Using the central limit theorem, Pr (Y > 2000) = 1 − Pr (Y ≤ 2000) ⎛ Y − 1000 2, 000 − 1, 000 ⎞ = 1 − Pr ⎜ ≤ ⎟ 5 1.9 × 10 5 ⎠ ⎝ 1.9 × 10 ≈ 1 − Φ (2.2942) = 1 − 0.9891 = 0.0109. Solutions to Exercises in Chapter 2 11 19. (a) Pr (Y = y j ) = ∑ Pr ( X = xi , Y = y j ) i =1 l l = ∑ Pr (Y =y j|X =xi )Pr ( X =xi ) i =1 (b) E (Y ) = ∑ y j Pr (Y = yj ) = ∑ yj ∑ Pr (Y = yj |X = xi ) Pr ( X = xi ) j =1 j =1 i =1 k k l =∑ l ⎛ k ⎜ ⎜ ⎜ i =1 ⎜ j =1 ⎝ l ∑ yj Pr (Y = yj |X = xi ) ⎟ Pr ( X =xi ) ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎟ =∑ E (Y |X =xi )Pr ( X =xi ). i =1 (c) When X and Y are independent, Pr (X = xi , Y = yj ) = Pr (X = xi )Pr (Y = yj ), so σ XY =...
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...data sets that have both a cross-sectional and time dimension. I spend almost an entire lecture talking about the problems inherent in drawing causal inferences in the social sciences. I do this mostly through the agricultural yield, return to education, and crime examples. These examples also contrast experimental and nonexperimental data. Students studying business and finance tend to find the term structure of interest rates example more relevant, although the issue there is testing the implication of a simple theory, as opposed to inferring causality. I have found that spending time talking about these examples, in place of a formal review of probability and statistics, is more successful (and more enjoyable for the students and me). 3 CHAPTER 2 TEACHING NOTES This is the chapter where I expect students to follow most, if not all, of the algebraic derivations. In class I like to derive at least the unbiasedness of the OLS slope coefficient, and usually I derive the variance. At a minimum, I talk about the factors affecting the variance. To simplify the notation, after I emphasize the assumptions in the population model, and assume random sampling, I just condition on the values of the explanatory variables in the sample. Technically, this is justified by random...
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...data sets that have both a cross-sectional and time dimension. I spend almost an entire lecture talking about the problems inherent in drawing causal inferences in the social sciences. I do this mostly through the agricultural yield, return to education, and crime examples. These examples also contrast experimental and nonexperimental data. Students studying business and finance tend to find the term structure of interest rates example more relevant, although the issue there is testing the implication of a simple theory, as opposed to inferring causality. I have found that spending time talking about these examples, in place of a formal review of probability and statistics, is more successful (and more enjoyable for the students and me). 3 CHAPTER 2 TEACHING NOTES This is the chapter where I expect students to follow most, if not all, of the algebraic derivations. In class I like to derive at least the unbiasedness of the OLS slope coefficient, and usually I derive the variance. At a minimum, I talk about the factors affecting the variance. To simplify the notation, after I emphasize the assumptions in the population model, and assume random sampling, I just condition on the values of the explanatory variables in the sample. Technically, this is justified by random sampling...
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...REVIEWS, REFINEMENTS AND NEW IDEAS IN FACE RECOGNITION Edited by Peter M. Corcoran Reviews, Refinements and New Ideas in Face Recognition Edited by Peter M. Corcoran Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2011 InTech All chapters are Open Access articles distributed under the Creative Commons Non Commercial Share Alike Attribution 3.0 license, which permits to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt the work in any medium, so long as the original work is properly cited. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published articles. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Mirna Cvijic Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer Jan Hyrat Image Copyright hfng, 2010. Used under license from Shutterstock.com First published July, 2011 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available...
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...This page intentionally left blank Managerial Economics Managerial economics, meaning the application of economic methods in the managerial decision-making process, is a fundamental part of any business or management course. This textbook covers all the main aspects of managerial economics: the theory of the firm; demand theory and estimation; production and cost theory and estimation; market structure and pricing; game theory; investment analysis and government policy. It includes numerous and extensive case studies, as well as review questions and problem-solving sections at the end of each chapter. Nick Wilkinson adopts a user-friendly problem-solving approach which takes the reader in gradual steps from simple problems through increasingly difficult material to complex case studies, providing an understanding of how the relevant principles can be applied to real-life situations involving managerial decision-making. This book will be invaluable to business and economics students at both undergraduate and graduate levels who have a basic training in calculus and quantitative methods. N I C K W I L K I N S O N is Associate Professor in Economics at Richmond, The American International University in London. He has taught business and economics in various international institutions in the UK and USA, as well as working in business management in both countries. Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge...
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...Executive Summary Industry and macro-environmental analyses of the international restaurant industry provides an overview of the industry and reveals the conditions that impact competitiveness and profitability of the industry’s players. The industry is split in two sectors: full-service restaurants (FSR) and limited-service restaurants (LSR). FSRs typically have a wait-staff; LSRs do not have wait-staff. The top five countries, in terms of total number of foodservice outlets, are: China, India, Brazil, Japan, and the US. The industry is of low concentration. Combined, the top industry players make up less than 3% of total global industry revenues. In terms of size, 2013 global sales were $2.6T, up 4.9%. The 2013 global labor force was 62.4M employees, up 2.4%. In accordance with Porter’s Five Forces framework, the forces that shape competition in the restaurant industry have a moderate to high impact on competitiveness. There is a moderate threat of new entrants and a high threat of substitutes. Buyers have a high degree of bargaining power and suppliers have a moderate degree of bargaining power. The restaurant industry is highly competitive and experiences intense rivalry. In terms of macro-environmental factors, emerging markets around the world over are having an impact on how restaurants execute strategy both domestically and abroad. The growth of the middle class in emerging markets, such as China and India, presents a new demographic and an opportunity...
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...Comments on FUTURE SHOCK C. P. Snow: "Remarkable ... No one ought to have the nerve to pontificate on our present worries without reading it." R. Buckminster Fuller: "Cogent ... brilliant ... I hope vast numbers will read Toffler's book." Betty Friedan: "Brilliant and true ... Should be read by anyone with the responsibility of leading or participating in movements for change in America today." Marshall McLuhan: "FUTURE SHOCK ... is 'where it's at.'" Robert Rimmer, author of The Harrad Experiment: "A magnificent job ... Must reading." John Diebold: "For those who want to understand the social and psychological implications of the technological revolution, this is an incomparable book." WALL STREET JOURNAL: "Explosive ... Brilliantly formulated." LONDON DAILY EXPRESS: "Alvin Toffler has sent something of a shock-wave through Western society." LE FIGARO: "The best study of our times that I know ... Of all the books that I have read in the last 20 years, it is by far the one that has taught me the most." THE TIMES OF INDIA: "To the elite ... who often get committed to age-old institutions or material goals alone, let Toffler's FUTURE SHOCK be a lesson and a warning." MANCHESTER GUARDIAN: "An American book that will ... reshape our thinking even more radically than Galbraith's did in the 1950s ... The book is more than a book, and it will do more than send reviewers raving ... It is a spectacular outcrop of a formidable, organized intellectual effort ... For the first time in history...
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