...networking, and my goal is to inform you of those vulnerabilities to help you stay protected from them. Wired Equivalent Protocol (WEP) was the original wireless security protocol. WEP was flawed in numerous ways and hackers were able to get information in minutes. WPAv1 was then introduced as an interim replacement because WEP was that flawed. WPAv1 was made to improve on the secure wireless networks and also used a newer and more improved algorithm. When WPAv2 was finally released, many devices began to be created to be compatible with the AES algorithm WPAv2 uses. There still have not been any major hacks or attacks on a WPAv2-AES network that would cause the Wi-Fi alliance look into using another algorithm a replacement. WPAv1 is too easy to hack so it is not recommended and WPAv1 is now susceptible to multiple types of attacks. There are several different ways you can help to protect yourself and your information. Verify your spam in your e-mail to make sure a file accidentally was not forwarded to spam. There are also others to improve your security. The length of your passkey is very important in security, as well as keeping an up-to-date anti-virus and staying up-to-date on all the latest hacks, cracks, and technology are critical for your protection. N. Justin Bernard Network Security Term Paper November 13, 2012 The difference between cracking a WEP and a WPA network passkey and how to protect yourself from it In today’s always evolving and improving technology world...
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...in detail the steps involved in cracking WEP encryption. Discuss the implications of relying on such a legacy protocol today and how essential it is for the IT industry to keep current with technology. Explain how to conduct a man-in-the-middle attack between a client (user’s computer) and their access point (AP). Discuss two trust issues which revolve around any type of wireless (i.e. Wi-Fi, WLAN, 3G, Bluetooth) communication. Wep is the basic security encryption mechanism. WEP is weakened by the use of a 24 bit initialization vector (IV) that is reused in a short period of time, thus rendering WEP vulnerable to attack by several readily available cracking tools. One of the challenges of wireless traffic analysis is the ability to inspect the contents of encrypted data frames. Now wireshark has the ability to decode many different network layer and higher protocols, encrypted traffic limits the ability to analyze packets and troubleshoot network problems. Wireshark offers some options to analyze WEP encrypted data. Wireshark offers some options to analyze WEP encrypted data. When configured with the correct WEP key, Wireshark can automatically decrypt WEP encrypted data. When and dissect the plaintext contents of these frames. This allows the administrator to use display filters, coloring rules and other Wireshark features on the decrypted frame contents. In this day in age WEP is not considered a very good security encryption mechanism. I see the WEP as secure as...
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...Wireless Network Security Wireless networks in personal homes are becoming more and more popular. With the ease of using no wires and the signal being broadcasted throughout the house, the new printers coming out that are network ready, and along with the new gaming systems like Playstation 3 and Xbox 360 all have wireless network settings. A wireless network is the most vulnerable network out if the precautions of taking time to set up the security properly. Everyone saves personal important information on their computer systems. When there is a wireless network with the settings not set right the computer system is fair game for any, who would like to look at information stored on the computer system. Viruses are not the only thing to protect against. Outsiders or even a neighbor can easily get into a computer’s information though a wireless network. Identity theft can even get implemented with wireless security, if you have a lot of personal information. Credit card information and bank account information can all be stolen from the system and then used for evil. Not only are personal homes affected, but businesses can be too. WarDriving is a big fad among the computer ‘hackers.’ WarDriving came from the movie “WarGames” staring Matthew Broderick. In the movie he did what was called “wardialing”. Wardialing is to keep dialing numbers that would access a computer system’s modem until you find a modem and gain access. WarDriving is where someone can drive around in a vehicle...
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...Practical WLAN security Abstract This report covers the basics security standards in today’s wireless networks, how they work, existing flaws and vulnerability’s. We will go trough the basic architecture of 802.11, the security it provides like WEP, WPA and WPA2. Further more we will go trough some practical experiment exploiting the flaws described in the article. The result of our practical experiments show upon how easy it is to break encryptions and deploying Evil twins, even with very little understanding of the security structure. 2.1 802.11 Standards The architecture of the wireless LANs is specified by the 802.11 standard created by IEEE [1]. There are a few versions of the standard with differences in frequency and speed. Briefly these are a few of the current standards 802.11 (1997): 2.4Ghz, 2Mbps 802.11a (1999): 5Ghz, 54Mbps 802.11b (1999): 2.4Ghz, 11Mbps 802.11g (2003): 2.4Ghz, 54Mbps Even when things like speed and frequency differ, most things are the same as the original 802.11 standard. They all are using the same medium access protocol, CSMA/CS and have features for increasing range by the cost of speed. They also support the two connection modes of ad-hoc and infrastructure, but since this reports is about practical WLAN security we'll not go any further in on that and just care about the infrastructure mode. 1. Introduction Where ever you go, either it’s an workplace, coffeeshop, library or even a park there is a high chance today that...
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...Wireless Security Technical Point-of-View Wireless Security Technical Point-of-View W ireless network (Wi-Fi) is now widely established and utilized at home, offices and everywhere in public areas such as rail stations, streets, and etc. This newsletter provides the technical knowledge of Wi-Fi technologies, relevant threats and countermeasures for building a secure internal Wi-Fi network. For the end user best practices of using Wi-Fi, please refer to another newsletter entitled “Wireless Network, Best Practices for General User”. Wireless Technologies | Classification of Networks Technological advancement in wireless communications has led to the worldwide proliferation of networks. The various kinds of network technologies developed can be classified into the following categories according to their range of coverage: Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN) WWAN offers the largest coverage. Voice and data can be transferred between mobile phones via messaging apps, web pages and video conferencing. In order to secure the transfer, encryption and authentication methods are adopted. Examples of WWAN are 4G, 3G and 2G networks. Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN) MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) covers across the entire city and WMAN provides the Wi-Fi network similar to MAN. WiMAX and Wireless MAN are both examples of this kind. Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) WLAN is an 802.11i wireless network that facilitates the access of corporate environment...
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...Contents A. Introduction..............................................................................................5 1. How can I use this eBook? 2. What is a hacker 3. Hacker Hierarchy 4. What does it take to become a hacker? 5. Disclaimer B. Programming............................................................................................9 1. Do I really need it? 2. Where should I start? 3. Best way to learn C. Linux.......................................................................................................12 1. What is it? 2. Choosing a distribution 3. Running Linux 4. Learning Linux D. Passwords...............................................................................................33 1. Password Cracking 2. Phishing 3. Countermeasures 4....
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... Table of Contents A. Introduction..............................................................................................5 1. How can I use this eBook? 2. What is a hacker 3. Hacker Hierarchy 4. What does it take to become a hacker? 5. Disclaimer B. Programming............................................................................................9 1. Do I really need it? 2. Where should I start? 3. Best way to learn C. Linux.......................................................................................................12 1. What is it? 2. Choosing a distribution 3. Running Linux 4. Learning Linux D. Passwords...............................................................................................33 1. Password Cracking 2. Phishing 3. Countermeasures 4. More Programs E. Network...
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...Wireless Hacking – Haifux Wireless Hacking Edri Guy Mar 04 ,2013 See-Security Mar 04 2013 – Wireless Hacking - Haifux Wireless Hacking – Haifux DISCLAIMER 1 – The following discussion is for informational and education purpose only. 2 – Hacking into private network without the written permission from the owner is Illegal and strictly forbidden. 3 – Misused could result in breaking the law so use it at your own risk. See-Security Mar 04 2013 – Wireless Hacking - Haifux Wireless Hacking – Haifux Introduction WiFi Classes Vulnerabilities Attack Overview ● We're going to learn how WiFi (802.11) works ● Start with terminology ● Types ● Vulnerabilities ● Attacking them ● Surprise demonstration of....:) See-Security Mar 04 2013 – Wireless Hacking - Haifux Wireless Hacking – Haifux Introduction WiFi Classes Vulnerabilities Attack Terminology ● ● AP - Access Point MAC – Media Access Control a unique id assigned to wireless adapters and routers. It comes in hexadecimal format (ie 00:11:ef:22:a3:6a) See-Security Mar 04 2013 – Wireless Hacking - Haifux Wireless Hacking – Haifux Introduction WiFi Classes Vulnerabilities Attack Terminology ● ● BSSID – Access Point's MAC Address ESSID - Access Point’s Broadcast name. (ie linksys, default, belkin etc) Some AP’s will not broadcast their name,But Airodump-ng can guess it. See-Security Mar 04 2013 – Wireless...
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...Wireless Hacking – Haifux Wireless Hacking Edri Guy Mar 04 ,2013 See-Security Mar 04 2013 – Wireless Hacking - Haifux Wireless Hacking – Haifux DISCLAIMER 1 – The following discussion is for informational and education purpose only. 2 – Hacking into private network without the written permission from the owner is Illegal and strictly forbidden. 3 – Misused could result in breaking the law so use it at your own risk. See-Security Mar 04 2013 – Wireless Hacking - Haifux Wireless Hacking – Haifux Introduction WiFi Classes Vulnerabilities Attack Overview ● We're going to learn how WiFi (802.11) works ● Start with terminology ● Types ● Vulnerabilities ● Attacking them ● Surprise demonstration of....:) See-Security Mar 04 2013 – Wireless Hacking - Haifux Wireless Hacking – Haifux Introduction WiFi Classes Vulnerabilities Attack Terminology ● ● AP - Access Point MAC – Media Access Control a unique id assigned to wireless adapters and routers. It comes in hexadecimal format (ie 00:11:ef:22:a3:6a) See-Security Mar 04 2013 – Wireless Hacking - Haifux Wireless Hacking – Haifux Introduction WiFi Classes Vulnerabilities Attack Terminology ● ● BSSID – Access Point's MAC Address ESSID - Access Point’s Broadcast name. (ie linksys, default, belkin etc) Some AP’s will not broadcast their name,But Airodump-ng can guess it. See-Security Mar 04 2013 – Wireless...
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...connectivity. This created an issue with wireless laptops connected to the corporate network, it presents a situation where a hacker could sit in the parking lot and receive information through laptops and other devices, or break in using the wireless card-equipped with this wireless connectivity option. In order to test the strength of most wired and wireless networks the intrusion detection system was implemented. This is a software application that monitors the network activity for malicious activity or privacy violations. The way this works, is that the incidents get reported to a management station. The two different types of intrusion detection system are (NIDS) network based and (HIDS) Host based intrusion detection systems. The next step in security would be to assign a (IDPS) Intrusion detection and prevention system. When applied this tracks and monitors the system being used for hazardous or malicious activity. The purpose is to log and keep track of any activity that may seem like a malicious act in any way. There are plenty of ways to ensure that you have your wireless...
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...you do not fully comprehend something on this book, don‘t study this book. Please refer to the laws and acts of your state/region/ province/zone/territory or country before accessing, using, or in any other way utilizing these resources. These materials and resources are for educational and research purposes only. Do not attempt to violate the law with anything enclosed here within. If this is your intention, then leave now. Neither writer of this book, review analyzers, the publisher, nor anyone else affiliated in any way, is going to admit any responsibility for your proceedings, actions or trials. About The Author Anurag Dwivedi is a 13 year old computer geek. Who likes to find vulnerabilities Doing Hacking , Programming , editing , cracking , web designing and writing books He Wants To Be An Software Designer..!!!! Join His Blog: Computer Expert Join Him On FB: Anurag Dwivedi Greetz : Hack The Universe Computer Expert Introduction What are Hackers Hackers Hierarchy Hacking Facebook Accounts using Tabnapping Hacking FB Accounts using Keylogger 10 Security Enhancements 5 Reasons Why PC Crash Delete An undeletable File Converting Movies To Psp Format Make Your Pc Faster Hacking Yahoo Messenger Multi Login Yahoo Chat Commands...
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...Maitree Maitree was started with an objective of bringing TCS associates and their families closer and making them feel a part of the TCS extended family. Soon after, with a view to carry on the TATA tradition of enabling the community, the scope of Maitree was enhanced to include socially relevant activities and endeavors. Maitree and the TCS Community: Even while at work, you're never away from life. TCS-Maitree was established with an intention to strengthen the bond between TCS employees and their families, as well as provide a platform to encourage hidden aspirations and talents. It lends a deeper and broader dimension to the work culture at TCS. Over the years, Maitree has become a part of every TCS employee's life. From cracking quizzes to conquering tall peaks, from shaking a leg to bending it like Beckham, employees have reveled in the excitement and fun of all Maitree events. And that's not all. Workshops on theatre, yoga, origami, flower arrangement, chocolate making, and a host of others have allowed the employees to learn and know about things they always wanted to. All in all, Maitree provides everyone at TCS the opportunity to establish relationships that extend beyond work and thereby, help build bonds that makes work so much more fun. Maitree - Even beyond the TCS Community: In addition to working towards bringing our associates and their families closer, Maitree also strives to enable the development of the society. Our approach to social initiatives...
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...Asymmetric Encryption Encryption that uses two keys: if you encrypt with one you may decrypt with the other MD5 Message Digest 5. A hashing funciton used to provide integrity. MD5 uses 128 bits. A hash is simply a number created by applying the algorithm to a file or message at different times. The hashes are compared to each other to verify that integrity has been maintained. IPSec 1) Set of protocols developed to support the secure exchange of packets IPv4 and IPv6 2) Operates at a low level in the OSI model (Layer 3) 3) Transparent security protocol for applications, users, and software OSI Model 7.Application 6.Presentation 5.Session 4.Transport 3.Network 2.Data 1.Physical OSI Model Layer 3-Network Handles the logical addressing and routing of traffic. First layer implemented within the software being used, specifically the OS. white-hat hacker security experts paid to find security holes in a system Black-hat hacker takes advantage of security vulnerabilities to gain unlawful access to private networks for personal gain Gray Hat Hackers Hackers in this class are “rehabilitated” hackers or those who once were on the “dark side" but are now reformed. For obvious reasons, not all people will trust a gray-hathacker. Ex: Kevin Mitnick Script kiddie An amateur hacker you lacks sophisticated computer skills. These are usually teenagers that don't use programs to hack into computer systems, instead use tools made by skilled hackers that...
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...Ethical Hacking 1 Running head: ETHICAL HACKING: Teaching Students to Hack Ethical Hacking: Teaching Students to Hack Regina D. Hartley East Carolina University Ethical Hacking 2 Abstract One of the fastest growing areas in network security, and certainly an area that generates much discussion, is that of ethical hacking. The purpose of this study is to examine the literature regarding how private sectors and educational institutions are addressing the growing demand for ethical hacking instruction. The study will also examine the opportunity for community colleges in providing this type of instruction. The discussion will conclude with a proposed model of ethical hacking instruction that will be used to teach a course in the summer semester of 2006 through the continuing education department at Caldwell Community College and Technical Institute within the North Carolina Community College System. Ethical Hacking 3 Ethical Hacking: Teaching Students to Hack The growing dependence and importance regarding information technology present within our society is increasingly demanding that professionals find more effective solutions relating to security concerns. Individuals with unethical behaviors are finding a variety of ways of conducting activities that cause businesses and consumers much grief and vast amounts annually in damages. As information security continues to be foremost on the minds of information technology professionals, improvements in this area are critically...
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...Applications, Systems, and networksPhysical Location – buildings and rooms | What are the three elements of an Access Control System? | | Policies – RulesProcedures – nontechnical methods used to enforce policies Tools – Technical methods used to enforce policies | What are the three types of subjects when it comes to access control for specific resources? | | Authorized – presented credentials and have been approved for access Unauthorized – Don’t process the proper credentials or do not have the appropriate privileges for accessUnknown – Don’t possess any credentials at all: Don’t know if they should be given access or not | What are the three steps to the access control process? | | Identification – process of Identifying itself Authentication – verification of the subjects identity Authorization – allow or deny access to an object. | What are the principal components of Access Controls? | | Policies – who gets access to whatSubjects – User, Network, process, or applications requesting access to resources Objects – The resource to which the subject desires access | What are the basic access levels | | Administrative – ability to r,w c and deleteAuthor – r,w their own filesRead Only –...
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