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Western Classic

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Submitted By huy2305
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Analysis of Summertime by George Gershwin (from "Porgy and Bess")

My analysis based on the "Fake Book" will make mention several times to Gershwin's original harmonic structure for his song -- reasons for substitutions are based on the artist making those changes -- I will comment only slightly on that area since I do not know the mind of another artist -- however, I know how I would make sub. changes.

This analysis is “One Direction” that can be taken amongst many. Because improvisation is a vast domain of conceptual theories in application it becomes a very real probability of “many ways” to envision and “see” an analysis

FORM:
A - B - A - C
Thematic development occurs four times in 4 bar motifs (each section) equaling 16 bars to complete the strain. The entire form is repeated to produce a 32 bar complete form which consists of A - B - A - C + A - B - A - C=32 bars.

KEY:
1) Am. A natural minor is the best starting place with no sharps or flats.
Note: Although the V7 (E7) appears in the key of A Harmonic Minor, the fact of the major 7th degree (G#) does not agree with the use of i7 (Am7) in bar 1. For this, and numerous other shared "tonality" purposes and reasons we will establish the key of A Natural minor.

The introduction of the first V7 (Dom 7th) chord (E7) in bar 2 is derived from the secondary dominant of A major tonality (more on this as we progress).

2) The song moves in A minor and for a short moment in bars

TONALITY:
The major melodic devise Gershwin employed was Pentatonic Minor: A-C-D-E-G. This is what gives the song that "Bluesy" or folk sound

In many charts of Summertime we see today there have been added either "rhythm" chords (for a rhythm section) or substitution chords. My main focus will be on the harmonic structure underlining the melody.

Pick-Up Measure:
E7#5 = The 2 melody notes of E - C - begin the pentatonic

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