...The Industrial Revolution The term Industrial Revolution refers to the social and economic changes that led to the transition from an agricultural and commercial society to a modern industrial one. This revolution relied on machinery instead of basic tools. This happened in Great Britain in the middle of the 18th century until the middle of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution spread to other parts of Europe as well as other parts of the world. The period of explorations from the 14th to the 16th centuries helped in laying the foundations for the Industrial Revolution. Because of the explorations and subsequently colonialism, gold and silver from the New World flooded Europe. Prices of commodities rose, industries bloomed and a money-based economy fully developed. The expansion of trade and the economy based on money led to the creation of financial and lending institutions. Thus, the necessary factors for the emergence of an Industrial Revolution had already been established in the 15thcentury. The term Industrial revolution does not imply that changes happened only in the industry. In fact, the rise in the number of factories, the economic changes and the new inventions in science all had a great impact in the lives of the people in Europe and even the whole world. THE RISE OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN GREAT BRITAIN From the 18th to the 19th centuries, Great Britain was the leading force in industry. It had large deposits of coal and iron. Because...
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...The Industrial Revolution started around 1750. It began in Britain and it spread throughout the World. England was known as “the world’s workshop” because at that point in time, England was the major manufacturing center of the World. It took about ten years for the Industrial Revolution to spread to other places. It spread to America. The Industrial Revolution was favorable to the American colonies by bringing the factory system to America, supplying more employment which increased urban growth, and raising the national economy. Americans developed and profited from a variety of inventions that produced goods and materials faster and cheaper. The Industrial Revolution was an ongoing effort over many decades to increase production by using machines rather than the power of humans or animals. Groups of spinners and weavers gradually began working together in buildings known as mills, usually located on a stream or river, using the power of flowing water to run their tools. The British inventions took an immense impact on the American Industrial Revolution. Inventions like the spinning jenny, the water frame, and the power loom helped mechanize the processes of spinning and weaving cloth. An invention that played an important part in the revolution was the steam engine. The creation of the steam engine was credited to James Watt. James Watt developed the first practical steam engine in Britain between 1765 and 1785. The steam engine made it possible to pump water out...
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...What exactly defines an industrial revolution? The industrial revolution that took started in England around the 1750’s and lasted until the 1870’s had a significant impact on the American colonies in several different ways. Even as the colonies were beginning to establish themselves across the ocean from England, they were sure to be affected by increases in the demand for more agricultural exports caused by the changes taking place in their parent country. This Industrial Revolution led to innovations in machinery, steam engines, “lathes for shaping wood, jennies and looms for spinning and weaving textiles, and hammers for forging iron” (A. 120). These advances led to increases in production of textiles and chinaware and other goods. A major downside was that as these machines increased productivity, the factories would make workers try and keep up with the machines thus making them work long hours in dangerous environments. Parliament then enacted a series of acts called the “Enclosure Acts”, which essentially forced any landowner to fence or “enclose” their grazing land at their own expense or be taken over by the government. This forced many poor farmers to have to work in these factories along with their wives and children in order to survive. The colonies at this point in time were able to export tobacco, rice and wheat to England to have it manufactured since they did not have many manufacturing capabilities themselves. They were essentially being supported solely by...
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...The first revolution sparked the beginning of farming. This era was from 10,000 B.C. to 3000 B.C. During this era people began to raise livestock and began to farm. They became tied to the land and became to rely on their crops and the growth of them.This caused for permanent settlements and stopped people from roaming and grazing. This settlement, led to the development of job specialization, complex political structures, non-portable possessions, architecture, and the rise of industry and commerce. The second agricultural revolution went along with the industrial revolution. This revolution happened from 1700 to 1900. The industrial revolution was a time of new machines and factories. It was the started of out of home production. The second...
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...During the industrial revolution, the textile industry was a vast market of economic prosperity and technological innovation. Friedel even quotes it as being “the most important trade in England” (Friedel, p. 213). But why was it this particular industry that thrived and flourished? Both the lecture and course readings seem to point at the fact that it catered to the already materialistic society. This essay will address points of interest from the lecture regarding the industrial revolution. It will also expand upon Friedel’s view of the textile industry as being a staple industry and the beginning of factory production. Finally, I will share my own view of the industrial revolution as well. The scene during the industrial revolution should have been one of sadness and turmoil. The rapid population growth that was happening at the time, coupled with the limited resources in England should have caused utter catastrophe. Instead, economic prosperity of unprecedented proportions resulted, making England the richest country per capita that the world had ever seen. This could in part be attributed to a change from an “organic economy” to a “mineral economy”. Instead of relying on the surface of the land, there was a shift towards using minerals to support the economy. This caused a great increase in industry and factory production. There was also a reliance on new resources (such as sugar, timber, furs, cotton, and coal), labour forces (growing population, Irish immigrants, women...
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...There are many positives from the Industrial Revolution. One positive is that in coal mines anyone could work from adults to children, this is a positive because there was an increase in workers that helped more work get done but also helped more families make more money. Another positive is that railways were invented, this is positive because many people who worked could not get to town but this helped because this is how they got to work and this was an easier way to transport goods like cotton. One last positive is that they discovered more medicines to cure disease, this is a positive because back during the Industrial Revolution there was many sicknesses and no cures that would kill people and now that there are cures the population will...
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...The Industrial Revolution was a time of prosperity and improvements. During this time, which was the 19th century in England and 20th century in the U.S, many factories sprung up and many people moved to the cities in search of jobs. Almost everyone was working in factories during this time because that’s the jobs that were needed. Working conditions were horrible, as many workers were crammed into a small workspace where many accidents occurred. This led to lots of injuries and deaths. The Industrial Revolution started because most countries were advancing in technology and were in need of lots of goods. During the Industrial Revolution, working conditions were terrible for workers because owners only wanted money. Industrialization caused...
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...world has suffered from extreme weather events caused by global warming. The Earth's average temperature raised an average of 1 degree Fahrenheit over the past 50 years (Which of These is Not Causing Global Warming Today – written by Sharon Begley and Andrew Murr). The rise of the temperature goes hand in hand with the rise of the Industrial revolution. The climate has changed drastically over the years with the rise of our production of buildings, automobiles, expressways, etc. Scientists have reproduced the effects of carbon dioxide alone, and found that the temperature is going to rise much more than originally anticipated. Earth is indeed getting warmer, and we are at fault. Over the years we have conducted research on the global climate changes taking place worldwide. We have suffered both as a nation, and as a world due to these climatic changes taking place. It has been up in the air about what the real cause in what is speeding the process up. We have suffered from the severe weather changes all around the world and nobody knows why. According to a Newsweek Article Vol 150 Issue 2 titled, “Which of These Is Not Causing Global Warming Today?” written by Sharon Begley and Andrew Murr on July 2007, “600 climate scientists from 40 countries reported in Feb 2007 that there was, for the first time, “unequivocal “evidence that the world is warming and greater than 90 percent certainty that man-made greenhouse gases have caused most of the warming since 1950.” Also in this...
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...First Industrial Revolution Kathryn Nicole Lindsey Western Governors University The Industrial Revolution started in England in the late eighteenth century when company men used the power of the streams nearby to help power the factories. Everything use to be handmade before this. Suddenly mills and factories were producing textiles faster than ever with the help of machines. The Industrial Revolution secret soon left England because a young man named Samuel Slater, who stole the technology by remembering the plans for the mills. Slater stowed away onboard a ship and brought America the Industrial Revolution. Slater was then known as the “Father of the Industrial Revolution” which is funny because he actually stole the plans. With the mill and factories growing and expanding at a great speed they were able to add other products to the line such as everyday things like furniture. By the end of the nineteenth century American farmers started moving into the cities were they worked in the factories. The farming industry was not making a lot of money at the time so the families would send their children especially daughter to work in the mills and factories so that they could send money home to help the farm. America then turned from being an agriculture society to an urban society in no time. The largest novelty of the Industrial Revolution was the assembly line which helped make products a lot faster than before. This allowed for prices to drop but also...
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...Final Exam 1. What impact did the American Revolution have on Europe? The American Revolution impacted Europe in certain ways. The most obvious would be Great Britain declaring war on the Americans due to their attempt at seceding and being their own nation. However, there were other countries involved in the American Revolutionary War as well, especially France. France wanted to aid the Americans for the reason of getting back what was taken from them by the British in 1763. At first, they sent the Americans weaponry, and the first significant victory by the Americans (The Battle of Saratoga) was won primarily using French weapons. Seeing that the Americans were able to win a major battle, the French became formal allies with them and declared war on Great Britain. Eventually, Spain and Holland also sided against the British, which turned the tide of the war to America’s favor (Lewis 381). With the surrender of Lord Cornwallis in 1781, and the Treaty of Paris signed two years later (which recognized the United States as a sovereign nation) , France was given back Quebec and America became their new trade partner and ally. However, despite the war’s successful outcome, France was under overwhelming debt, which forced the monarchy to place a permanent tax throughout the land for all subjects in 1786. This was the beginning of the end of the “Old Regime”, eventually leading to the French Revolution, which was (ironically) inspired by the American Revolution (381, 385). ...
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...the world. The French and the Industrial revolution are two very most important events in history. The French revolution brought attention to social and economic problems they were facing, bringing awareness to the idea of liberty, equality and fraternity. Which lead them to question their king and his allegiance to his people. As for the Industrial revolution it became know as one of the most historical movements in history; shift on technology happened and manual labor became a thing of the past. These two revolutions caused change in their traditional values, and in government. Since the Middle Ages Europe was divided into three estates. The first estates consisted of clergy’s and priests; they represented over 5% of the population and did not pay taxes. The...
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...Unit 6: The Industrial Revolution, ca. 1780-1850 Chapters 22 (McKay) Study Guide Directions: Part I of the study guide will not be assessed as part of the Study Guide grade; however, it is a crucial component of the Course Notebook grade. You are required to provide a 2-3 sentence identification of each term that appears below. This identification should include a basic definition of the term (who, what, where, when) and also a statement of significance (So what?). After each unit, you should print these terms and place them in your Course Notebook. At times, I will ask you to bring these notebooks to class so that I can check your progress in this matter. Part I Identifying Key Terms Notable People Thomas Malthus David Ricardo Andrew Ure Henry Cort James Hargreaves (spinning jenny) Richard Arkwright (water frame) Robert Owen James Watt (steam engine) Friedrich List George Stephenson Friedrich Engels Terms and Events Industrial Revolution Great Exhibition of 1851 Chartist movement Capital Capitalism Luddites Protective tariff Trade union Mass production Domestic system Separate spheres Zollverein Factory Act of 1833 Combination Acts Parish Apprentices Grand National Consolidated Trades Union Craft union Economic nationalism Class-consciousness Mines Act of 1842 Urbanization Part II Review Questions Directions: Check your understanding of this chapter by answering the following questions in about four-five well written and effective...
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...Use Eric Hobsbawm’s views to examine the period of industrialisation in Britain from 1700-1850. Construct an illustrated and annotated timeline of the period. scenes from the industrial era Scenes from the industrial era n.d, n.p Available at[ Accessed on: 1st November 2015] Prior to the industrialisation life in Britain was very different to what you would have seen in the industrial revolution. From 1700 to 1850 a lot of changes had taken place. Many factories were built many inventions and changes had been made during that time. ” Steam power played a large part in the Industrial Revolution, and without it Industrialisation would have been impossible” Smith (2009, P.20) Thomas Savery patented the first steam engine in 1698. However...
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...Second Industrial Revolution Second Industrial Revolution Solomon Camacho October 17, 2012 M.S 45 Class: 801 People out there better appreciate their average paycheck! Back then people worked more than 13 hours a day and got paid in the range of 20-40 dollars. That’s poor in America today. My parents get paid 2,000 dollars every 2 weeks. Do you see the difference? I feel bad because the immigrant kids would be right there working with their parents in factories that were hot and nasty! People had horrible working conditions and were being abused of their rights. What I don’t understand is that immigrants came to America for freedom! The Second Industrial Revolution gave them a chance to work but they were better of in their original country that they came from. I’m just glad that our community changed from the 1800’s till now because people got what they deserve. That’s how you run a good country and America wasn’t representing that back then. I guess immigrants realized that the reality was that America wasn’t a piece of fresh pie. The Second Industrial Revolution caused child labor, deaths, the way we have our food and more. That’s why I believe that this negative effects to the country. I feel angry when I hear that people around the 1800-1900’s had to work in such horrible working conditions. If you’re working in places that ha0ve hot muggy air, chemicals all around, and no type of cleanliness then why work? Workers were...
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...Napoleon, after the French Revolution ends, takes power of the French state and becomes emperor of France. The people are fine with this because Napoleon is conquering many foreign lands across Europe and even many other parts of the world. He becomes too powerful in his quest for world domination, and the French and many other countries do not like the amount of power this one man has. Also, before this time Oliver Cromwell had deemed himself “consul for life” of England, and that also upset the people, and the others feel as if Napoleon is becoming like Cromwell maybe even worse. The people decided and feel that the absolute power of one man creates problems for everyone including the nobility and clergy. As a result, the Congress of Vienna is formed, consisting of many countries in Europe, they are created to make sure that in the future not one single monarch or country can control more than they should. Also, the people overthrew The Directory, because it was a strong dictatorship and failed at efforts to establish stable representative government. The Enlightenment ideas were tested and proved to be hazardous for the French, and that is what overall caused the challenging of these...
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