...terminology I learned for the reading, how will the terminology and knowledge apply to a career in criminal justice, how can the knowing proper terminology affect me as I conduct criminal justice research and how will knowing these terms be an asset to me when evaluating and analyzing research studies. Terminology I learned from reading I will include terms for chapter one and chapter two. I will define what the terms I learned mean and how I perceived them. I will define the terms that I learned from chapter one first. There were many terms that was new to me that I have never heard before, however, I will only define three terms form chapter one. The first word I will define is “Historicism,” which means a theory that events are determined or influenced by conditions and inherent processes beyond the control of humans (thefreedictictionary, 2012). My belief of this meaning is that something takes place out of the human control such as ghost or the supernatural. The second word is “Scientism,” which means, the belief that the assumptions, methods of research, of the physical and biological sciences are equally appropriate and essential to all other disciplines, including the humanities and the social sciences (dictionary.reference, 2012). My belief of this meaning is research and sciences are important they are equally needed. The final word is “Verstehen,” which means an intuitive doctrine or method of interpreting human culture in its subjective motivational and valuation...
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...Social Justice and the Bible While it appears one is compassionate when this term of “social justice” is used we now know where it comes from. You find neither the term nor the principle in the Bible; nor in the US Constitution. There are liberal/progressive Christians that claim “social justice” is part of the gospel. We are not commissioned to transform society and make sure everything is equal. We are called to rehabilitate sinners by the power of God, not government. The gospel is the cure for sin and it has absolutely nothing to do with “social justice.” The Bible speaks a lot on work and laziness. We have all heard the story - if you give a person a fish he will be fed today, but if you teach him to fish he will be able to feed himself and his family everyday. Giving people the tools to grow and be productive is better than having them become dependent on government for their sustenance. When Pres. Bush introduced the faith based initiative many felt religion would intrude on them and they were appalled. The Administrations “faith base initiative” was to be a partnership with many religions to help reform “communities.” Recently Pres. Obama has given a new and stronger influence to faith based initiative. All of a sudden religion with government is permissible and nothing is being said because it advances the socialist agenda. Its all about the green, both the environment and money. The environmental movement is being synthesized inside the church. There are faith based...
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...very helpful in welcoming us to the neighbourhood, He has offered and done some work around the house and garden. I have been aware that he and his family are finding it particularly difficult in making ends meet, due to the fall in the price of milk. We recently had a conversation where the farmer has confided in me saying he has plans to sell some of his dairy herd. After further questioning, the farmer admits to use the money from the sale to convert one of his barns into accommodation suitable for the intensive rearing of chickens, this is where I am faced with an issue of ethics. The farmer plans on applying for a loan from the co-op bank of which I am a member, and saying that he intends to purchase solar panels with the loan. However, he intends to use all the money from the loan to buy a flock of chickens. Being a member of the Co-op and currently seeking to be a part of the Co-op council, I am faced with a dilema. In this case study I will be discussing and evaluating three different ethical theories to help make a final decision as to what is the best solution to this problem. I will be using ethical egoism, utilitarianism and ethics of right and justice. Ethical Egoism Ethical egoism – act in the best interest of yourself, provided you act within the law of the land. "By the grace of reality and the nature of life, man -- every man -- is an end in himself, he exists for his own sake, and the achievement of his own happiness is his highest moral purpose" Pojman...
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...Personal Views on Justice and Ethics What influences the decisions we make? What foundation do we set to govern our choices? These questions surface when looking at the impact personal views have on the decisions made in our society. Many people find that their personal views are formed at an early age and shaped by environment. Views of justice and injustice are individualized across the human population, however there is usually a common, shared idea of justice at a community setting. For example, cultural groups may share a common view towards criminal punishment. It is through these shared ideas that our personal views start to develop with a base. It then becomes a personal journey to expand on this base and to form individualized and critical views on what is believed to be justice, injustice, right, or wrong. My views have been shaped mainly on environmental aspects, which include: family, upbringing, social class, religious affiliation, education, social norms of my generation, and taking bits and pieces of other views from those who I respect. As with many others, my personal views of justice started to develop at an early age with my family and environment. Family plays such a vital role in forming an individual in numerous aspects, especially from a psychological point of view. In fact, psychologist Erik Erikson formulated his psychosocial theory and stages on the conflicts a person experiences in his or her environment and its influences on human development. Keeping...
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...like an ethical dilemma. Comprehending what these mean would benefit one in maintain an ethical life. This paper will discuss the five ethical principles, what I understood easiest, and which were harder to grasp. Integrity is defined by Cox, La Caze and Levine (2013) as “following high standards of honesty, justice, and fairness, and avoiding opportunities that would violate your completeness or wholeness” (para. 3). I personally believe this to be an accurate representation of integrity, at least moral integrity. Breaking down the definitions of each standard is where it became a bit confusing for me. Plante (2004) notes that one must tell the truth to be honest. Plante goes on to state that it is possible to tell the truth while simultaneously misleading another person. The latter confused me until I reread the text. I see how ones attempt at their own selfish gains would cause...
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...How does Singer attempt to justify our obligation to help distant others in need? Does he succeed? Peter Singer is one of the most influential philosophers of the 20th century and this has to do with his ideas on poverty, animal rights, abortions and euthanasia. This question is about aid from wealthy countries to poorer ones and therefore is concentrating on his views on poverty and generally, global justice. I will start by outlining what Peter Singer says about helping others in need in far off countries and how he justifies the points he makes. I will then comment on whether I believe this to be a persuasive argument and will critique and support what he believes with my own opinions and justifications. This question is about global justice, which is the allocation of advantages and disadvantages between governments/states or between individuals of different countries. Therefore, global justice is not something that individuals worry about and the governments do not. Nor is it something that governments strive for but the individual does not value. They should be both working towards the same goal and this is where global justice theorists like Singer have their say. Singer in the article Famine, Affluence and Morality (1972) says that “Suffering and death from lack of food, shelter and medical care are bad” (p. 231) which I think and he thinks that you can take as a granted assumption. No one wants people to suffer from lack of basic amenities like that when most people...
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...and warmth of life remain to us”. General John A. Logan What does God require of us? * Read Micah 6:1-8 * Context for the book of Micah * Micah was a prophet during the period of approximately 742-687 A.D. * Contemporaries were the prophets Isaiah and Hosea * * According to commentaries, Micah emphasized the need for justice and peace. Throughout the book are prophecies about Jesus as the Messiah; He will be Israel’s King and ruler acting with mercy toward them. Micah emphasizes God’s hatred of * Unkindness * Idolatry * Injustice * Empty ritual * Micah wrote to warn of God’s judgment and to offer God’s mercy for those who would repent * Key Verse: 6:8 “He has showed you, O man, what is good. And what does the Lord require of you? To act justly and to love mercy and to walk humbly with your God. * Compelling words and beautiful concepts, but it is more than that: * The prophet, inspired by God, poses a rhetorical question: * A figure of speech that is posed in the form of a question; the answer is either obvious or made immediately by the one posing the question * WHAT DOES THE LORD REQUIRE OF YOU? OF ME? * Act justly * Love mercy * Walk humbly with God What do these concepts, these principles, mean? Act justly (Seek justice) * The meaning of justice...
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...Most people are not able to achieve justice, simply because they lack the audacity to. In Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird, justice is a concept that is seldom sought after. The novel takes place in the town of Maycomb, Alabama, a prejudiced society where African Americans are oppressed by its white civilians. The novel is narrated by Scout Finch, a young girl who is deprived of her innocence as she comes into contact with the racial injustice in her town. Scout’s father, Atticus Finch, is a lawyer who opposes the bigoted views of Maycomb. Atticus values the equality of every human being, including African-Americans, a group that is heavily despised by the majority of Maycomb. Throughout the novel, Finch repeatedly demonstrates justice by sticking to his moral beliefs. For...
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...was given the assignment to write an essay style paper on anything we went over in this social work class I reviewed the notes to decide what I would like to write about. I was not sure, since we covered so much in this class and I have learned a lot about Social Work from the history of social work to how the profession is today and all the different fields that a Social Worker might work in today. However I ultimately decided to write about the area of Social work that interests me the most. It is also something that I feel I have had some experience in working with. So I chose to write about the concept of Social Justice and the social worker. So let’s first take a look at the definition of Social Justice in chapter 4 of our book it defines Social Justice. However I would like to sum it up in my own words Justice simply stated means fairness and equality. So that everyone has the same opportunities for empowerment. I do not want to be the type of Social worker who is here to fix people or take care of other people. I am not interested in being someone’s babysitter or care giver. I do think it is part of the job of a good Social worker to advocate on behalf of others when we see injustices present, not to fight for the individual with an issue of injustice but rather to fight alongside of them. This is why I like the idea of Social Justice the idea of empowering others to make the changes they need in their own lives and how to work not only each individual person but on changes...
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...Philosophy Paper Sally Margarit Sep, 27th 2014 What is Justice? How do we know what justice is? This has been the question that we have essentially been discussing throughout all of our classes this semester. The idea that the normalities of society are the pillars for what defines what is right and what is just, is one argument that in most cases holds true. As children in our culture, we are all taught a very generic set of rules. At a very young age we learn not to harm others, steal, lie, or cheat. As children we cultivate this idea of criminals as bad people, who have somehow broken the moral code that society has so easily instilled in us as youth. However, despite society's moral code, I believe that the notion of morality, justice, and what is right is something that is personal, as well as societal and permanent as well as circumstantial. I believe that true justice considers all of these aspects. "Integrity, institutions, and laws are the most precious possessions of man kind" Plato 49d G.M.A. Grube. Throughout history, laws have been put in place, to tell us what is right and wrong and to punish us when we commit an unjust act. Modern society acts as one large institution that creates the accepted idea of justice and morality. Socrates argues that these pillars put in place by society are of exceptional value. It seems that Socrates has more than just a respect for justice as defined by the law, but he so reveres it that he is willing to give up...
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...Jean Leon Iragena Dr. MacMaster IDST 1128-02 Spring Project March 24, 2011 The Truth behind Free Will: Luther vs. Erasmus The notion of free will is one of the most complex notions to define and to understand; it is defined differently according to one’s interpretation of the scriptures, especially the Bible. Both Martin Luther and Desiderius Erasmus, influenced by their faith and beliefs, write respectively against and for free will. Both try to adequately answer the questions: Does man have free will? If yes, why and how? If not, how? Possible answers to these questions given by both authors and some scholars who write against or for each one of these opponents’ arguments highlight, especially, the differences in the conception of man’s free will. Luther and his supporters view free will as an imaginary or impossible and dangerous thing to have; Erasmus and his supporters defend that the existence of man’s free will is irrefutable for it is in human nature itself as the Bible says it. In spite of some of Luther’s good ideas that prove man’s absence of free will and Erasmus’ excellent interpretation of the Bible, neither of them fully responds to the human yearning of knowing the concept of free will. After a thorough and wise analysis of the defense and abnegation of man’s free will of these authors, I find it impossible to fully deny or prove the existence of man’s free will. It is important to take into...
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...Business 560 Worldview Questions" . To what extent should personal religious beliefs impact our decisions about business ethics? My personal view on how much impact should my believes influence my business, or whatever decision I make is that it should be fully Involved. My decisions that I make should constantly reflect in what I claim to believe in. To what extent do your personal religious (or non-religious) beliefs about life impact your sense of business ethics and personal decision-making? Again my personal view about my beliefs in life should be fully involve to where it is the foundation of business ethics, and decision making. Those things need to reflect in what I claim to believe in. 2. Does it seem odd to connect every belief we have about life back to what we believe about God? To me it does not seem odd to connect what I believe in with life, because knowing who the author of life allows me to connect my believes with life. Questions from article, What is a Worldview, and Why Is It Important To Me? 3. Has your answers to either of the first two questions changed after reading Article 1?My answers have not change from reading article I, because I do know understand my worldview. It has been influence through my own personal reading of scripture, that's the blueprint of my life, so I can see the meaning of the laws that make society. Referring to the meaning of the law means referring to its origins. Thats why this article...
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...and allow us to better understand Him. The incommunicable attributes that I see most in God are His eternity and His omnipresence. When I think of these attributes and God, I feel that I can better comprehend God. By using eternity and omnipresence to get to know God better, I can have a better faith in knowing that He is always with me and He will never leave me. When talking about a God that is eternal, you must understand that means that God had no beginning and will have no end. To explain God’s eternity Grudem states, “To be “infinite” is to unlimited, and this doctrine teaches that time does not limit God or change him in any way.” If God is infinite then time, as it does to humans on earth, does not apply to Him. We see a day as one rotation of the earth and a year as one rotation around the sun, which is defiantly not how God sees time pass. God, on the other hand, can see any point in time as He sees fit. God knows exactly what is taking place and with his omnipresence can know exactly what needs to be done. Omnipresence is a concept that has baffled many people, myself included. Grudem explains it as, “God does not have size or spatial dimensions, and is present at every point of space with his whole being, yet God acts differently in different places.”...
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... | |A Requirement for Paul Amerigo Pajo’s IT-Ethic Class | |De La Salle – College of Saint Benilde | Abstract This book is a consolidated collection of opinions on the Ethical Theories, a chapter from a book assigned to the students of IT-Ethic Section O0B, advised by Mr. Paul Amerigo Pajo. Works written by James Rachels, John Arthur, Friedrich Nietzche and the like are studied and analyzed and some are criticized by the author of this book. Dedication I dedicate this book to the following: My dearest family, who always believes in me; My sweetest friends, who never fails to keep me sane in this crazy world; Lastly, I dedicate this book to the Almighty Father, for everything else is nothing without You. Chapter I Egoism and Moral Scepticism James Rachels Amazon Reference: http://www.amazon.com/Contemporary-Moral-Problems-James-White/dp/0495553204/ref=pd_bbs_sr_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1235694270&sr=8-1 Quote: But suppose we were to concede, for the sake of the argument, that all voluntary action is motivated by the agent’s wants, or at least that Smith is so motivated. Even if this were granted, it would not follow that...
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...Twelve Angry Men by Reginald Rose Structure, Language and Genre Structure • Twelve Angry Men follows a two-act structure, with the action running continuously rather than being broken into scenes. The second acts takes up exactly where the first left off – there is no change in chronology. • With no scene divisions, the progress of the play can be measured by the votes which take place, functioning as a kind of pulse, reminding the audience where the jury’s opinion stands on the defendant’s conviction. These moments serve as markers for the audience on the journey through the play, helping to structure the action. • The play follows the three classical unities of theatre derived from Aristotle: - Unity of action: there should be only one central plot (the jury’s deliberations and decisions). - Unity of time: In real and continuous time where there are no shifts in chronology (no breaks in play). - Unity of place: Action occurs in only one single location (the jury room). • Allows the audience to feel very close to characters, their relationships and the conflict and challenges with which they are faced in deciding the defendant’s fate. • Intensifies sense of realism and is particularly effective because of the claustrophobic nature of the setting. Language • Rose’s characters use naturalistic, everyday language appropriate to the times and for the audience. • Heightened poetic or symbolic language is rarely used, instead speaking in concrete terms about the...
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