...This essay will analyse key issues between companies and stakeholders and how corporate social responsibility has been accepted worldwide but it is not clear which companies or government companies behave in a social responsible manner. The relationship between companies and stakeholders is key ingredient in the success of any organisation. Making managerial decisions upon different circumstances is more difficult because the existence of different ethical approaches. A stakeholder is an individual or a group of individuals that affect or can be affected by corporate activity. Stakeholders are often loose grouping of factors that may be brought together and stirred into action by some specific circumstances as an example Shell and the kidnappings in Nigeria where militant groups have been kidnapping workers from oil companies in exchange of jobs. The key issue in this case is poverty and the lack of jobs in the region. Individuals who have been affected by this phenomenon created groups against the government policies and how the country is run. This stakeholder (militant groups) argue that the distribution of revenue from oil related activities is not fair, in the other hand the money made is been used to develop other part of the country while the area where the oil is exploited remains in poverty. Oil extraction activities are highly pollutant; it has affected the lives of fisherman and farmers. GlaxoSmithKline and Developing Country Access to Essential Medicines is...
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...Justin Mahoney February 7, 2012 Marcella Gamallo Essay #1 Monster Corporation Forbes Magazine, the leading source of reliable business news and financial information develops an annual list of the world’s billionaires and lo and behold who has four members of its’ family in the top twenty of the richest people on the planet? The wealthiest family on earth, the Walton’s, whom control the world’s largest revenue public corporation, Wal-Mart (The World’s Billionaires). The American multinational retail corporation manages chains of large discount department stores. The corporation is also the world’s largest private employer with approximately 2.2 million employees; the company’s employee roll exceeds the population of over 50 countries in the world including Qatar, Trinidad and Tobago, Iceland and Suriname. Walmart is essentially the largest retailer in the entire world. The company, which is controlled by the Walton family who own a 48% stake, have been bashed in the media time and time again for “failing America.” Applause must be given to the Mega Corporation, they came from being just one department store to a multi-billion dollar corporation however, the treatment of Wal-Mart’s employees and the greediness of Wal-Mart’s owners combine to make it a monster corporation with negative effects on both individuals and competing companies. To be reasonable, we must touch on the benevolence of Wal-Mart because to be...
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...ETHICAL CHALLENGES FOR BUSINESS IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM: CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND MODELS OF MANAGEMENT MORALITY Archie B. Carroll Abstract: As we transition to the 21 s« century, it is useful to think about some of the most impor tant challenges b u s i n e s s and other organizations will face as the new millennium begins. What will constitute "business as usualI" in the business ethics arena as we start andiiiuvc iniu intonew i^eiiiuiyr iviy uvciaii iiiijugiii I3 tiioi wethought is that we will move me the new iry? My overall win aiiu pulsate into the future on our current trajectory and that the new century will not cause cataclysmic changes, at least not immediately. Rather, the problems and challenges we face now we will face then. Undoubtedly, new issues will arise but they will more likely be extensions of the present than discontinuities with the past. A s we transition to the 21*' century, it is useful to think about some of the most important challenges business and other organizations will face as the new millennium begins. As I write this essay, the public seems to be more concerned with the Y2K problem and whether their computers will keep working, their power will stay on, their investments will be secure, there will be food in the pantry, airplanes will still fly, and that life as we know it will continue as usual. Optimistically, by the time this is published we will all look back and conclude that technology is amazing...
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...HICHAM ZAIDI History 202 900041277 Essay I The late nineteenth century was the transition phase of the history of the US. Everything started with second industrial revolution (1850’s). It led to major developments like easier communication and transportation, and vast technological and scientific advancements. Big industries and factories arose, altering life styles… America became the attractive spot for all immigrants for its seeming endless new opportunities. People from all over the world, from all the different cultures came to the US to form what we called the “Salad Bowl”. Often these cultures were antagonistic to one another. Communities were formed and each one strictly reserved on itself to conserve itself, but they were to face new social “phenomena” that contradicted their beliefs and customs. Those new social trends were born from industrialisation, being a necessity to its functioning, but disoriented people from their traditional vision, of life in general. They, thus, sought justification to their altered social behaviours due to new living conditions. The post-industrial period, was as a historian calls it: the era representing a “SEARCH FOR ORDER”. It was distinctively manifested professionally and intellectually. The contributions brought, by industrialisation, to the transportation and communication patterns were such...
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...Lloyd Wyse Melissa Hull EN 209-014 April 18, 2012 Critical Essay: Civil Disobedience Civil disobedience is the active refusal to comply with certain laws or demands of a government, such as paying fines or taxes. Although it is not necessarily on-violent, it has classically been attributed to nonviolent resistance. The etymological origin of the term is from Henry David Thoreau’s essay Resistance to Government, written in 1849, which was eventually renamed to Essay on Civil Disobedience. Since its republication in 1866, Thoreau’s essay has inspired many important activists over the course of history. Its messages have resonated within countless people unsatisfied or disgusted with the law of the land; one of the most prominent lessons it teaches is that an unjust government can only be corrected by the defiance of its people. As long as there is an imperfect government, there will be a need for civil disobedience. Citizens of nations from all over the globe still read and learn from Civil Disobedience because even in modern times a perfect government does not exist. In Civil Disobedience, Thoreau prompts the reader to take direct action against injustice. He argues that the government is a representative of corruption and injustice that, like a machine, fuels the enabling of its wrongdoings through enforcement of law. He states that an individual’s silent compliance with the law is essentially the same as cooperation with injustices that the lawmaker commits. In particular...
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...Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has be become increasing relevant to businesses within the 21st century. In the 1820s in the industrial revolution efficiency was key, creating the most amount of resources in the cheapest and quickest way possible. However, since the coining of social responsibility in the 1950's there as been an increased emphasis on philanthropy . Now businesses have to show more effort to improve society or in reality, tell us that they are trying to make things better. In this essay I will be discussing whether the inclusion of CSR to businesses is a opportunity or a constraint on marketers. Shell Global are a self proclaimed “safe, efficient, responsible and profitable business”, they work to share benefits with the communities in which they work. Nonetheless following recent news surrounding there partnership with LEGO it is possible to see how CSR is a constraint for marketers. Visually, Shell show themselves to have an extremely ethical ethos however, as being ethically sound is almost an essential marketing trait for multinational companies, it is hard for marketers in certain industries such as oil, to show how they are being ethically sound but are forced in to marketing there companies as being so, so they do not risk losing market share. Although Shell say they are trying to improve our society they are actually “recklessly threatening the fragile Arctic ecosystem”. (TIMOTHY MCGRATH, 2014) This not only shows how recent emphasis on CSR has...
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...Bibliographic Essay on African American History Introduction In the essay “On the Evolution of Scholarship in Afro- American History” the eminent historian John Hope Franklin declared “Every generation has the opportunity to write its own history, and indeed it is obliged to do so.”1 The social and political revolutions of 1960s have made fulfilling such a responsibility less daunting than ever. Invaluable references, including Darlene Clark Hine, ed. Black Women in America: An Historical Encyclopedia 2nd ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2004); Evelyn Brooks Higgingbotham, ed., Harvard Guide to African American History (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2001); Arvarh E. Strickland and Robert E. Weems, Jr., eds., The African American Experience: An Historiographical and Bibliographical Guide (Westport: Greenwood Press, 2001); and Randall M. Miller and John David Smith, eds., Dictionary of Afro- American Slavery (Westport: Greenwood Press, 1988), provide informative narratives along with expansive bibliographies. General texts covering major historical events with attention to chronology include John Hope Franklin and Alfred A. Moss, Jr., From Slavery to Freedom: A History of African Americans (Boston: McGraw Hill, 2000), considered a classic; along with Joe William Trotter, Jr., The African American 1  Experience (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2001); and, Darlene Clark Hine, William C. Hine, and Stanley Harrold, The...
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...Sunnie Merritt English102 (online) Expository Essay July 29, 2010 Confusion Over the US Health Reform Bill The latest poll out today from the Kaiser Family Foundation, a nonpartisan health-care-policy research organization, says only 27 percent of the public has been following the 2010 health reform debate closely. Despite this, more than half (56 percent) of Americans think health reform is more important than ever. Very smart people are zoning out of the health care reform debate because they think it’s just too complicated. The complexities of US health reform are a problem, because American citizens and politicians cannot make good decisions about an issue they do not clearly understand or have been misinformed. Defining the goals of reform is relatively easy. Implementing them is tough and that’s where people are made to feel stupid - partly by special interest groups who intentionally or unintentionally confuse the debate. According to John Lapook in an article posted on CBS News.com, at least one senator admits he has no intention of reading it. "I don't expect to actually read the legislative language because . . . the legislative language is among the more confusing things I've ever read in my life," Sen. Thomas Carper (D-Del.) quotes to online news service in the article. Carper told CBSnews.com that the bill was "incomprehensible" and "hard stuff to understand. Carper stated he doubts his fellow members of the Senate Finance Committee will read their handiwork...
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...Should marketers be responsible for the way their products are used by consumers? This is the main question of this essay, essentially focused on alcohol advertising targeting the young. It is very important to analyze such a subject to identify the responsibilities of each party and identify some possible solutions to preserve the health of consumers and keep good image of the corporate. The following development analyzes the responsibility of the marketers, consumers and government. That is to say that the responsibilities should be shared between these three parties. It’s clear that marketers (firms) have a greater part of responsibility than others, since they have to care about the welfare of all the stakeholders, including consumers. Marketers should work ethically and follow the corporate social responsibility. But foremost, it is important to define Corporate Social Responsibility, which is a most important concept actually in the business world. After the definition, the essay will show how marketing can drive consumers’ buying decision, demonstrate consumers’ irresponsible behavior and the government’s carelessness. Thus, what is CSR? Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is “a concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis” (European Commission, 2006). For some researchers, this view of the corporation stands in stark contrast with the neo-classical...
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...Methodology: This section is designed to give the reader a coherent, clear and precise account of how the study was conducted. The section is composed of number of sub-sections which should include: research philosophy, research approach, research strategy, data collection and any problems encountered in the data gathering process, data reliability, validity and generalizability, and finally, ethical issues and possible limitations with the research. Results: An essential tip for this section is to only report the findings of the study in the most appropriate manner, resisting in the process the temptation to interpret or draw conclusions. Discussion: The interpretation of the results is undertaken in this section. The first task is to state what the results of the study are by outlining the findings. Account for the findings by indicating...
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...GET THAT MONEY HONEY! TOP 101 SCHOLARSHIPS AND INTERNSHIPS FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS AND OTHER MINORITY STUDENTS (More Than $50 Million Dollars in Financial Aid Available!) Published by Urban Ebooks/ Dante Lee Publishing www.urbanebooks.com This ebook is the personal copy of Corketa Martin (CorkeLou@aol.com) SCHOLARSHIPS WITH JANUARY DEADLINES #1 - Ron Brown Scholar Program for African Americans: The Ron Brown Scholar Program provides scholarship awards to African-American high school seniors who are excelling in their academics, exhibiting exceptional leadership potential, and actively serving in community service activities. For more details, visit www.ronbrown.org #2 - Gates Millennium Scholars Program For Minority Students: The Gates Millennium Scholars Program (also known as the Bill Gates Scholarship) awards scholarships each year to African American, American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian Pacific Islander American or Hispanic American students who plan to enroll full-time in a two-year or four-year college or university program. For more details, visit www.gmsp.org Copyright © 2016 All Rights Reserved. This ebook is the personal copy of Corketa Martin (CorkeLou@aol.com) #3 - Tom Joyner Foundation "Full Ride" Scholarship: The Tom Joyner Foundation "Full Ride" Scholarship awards a full scholarship to one student to attend a Historically Black College and University (HBCU). The scholarship is open to graduating high school seniors with high academic records...
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...The international community has not legally admonished the United States for genocidal acts against Native Americans, yet it is clear that examples of genocidal acts and crimes against humanity are a well-cited page in U.S. history. Notorious incidents, such as the Trail of Tears, the Sand Creek Massacre, and the massacre of the Yuki of northern California are covered in depth in separate entries in this encyclopedia. More controversial, however, is whether the colonies and the United States participated in genocidal acts as an overall policy toward Native Americans. The Native-American population decrease since the arrival of Spanish explorer Christopher Columbus alone signals the toll colonization and U.S. settlement took on the native population. Scholars estimate that approximately 10 million pre-Columbian Native Americans resided in the present-day United States. That number has since fallen to approximately 2.4 million. While this population decrease cannot be attributed solely to the actions of the U.S. government, they certainly played a key role. In addition to population decrease, Native Americans have also experienced significant cultural and proprietary losses as a result of U.S. governmental actions. The total effect has posed a serious threat to the sustainability of the Native-American people and culture. Ideological Motivations Two conflicting yet equally harmful ideologies significantly influenced U.S. dealings with Native Americans. The first sprang from...
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...reference being made. Essay Question ‘Critically discuss the meaning of international social work and social development and demonstrate your understanding of the integrated perspectives approach by analysing and applying to an issue such as local level development, poverty, post conflict reconstructions, forced displacement.’ International social work seems to mean different things to different people in different communities, across the globe. Even the term ‘social work’ is often hard to pin down in the Western tradition. The first ‘constant’ seems to be the history of the development of social work in Britain after the Industrial Revolution and then across the western world predominantly in the United States. Second, social work as a profession arose as the result of the issues thrown up by the Industrial Revolution, such as mass movements away from rural based living, agricultural jobs reduced, with massive technological innovations commencing as far back as the development of the steam engine. Third, social work as a profession is united by its values which are social justice and a need to attend to social welfare (in the context of social wellbeing) in society. Jane Addams and her associates believed that no less than world peace and disarmament were suitable goals for social work. (Hokenstad and Midgely, 1998) So what is ‘international’ social work? The Council on Social Work Education in the United States of America in 1956 examined the question...
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...Charles John Huffam Dickens (/ˈtʃɑrlz ˈdɪkɪnz/; 7 February 1812 – 9 June 1870) was an English writer and social critic. He created some of the world's most memorable fictional characters and is generally regarded as the greatest novelist of the Victorian period.[1] During his life, his works enjoyed unprecedented fame, and by the twentieth century his literary genius was broadly acknowledged by critics and scholars. His novels and short stories continue to be widely popular.[2][3] Born in Portsmouth, England, Dickens was forced to leave school to work in a factory when his father was thrown into debtors' prison. Although he had little formal education, his early impoverishment drove him to succeed. Over his career he edited a weekly journal for 20 years, wrote 15 novels, five novellas and hundreds of short stories and non-fiction articles, lectured and performed extensively, was an indefatigable letter writer, and campaigned vigorously for children's rights, education, and other social reforms. Dickens sprang to fame with the 1836 serial publication of The Pickwick Papers. Within a few years he had become an international literary celebrity, famous for his humour, satire, and keen observation of character and society. His novels, most published in monthly or weekly instalments, pioneered the serial publication of narrative fiction, which became the dominant Victorian mode for novel publication.[4][5] The instalment format allowed Dickens to evaluate his audience's reaction...
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...Complex Systems in Education CSE ESSAYS COURSE Complex Course on Writing English and American Essays for Advanced Students English Language Programs Division Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs Writing 2 United States Information Agency, Washington, D. C. 1999 2 3 How to Use this Complex Course Частные уроки Английского Языка 387-1231 MIND Speaks to MIND – Selected American Essays 4 Preface Some years ago, a visitor to our office, a professor of English at a large foreign university, asked if the English Language Programs Division had published a book of American essays for foreign students – especially students at the advanced level. Having to respond in the negative, I was, nonetheless, “intrigued” by the idea of a collection of essays that would form a source of stimulating ideas or thoughts that could be thoroughly examined in the EFL classroom, discussed and debated in free conversation, and perhaps, ultimately, lead to a significant growth in the exchange of information between cultures – via the printed page. From this rationale, then, there issues an explanation for the title, Mind Speaks to Mind, which itself is an “exchange of information” between the editor and Edward Hoagland in his essay, “On Essays”! And, readers are encouraged to study this essay first as a type of guideline concerning the nature/purpose of the essay. It is found on page 26. For ease of reference, the essays are presented in alphabetical order according...
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