...Q1. 100 Points: Using the Assessment tools we have discussed in unit 6 (McKinsey S7 Framework, Balanced Scorecard, SWOT Analysis etc) provide a compete assessment for the company you are currently working for. If you were the CEO what would you change and why – provide your recommendation with a Before and After Organizational Chart. - If you are not working at this time- use a past employer. “ Change or perish” (Abrahams, Eric “Change without Pain” Harvard Business Review 2000, p.1) is the fate of companies and corporations when faced with the external and internal challenges that impact organizations, their structure and process and ultimately corporate success. (Abrahams, 2000). Regardless how uniquely positioned in its macro- or micro economical environment, no company is sheltered from the requirement to adapt to the ever-changing circumstances and influencing factors it conducts business in and more importantly, is intending to conduct business in the future and remain successful. ( Robbins, Judge, 2009) Be it planned changed or change induced by so called change agents, change is the driving force behind organizational re-structuring, -re-alignment and re-focus on a company targets, goals and ultimately success. (Judge, 2000). In order to adapt to and manage change effectively, it is imperative for management to understand the complexity and interconnectivity of the factors required to align in any given affected corporate structure. (Weber, 1998) For such crucial...
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...Assignment no: 509 Answer Managerial economics refers to the application of economic theory and the tools of analysis of decision science to examine how an organization can achieve it aims or objectives most efficiently. Importance of managerial economics Managerial Decision Problems Economic theory Microeconomics Macroeconomics Decision Sciences Mathematical Economics Econometrics MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS Application of economic theory and decision science tools to solve managerial decision problems OPTIMAL SOLUTIONS TO MANAGERIAL DECISION PROBLEMS Managerial Decision Problems Economic theory Microeconomics Macroeconomics Decision Sciences Mathematical Economics Econometrics MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS Application of economic theory and decision science tools to solve managerial decision problems OPTIMAL SOLUTIONS TO MANAGERIAL DECISION PROBLEMS Managerial enables the use of economic logic and principles to aid management decision-making. Managers are decision-makers and economics should be relevant to give practical guidance in arriving at right decisions. Every manager has to take important decisions about using his limited resources like land, capital, labour, finance etc. to get the maximum returns, therefore, managerial economics, concentrates on those practical aspects of micro-economics which help in decision-making. Managerial economics focuses on the most profitable use of scarce resources rather than on the achievement of equilibrium prices...
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...TABLE OF CONTENT WHAT IS A HEDGE FUND? 1 WHAT GENERIC HEDGE FUND HAS SIMILAR LEVERAGE CHARACTERISTICS TO BANKS? 2 DO ALL HEDGE FUNDS HAVE A SIMILAR RISK PROFILE? IF NOT DESCRIBE THE TYPE OF RISK FACING EACH MAIN TYPE OF HEDGE FUND 3 More Risky 3 Moderate Risk 3 Risk-Avoidance 3 WHAT FINANCIAL RISKS LED TO FAILURE OF LONG-TERM CAPITAL MANAGEMENT (LTCM)? 4 WHY DID THE FEDERAL RESERVE OPT NOT TO SUPPORT LONG-TERM CAPITAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIALLY? 5 WHAT WERE THE ARGUMENTS IN FAVOUR AND AGAINST THE RESCUE OF LONG-TERM CAPITAL MANAGEMENT? 6 Arguments for the rescue of LTCM: 6 Arguments against the rescue of LTCM: 6 WHAT TYPE OF FINANCIAL INVESTOR WAS DIRECTLY AFFECTED? WHAT WAS THE POTENTIAL INDIRECT EFFECT OF THIS CATEGORY INVESTOR FAILURE? 7 DOES THE RESCUE OF INSTITUTIONS LABELLED “TOO BIG TO FAIL” 9 Strengthen the long term stability of financial services sector? If so, how? 9 Encourage excessive risk taking in the knowledge of an implicit “safety net”? If so, explain why 9 WAS THIS A CASE OF CRONY CAPITALISM? 10 REFERENCES: 11 WHAT ARE HEDGE FUNDS? Hedge funds are private investment funds that aim to make profits for their shareholders by trading securities. Hedge fund utilises a variety of financial instruments to reduce risks, enhance returns and minimise the correlation with equity and bond markets. They are flexible in their investment options and can use short selling, leverage, derivatives and arbitrage. Hedge funds are defined by...
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...Journal of Knowledge Management, Economics and Information Technology The Influence of Micro and Macro Environment Components on Trade Companies in Romania Authors: Elena Pîndiche, The Christian University Dimitrie Cantemir of Bucharest, Romania; Roxana Ionita, Lecturer, The Christian University Dimitrie Cantemir of Bucharest, Romania This paper deals with the impact of micro and macro environment components on trade companies in Romania. Trade companies organize and operate under specific environmental conditions impact or both. In the activity of any companies the environment plays a key role in defining its strategies in seizing and using opportunities of development, being practically the support in achieving the objectives of growth, profitability or just survival. Trade companies should have the best possible perception of the components on each macro, because some of them are heavily dependent than others. Dealing with environmental factors allow detection trading company strengths and weaknesses, and to measure responsiveness and anticipation. Keywords: micro environment; macro environment; company Introduction Trading company designs and operates under specific environmental conditions impact or both. The external environment of the firm identifies two major components: the microenvironment - the firm has direct links, reciprocal often imposed by the need to achieve its object and macro environment - the firm has indirect relationships...
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...potential events contribute to companies' operational risks. This term is also sometimes referred to as political risk; however, country risk is a more general term that generally refers only to risks affecting all companies operating within or involved with a particular country. Many investors choose to place a portion of their portfolios in foreign securities. This decision involves an analysis of various mutual funds, exchange traded funds (ETFs), or stock and bond offerings. However, investors often neglect an important first step in the process of international investing. When done properly, the decision to invest overseas begins with determining the riskiness of the investment climate in the country under consideration. Country risk refers to the economic, political and business risks that are unique to a specific country, and that might result in unexpected investment losses. This country risk analysis is a fundamental step in building and monitoring an international portfolio. Investors that use the many excellent information sources available to evaluate country risk will be better prepared when constructing their international portfolios. Country risk can be used: * to monitor countries where the MNC is presently doing business, * as a screening device to avoid conducting business in countries with excessive risk, and * to improve the analysis used in making long-term investment or financing decisions Strategic Rationale * Global expansion...
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...INTELLIGENCE: * Business intelligence (BI) refers to computer-based techniques used in spotting, digging-out, and analysing business data, such as sales. * The term Business Intelligence (BI) represents the tools and systems that play a key role in the strategic planning process of the corporation. These systems allow a company to gather, store, access and analyse corporate data to aid in decision-making. Generally these systems will illustrate business intelligence in the areas of customer profiling, customer support, market research, market segmentation, product profitability, statistical analysis, and inventory and distribution analysis to name a few. * Business intelligence is the process of gathering information in the field of business. Information is typically obtained about customer needs, customer decision making processes, the competition and competitive pressures, conditions in the industry, and general economic, technological, and cultural trends. Business intelligence is carried out to gain sustainable competitive advantage, and is a valuable core competence in some instances. Every business intelligence system has a specific goal, which is derived from an organisational goal or from the Vision statement. Goals could be short term (e.g.: quarterly numbers to Wall Street) or long term (shareholder value, target...
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...other areas of concern for the investor. This is a nontechnical paper and as such is intended for students or practitioners seeking a general introduction and reference tool. It is not a survey of the research literature and citations are kept to a minimum. If you wish to keep updated on the IAM Hedge Fund Research Programme please let us know. If you have any questions please contact IAM at our London office or visit our website: 34 Sackville Street London W1S 3EF Tel. +44 (0)20 7734 8488 www.iam.uk.com For information about the research activities of the Financial Markets Group see the following page or visit the FMG website (http://fmg.lse.ac.uk.) London School of Economics Financial Markets Group The Financial Markets Group (‘FMG’) research centre was established in 1987 at the LSE. FMG is now one of the leading centres in Europe for academic research into financial markets. The FMG has developed strong links with the financial community, in particular investment banks, commercial...
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...Richard M. Schulze and Gary Smoliak in 1966. Globally, with over 100,000 employees, Best Buy was named “Company of the year” by Forbes magazine in 2004. The company achieved its early success by using low cost strategy. As a leading company in the consumer electronic retail industry, Best Buy understands the importance of high quality customer service. The company’s lead market position is attributed to its differentiation strategy, reputable brand name, and series of acquisition. The external analysis indicates that the highest competitive force in the company is the internal rivalry and risk of new competitor to enter into the market. The performance of Best Buy and other competitors in the consumer electronic retail industry really depends on macro environmental factors. The biggest threat that most industries in the global market are facing, is the threat caused by the current economic situation. The internal analysis indicates that strength of the company is their reputable brand name, size, and market presence. Best Buy built its reputation by offering consumer high quality service and new shopping experience. The company expands its business into different market through series of acquisition. The company’s biggest weakness is that company have too much long term debt , which could damage investor’s trust on the company’s performance. Introduction “Best Buy Co.,Inc. is the largest consumer electronics retailer in the US , accounting 19% of the market. Globally...
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...retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise – without the permission of CEIBS The CEIBS Case Centre is sponsored by McKinsey & Company. Dynamic Strategic Alignment CC-307-017 Dynamic Strategic Alignment This note introduces the concepts and frameworks that are commonly used in strategic analysis, integrating them within an on-going process of creating and improving strategic alignment. 1. FUNDAMENTALS The objective of strategic management is to create alignments—within the firm and between the firm and its environment—that give the firm competitive advantage and enable it to achieve its goals. Strategic change, therefore, is fundamentally a decision about what changes to make in order to create or improve alignment that moves the firm closer to its goals. Managers may increase alignment and performance by a) changing elements of the firm, b) changing features of the environment in which operate, or c) shifting to another environment. There will usually be multiple options, and managers must decide which changes are necessary, possible and worth the effort required. When making a change of any type, there will usually be a temporary period of adjustment during which performance may actually drop. If the change was appropriate, however, this should be followed by an increase in competitiveness and performance. Managers may intentionally create mis-alignments as they pursue growth, whether expanding...
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...Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is a category of investment that reflects the objective of establishing a lasting interest by a resident enterprise in one economy in an enterprise that is resident in an economy other than that of the direct investor. The lasting interest implies the existence of a long-term relationship between the direct investor and the direct investment enterprise and a significant degree of influence on the management of the enterprise. The direct or indirect ownership of 10% or more of the voting power of an enterprise resident in one economy by an investor resident in another economy is evidence of such a relationship. FDI is measured on an asset/liability basis or on a directional basis. On an asset/liability basis, FDI statistics are organized according to whether the investment relates to an asset or a liability for the reporting country (FDI IN FIGURES, 2014). In 2008, during the financial and economic crisis which swamped the world economy in 2008 had impacts on foreign direct investment (FDI) that had become the major driver of the globalization process. The Chinese stimulus program to get the country through the global crisis was much criticized by western experts, because it was thought to extend the Chinese development model which is strongly based on exports and investments in infrastructure and favors state-owned enterprises. Yet, during the global financial and economic crisis China succeeded to remain a much favored location for inward FDI compared...
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...CHAPTER EIGHTEEN Lecture Notes for Essentials of Marketing 14e For use only with Perreault/Cannon/McCarthy or Perreault/McCarthy texts. © 2014 McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Multimedia Lecture Support Package to Accompany Essentials of Marketing Lecture Script 20-1 This slide refers to material on p. 499. Summary Overview This chapter concludes Essentials of Marketing by covering three broad concepts: 1) Evaluating marketing As indicated in Chapter 1, there are two levels of marketing: • the micro (managerial) level—concerns the marketing activities of an individual firm; and • the macro level—concerns how the whole marketing system works. 2) The key components of an innovative marketing plan. 3) Challenges facing marketers. Multimedia Lecture Support Package to Accompany Essentials of Marketing Lecture Script 20-2 This slide relates to material on p. 498. Summary Overview This chapter suggests that satisfaction and costs serve as criteria for evaluating the impact of marketing. Key Issues • A nation’s objectives affect the evaluation of marketing. • The social and economic objectives of a nation may differ depending on that nation’s socio-political structure. • Consumer satisfaction is the objective in the United States. • This objective is derived from a market-based economic system, and it implies that political freedom and economic freedom go hand in hand. • In the U. S., people have the right to live as they choose and to satisfy...
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... 3.2.5 National Innovation Systems 3.2.6 Varieties of Capitalism Framework 2.2 Data Collection 3. The IT Industry 3.1. Description of the IT-Industry 4. Country Comparison 4.1 Macro- Level Indicators 4.1.1 Geographic Indicators 4.1.2 Demographic Indicators 4.1.3 Macro- Economic Indicators 4.2 Historical Developments relevant to the IT industry 4.3 Socio Cultural Conditions 4.3.1 Cultural Systems 4.3.2 Level of Education 4.3.3 Labor Market Regulations 4.3.4 Protectionism of Intellectual Property 4.3.5 Tax Regulations 4.4 Market/ Industry Conditions 4.4.1 Bargaining Power of Buyers and Subsidiaries 4.4.2 Bargaining Power of Suppliers 4.4.3 Threats of New Entrants 4.4.4 Competitive Rivalry 4.5 Other Contextual Conditions 4.5.1 Related and Supporting Industries 5. Major Findings of Comparison 5.1 Conclusion 5.2 Trends 5.3 Recommendation 1. Introduction In general, factbooks are conducted by decision makers within the fields of business and politics in order to gain insights about present-, as well as future conditions and trends in a specific country or country set. Therefore, factbooks can be considered as a sort of business tool, which supplies relevant information about a country´s business environment and if it´s in accordance with a particular company or industry. The essence...
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...Company Overview Akij Group History of Akij Group stretches back to later part of the forties. In its infancy, the Group started in humble way with jute trading which was known as the golden fiber of the country, earning highest amount of foreign exchange. Akij Group's ceaseless efforts with dynamic management and support from our numerous clients have led our Group in diversifying its business activities. In the second phase, the Group went into manufacturing handmade cigarettes popularly known as bidis. This sector gave a real boost to the revenue earning of the Group as well as making a substantial contribution to government exchequer. With the passage of time, the Group undertook new ventures and presently there are 15 units of industries under its umbrella like cigarettes, handmade cigarettes, printing & packaging, textiles, hand board, pharmaceutical, leather processing and real-estate business are in operation, catering jobs for more that 32,000 people in various categories. The Group has plans for setting up more projects. The projects are already in pipeline. Foreign investors have shown keen interest in joining with us for joint ventures. The matter is under our active consideration and will hopefully soon mature. This will also help the nation's economy growth and will create job opportunities to various professionals. Akij Group is also involved in socio-cultural activities. The Group has been operating a sizeable orphanage free of charge in district town...
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...the increasing volatility of the global energy market, which is driven by factors including demographics, urbanisation, income levels, market liberalisation and demand. What Does Macro Environment Mean? The conditions that exist in the economy as a whole, rather than in a particular sector or region. In general, the macro environment will include trends in gross domestic product (GDP), inflation, employment, spending, and monetary and fiscal policy. The macro environment is closely linked to the general business cycle, as opposed to the performance of an individual business sector. (www.investopedia.com ) Major external and uncontrollable factors that influence an organization's decision making, and affect its performance and strategies. These factors include the economic, demographics, legal, political, and social conditions, technological changes, and natural forces. Factors that influence a company's or product's development but that are outside of the company's control. For example, the macro environment could include competitors, changes in interest rates, changes in cultural tastes, or government regulations. (www.businessdictionary.com) To lead an organization efficiently we must know where our company is situated, what are the outside influences and the inside ones. Outer environment (macro environment) There are some factors in the lives of organizations that affect them, but they don’t have any control over them (much like in our own life). We can define...
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...MACRO FACTORS AFFECTING BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT SUBMITTED BY: AAYUSH VERMA INTRODUCTION A business firm is an open system. It gets resources from the environment and supplies its goods and services to the environment. There are different levels of environmental forces. Some are close and internal forces whereas others are external forces. External forces may be related to national level, regional level or international level. These environmental forces provide opportunities or threats to the business community. Every business organization tries to grasp the available opportunities and face the threats that emerge from the business environment. The term business ‘typically’ refers to the development and processing of economic values in society. Normally, the term is applied to portion of economic activities whose primary purpose is to provide goods and services for society in an effective manner. It is also applied to economics and commercial activities of institutions which having other purposes. Business may be defined as “the organised effort by individuals to produce goods and services to sell these goods and services in a market place and to reap some reward for this effort.” Functionally, we may define business as “those human activities which involves production or purchase of goods with the object of selling them at a profit margin”. Business organizations cannot change the external environment but they just react. They change their internal business components...
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