.............. 2 Introduction to Explore 1 ..................................................... 4 Chapter 1: What is geography? ........................................... 7 Chapter 2: Geographical Skills ........................................... 11 Chapter 3: Our Earth ......................................................... 15 Chapter 4: Atmosphere and weather ................................. 19 Chapter 5: Our World—the main features of the Earth’s surface ................................................. 25 Chapter 6: Asia—our region of the world .......................... 29 Chapter 7: Pakistan—our homeland.................................. 34 Chapter 8: Pakistan—economic activities ......................... 40 Introduction to the series Explore is a new, up-to-date geography series for secondary classes 6–8. The series covers all the geographical topics and learning competencies from the Pakistan National Curriculum for Geography. Guided by the structure of the Curriculum, from Book 1 to Book 3 the focus gradually switches from local (including the geography of Pakistan) to global (world issues such as forest clearances, population and big city growth, and globalization). However, this is done not by simply following the exact sequence of the written curriculum, but by identifying and developing particular topics and themes in context with the world around us, in order to make the learning process more student-friendly and relevant. Explore consists...
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...Aneka-Sierra Johnson HIS 103 Dr. Tameka Hobbs 22 January 2013 Chapter Summary for Chapter 1 – “Africa” Summary: This chapter describes how Africa was basically the birth place of humanity and its geographical features. The chapter states that Africa is the second largest continent in the world (Asia is the largest).It describes where the Africans originated and how they evolved over time. Also it gives a generally understanding of how the Africans ran there countries.IT gives a brief description of what they did to survive and how things where in there time. The Chapter also explains why African civilizations are important. Key Points: Paleoanthropologists –scientist who studies the evolution and pre-history of humans- these scientist are a key part to understanding the early state of African humanity because of their research it is concluded that all people today are decent of Africa. They also believe that Ardipitecines which are creatures that walked upright, evolved from Ardipitecines to Homo habilis The Earliest civilization in Africa and one of the two earliest in the world history is that of ancient Egypt which stared in the Nile River valley. The other of the two is Mesopotamian civilization. In both of these civilization hunting and gathering “gave way’ to the agriculture. Which lead them to become hierarchical and specialized. Sudan Ghana was the first known kingdom in western Sudan. It was established by the Soninke people in the area in the contemporary...
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...Chapter 22 – The Evolution of Primates Paleoanthropology the study of human evolution Primate characteristics 1. 5 digits 2. opposable thumbs or toe 3. long freely moving limbs 4. eyes in front of the head 5. relatively large brain 6. flexible hands & feet 7. nails 3 sub orders or primates 1. suborder prosimii - lemurs 2. suborder tarsiiformers- tarsiers 3. suborder anthropoidea- monkeys, apes, humans Suborder Anthropoidea 45 mya originated in asia & africa more developed cerebrum new world vs old world monkeys old world = africa and asia and europe short to no tails, nostrils downward, intensely social, ground dwellers new world = south and central america long tail, shorter thumbs or absent, aboreal, nostrils flat and open to side & social hominOIDS descended: old world monkeys 23-24 mya larger brain lack tail apes -gibbons, orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees humans- a group composed of apes, and hominIDS (humans and their ancestors) hominids differences part 1 ape vs humans difference between apes and humans: humans: 1) complex curvature of the spine 2) shorter, broader pelvis 3) foramen magnum at base of skull 4) first toe aligned with other toe hominids differences part 2 ape vs humans human vs gorilla heads 1. human skull lacks the supraorbital ridge 2. has a pronounced chin 3. human brain is larger 4. teeth are arranged in a U shape Sahelantropus tchadensis earliest known hominid, small brain, face and teeth had many...
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...The American Way of Strategy (Ch: 7-9 summaries) The Cold War began in the late 1940s when Joseph Stalin refused to move the Red Army from Eastern Europe, imposed communist regimes on the region, began a massive arms buildup, and sponsored communist revolutions throughout the world. The Cold War began in Europe and ended in Europe. This war, as any other war, was a calculated plan and not just a tragic accident as evidence showed in the memorandum soviet deputy foreign minister Ivan Maisky sent to Josef Stalin. “Maisky suggested that the Soviet government manipulate popular fronts to bring communist satellite regimes to power throughout continental Europe after the war.” So the Cold War resulted from Soviet aspirations to dominate Europe and Asia. However this time, the Soviets preferred methods such as intimidation and subversion to fight this war. As it is discussed in previous chapters of this book, “The purpose of the American way of strategy has always been to defend the American way of life,” which led the United States to prevent the Soviet Union from taking control over Eurasia by conquest, subversion, or military intimidation. However, this time the options to stop Soviets from taking control over the region were limited by the determination of American leaders to avoid militarizing American society. There were options such as the ‘strongpoint defense’ “This was a modified form of isolationism, which would commit the United States to defending only North America...
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...N1 7lb united Kingdom tel +44 (0)207 549 2500 Fax +44 (0)20 7324 2373 publishing@ark-group.com NORTH AMERICA OFFICE ark Group Inc 4408 N. rockwood drive suite 150 Peoria Il 61614 united states tel +1 309 495 2853 Fax +1 309 495 2858 publishingna@ark-group.com ASIA/PACIFIC OFFICE ark Group australia Pty ltd Main level 83 walker street North sydney Nsw 2060 australia tel +61 1300 550 662 Fax +61 1300 550 663 aga@arkgroupasia.com editor evie serventi eserventi@ark-group.com head of content anna shaw ashaw@ark-group.com Managing director Jennifer Guy jguy@ark-group.com uK/europe marketing enquiries robyn Macé rmace@ark-group.com us marketing enquiries daniel smallwood dsmallwood@ark-group.com asia/Pacific marketing enquiries steve oesterreich aga@arkgroupasia.com IsbN: 978-1-907787-85-0 (hard copy) 978-1-907787-86-7 (PdF) copyright the copyright of all material appearing within this publication is reserved by the author and ark conferences 2011. It may not be reproduced, duplicated or copied by any means without the prior written consent of the publisher. arK1741 Implementing an Effective Change Management Strategy Neryl east PublIshed by IN assocIatIoN wIth Contents Executive summary ............................................................................................................VII About the author................................................................................................................IX Acknowledgements .......
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...Chapter 15, Business Strategy in Asia, Kulwant Singh, Nitin Pangarkar and Loizos Heracleous, 2004 NOL and APL (A) CASE 15 After several years of dismal results, Neptune Orient Lines (NOL) was widely viewed as a laggard. The national shipping line was one of the worst performers among Singapore’s many government-linked corporations. Perhaps the low point was reached in 1996, when industry publication Containerisation International ranked NOL last in a field of 24 shipping firms on return on assets, and 18th in net profit margins. This was in stark contrast to the performance of other government firms, several of which could claim industry-leading performance, reputation and profitability. This poor performance imposed great pressures on NOL to take drastic action. Possibly in reaction, NOL announced in April 1997 that it was acquiring APL, the leading U.S. shipping line. This would be the largest acquisition ever by a Singapore firm and would catapult the firm into the league of major shipping lines. There were some concerns that NOL’s strategy was risky, as it was acquiring a firm larger than itself for a price some observers judged to be excessive. But NOL’s management was confident that it had found a solution to its problems, and that the acquisition of APL would ensure its future success. The future seemed bright. Introduction NOL AND APL (A) NOL Southeast Asia-Australia routes. Its ship charter business, American Eagle Tankers, focused on chartering ships...
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...son of a wealthy landowner, was born around 560 B.C. in northern India. In order to triumph spiritual peace, he renounced is worldly advantages and became known as Buddha, or in other words; “the enlightened one.” Gautama expounded his religious views his whole life all through South Asia. Buddhism is a path of practice and spiritual development leading to insight into the true nature of reality. Buddhist practices, like meditation, are means of altering yourself in order to improve the qualities of awareness, kindness, and wisdom (Scatterlee). Summary of article “A Summary of Some of the Ideas of Siddhartha Gautama” is an article summarizing Buddhism courtesy of Peoria Buddhist Studies Group. The article begins by noting the founder and his fundamental teachings of the philosophy of Buddhism. The author Dan Dexter goes on to elaborate the teachings more effectively in the paragraphs to come. Using numbered bullets, the article’s contributor lists the religion’s eight practices of wisdom. In addition, the author noted the four foundations of Buddhism in four bullets. Discussion The chosen article by Dan Dexter relates to Cross Border Commerce’s chapter two “Aspects of Culture” and one of its key terms Buddhism. As one may know, culture is the set of collective values, goals, attitudes, and practices that depict a specific society. Since this a business class, business culture provides answers to inquiries pertaining to who, why, what, how, and when of any type of business or...
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... Evaluation Study in Selected Overseas Markets Ministry of Tourism, Govt. of India Table of Contents Chapter No. 1. 1.1.1 1.1.2 1.1.3 1.1.4 1.1.5 2. 2.1 2.2 3. 3.1 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.3 3.4 3.4.1 3.4.2 4. 4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3 4.3.4 4.3.5 5. 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4 5.3.5 5.4 5.4.1 5.4.2 1 2 2 4 6 7 11 STUDY OBJECTIVES Primary Objective Secondary Objectives 1.1 Contents BACKGROUND Tourism Outlook Tourism Outlook – Global Tourism Outlook – Asia Tourism Outlook – Forecast Indian Economy Tourism Outlook – India 14 15 16 RESEARCH DESIGN Segments identified Segment definition Travelers Segment Trade Partners Directors of Tourism Office Methodology Sample Travelers Segment – Sample Split Trade Partners Segment – Sample Split 17 18 20 20 22 22 23 24 25 26 FINDINGS – TOURISM OFFICE EFFECTIVENESS Executive Summary Detailed Findings – Tourism Office Effectiveness – Travelers Awareness of India Tourism Offices Detailed Findings – Tourism Office Effectiveness – Trade Partners Key marketing Challenges Trade Partners Not dealing with India Disposition to deal with India in Future Efforts required on part of the India tourism office Tourism Office Interaction 28 29 30 30 32 32 33 34 35 36 FINDINGS – TRAVEL BEHAVIOR Key terms used Executive Summary Detailed findings – Travel Behavior – Travelers Past Travel Behavior Future Travel Behavior Source...
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...This Time is Different Introduction I was required to complete a review on one of the listed books. First what jumped to my eyes the heading of the book. I thought this book ‘This Time is Different’ will be interesting to read. I thought it will be about different times and different countries financial history (about bank crisis, currency crashes and so on) and how these countries survived in different times. Furthermore, before I bought this book, I read the brief of the book it sounded interesting, than I wanted to read and to know more about it. Author’s credentials Carmen M. Reinhart is the Dennis Weatherstone Senior Fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics. Previously she was professor of economics at the University of Maryland. She has held a positions in IMF. Kenneth S. Rogoff is the Thomas D. Cabot Professor of Public Policy and professor of economics at Harvard University. He received his PhD in Economics from MIT. He is a commentator for NPR, the Wall Street Journal. And the Financial Times. Carmen M. Reinhart and Kenneth S. Rogoff made a big contribution to financial history, collected data which covered sixty-six countries and different time periods and wrote about financial crisis, inflation,international debt currency crashes and debasements. They are first researches in the history about the financial crisis over many years. The author’s were trying to explain in the book, that ‘This Time is Different’ syndrome is wrong that financial...
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...ANDREAS JOHNSON Host Country Effects of Foreign Direct Investment ANDREAS JOHNSON Host Country Effects of Foreign Direct Investment The Case of Developing and Transition Economies JIBS Dissertation Series No. 031 JIBS Dissertation Series No. 031 ANDREAS JOHNSON Host Country Effects of Foreign Direct Investment The Case of Developing and Transition Economies This thesis consists of four individual essays and an introductory chapter. While independent from each other, these essays share some common properties. They are all empirical and focus on the interaction between inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI) and host country characteristics. The primary focus of the thesis lies in how inflows of FDI affect developing and transition economies. Macro-level data are used in all essays. The first essay analyses the FDI inflows that the transition economies of Eastern Europe have attracted and tries to find determinants of these inflows. The following two essays compare the effect of FDI between developing and developed economies. The second essay studies the relationship between corruption in the host country and the volume of FDI inflows. The third essay explores the effect of FDI inflows on host country economic growth. The fourth and final essay analyses the relationship between FDI and trade, focusing on the link between FDI flows and host country exports in eight East Asian economies. ISSN 1403-0470 ISBN 91-89164-64-4 ANDREAS JOHNSON Host Country Effects...
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...Letter of Submission To The dean Faculty of Business studies Department of Business Administration Premier University, Chittagong Subject: Submission of the term paper Sir, It gives me immense pleasure to submit my term paper on “Application of Accounting Standard” of “Bank Asia limited” which was assigned to me as a fulfillment of the degree “Bachelor of Business Administration”. I tried to extend the report to a successful one. In this case I used my knowledge gaining at the time of my graduation. While making this report I came across many experiences and I used all of my experience in making the report. Despite several constraints, I gave my all efforts to make this report a meaningful one. I hope you will get the report as informative and accept my report. Sincerely yours, Acknowledgement At the very beginning of my report, I would like to pay my worship and gratefulness to the praiseworthy Almighty Allah who graces me to accomplish this report. I would like to offer my gratitude to our honorable Dean Sir, Prof. Dr. Milan Kumar Bhattacharjee, who gave us the opportunity & also for his kind supervision and providing necessary guidelines in preparing this report. I am also thankful to Ali Arshad Chowdhury, Lecturer of “Premier University” , faculty of Business Studies. Who helped me in abundant conducts to make this report more meaningful. Finally, I thank all the persons who have directly or indirectly contributed...
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...University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Dissertations and Theses from the College of Business Administration Business Administration, College of 2-1-2011 ESSAYS ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT Wanasin Sattayanuwat University of Nebraska - Lincoln, wanasin@yahoo.com Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/businessdiss Part of the Business Commons Sattayanuwat, Wanasin, "ESSAYS ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT" (2011). Dissertations and Theses from the College of Business Administration. Paper 18. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/businessdiss/18 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Business Administration, College of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses from the College of Business Administration by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. ESSAYS ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT by Wanasin Sattayanuwat A DISSERTATION Presented to the faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Major: Economics Under the Supervision of Professor Craig R MacPhee Lincoln, Nebraska February 2011 ESSAYS ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT Wanasin Sattayanuwat, Ph...
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...CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO GLOBAL MARKETING SUMMARY A company that engages in global marketing focuses resources on global market opportunities and threats. Successful global marketers such as Nestle, Coca-Cola, and Honda use familiar marketing mix elements – the four Ps – to create global marketing programs. Marketing, R&D, manufacturing, and other activities comprise a firm’s value chain; firms configure activities to create superior customer value on a global basis. Global companies also maintain strategic focus while pursuing competitive advantage. The marketing mix, value chain, competitive advantage, and focus are universal in their applicability, irrespective of whether a company does business only in the home country or has a presence in many markets around the world. However, in a global industry, companies that fail to pursue global opportunities risk being pushed aside by competitors. A firm’s global marketing strategy (GMS) can enhance its worldwide performance. The GMS addresses several issues. First is nature of the marketing program in terms of the balance between a standardization (extension) approach to the marketing mix and a localization (adaptation) approach that is responsive to country or regional differences. Second is the concentration of marketing activities in a few countries or the dispersal of such activities across many countries. Companies that engage in global marketing can also engage in coordination of marketing activities. Finally...
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...a brief history and an overview of HSBC today. In the following chapters I have talked in details about its structure and police offices. The last section brings information about its revenue, net profit and future plans. It has been pleasure and challenge working on this report. Please feel free to contact me in case of clarification or queries on this report. Kind Regards, HSBC I. History HSBC has a rich history, which starts back in 1865. It was established in Hong Kong and, two months later, in Shanghai by Thomas Sutherland and it started from a basic idea: to support trade between Asia and Europe. By 1900 it was extended in Europe and North America, Japan, Thailand, India, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Vietnam. During Second World War, the group had to close branches and to move for a while its head office from Hong Kong to London. After the war, it played a key role in reconstructing the Hong Kong economy. In 1992 it acquired Midland Bank and became the biggest financial services organization in the world. HSBC continued to grow all this time and made lots of acquisitions and established a network of branches around the world. It had ups and downs, but it has built its reputation through all these decades, after facing most challenging times during global conflicts (I World War, II World War), economic crises (Great Depression), natural disasters (when its Yokohama branch was destroyed by the earthquake in 1923). It also had to adapt to new...
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...Week 2 Reading summaries Claude Fischler “Food, Self and Identity” (1988) * Food goes deeper than being a source of nutrition, it is central to our individual identity given that we are constructed, biologically, psychologically and socially by the food we choose to incorporate into our lives. * Omnivore’s paradox: One of the fundamental components of our identity as omnivores is that we have the autonomy, freedom and adaptability to consume a wide range of food. However this liberty also implies dependence and constraint. Omnivores cannot obtain all the nutrients it needs from one food alone and omnivores must also avoid harmful foods. * The principle of incorporation dictates that food and cuisine are a central component of the sense of collective belonging. * Disgust is a socially constructed biological safeguard. The psychology of eating behavior reveals that children have the tendency to accept only a limited range of food they are familiar with. This gives us insight into our natural instinct as humans to put new exotic foods through thorough examination before we consume it. * Because of how complex identifying a food can be based on its cultural origins, the culinary system provides a pre-fabricated matrix where one can identify a food by understanding its place in the world. * In today’s society as food is becoming more processed and integrated through globalization our cultural and physiological identity through food is becoming...
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