...Research Paper on theme: U.S. - Soviet relations. Cold War. Student: Natalia Konovalova. Introduction. This paper is about U.S. - Soviet relations in Cold War period. Our purpose is to find out the causes of this war, positions of the countries which took part in it. We also will discuss the main Cold War's events. The Cold War was characterized by mutual distrust, suspicion and misunderstanding by both the United States and Soviet Union, and their allies. At times, these conditions increased the likelihood of the third world war. The United States accused the USSR of seeking to expand Communism throughout the world. The Soviets, meanwhile, charged the United States with practicing imperialism and with attempting to stop revolutionary activity in other countries. Each block's vision of the world contributed to East-West tension. The United States wanted a world of independent nations based on democratic principles. The Soviet Union, however, tried control areas it considered vital to its national interest, including much of Eastern Europe. Through the Cold War did not begin until the end of World War II, in 1945, U.S.-Soviet relations had been strained since 1917. In that year, a revolution in Russia established a Communist dictatorship there. During the 1920's and 1930's, the Soviets called for world revolution and the destruction of capitalism, the...
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...MICROSOFT VS MACBOOK INTRODUCTION May 2006 marked a special moment in computer history. Apple introduced the MacBook: the first consumer Apple laptop that runs on an Intel chip. This is significant because Windows users now can truly compare Windows-based laptops to the MacBook family. The speed of the MacBook is on pace with the speed of PC laptops. Windows users have less and less reasons to remain Windows users. Running parallel to the increasing reasons to consider Mac over Windows is the fact that our world has evolved from a desktop world to a laptop world. Laptops are so fast and well-equipped nowadays that they serve the needs of not only consumer users, but also professional users such as graphic designers and high-end Photoshop users. There's now only two groups of users that should even consider buying desktops:1. mega-power users. This includes hardcore gamers, 3d animation users and professional video editors. These guys need the fastest machines available to make their processor-hogging routines running faster and faster.2. super-budget users. You can get a nice desktop for $500 nowadays. nice laptops go for about $1000+.That leaves the rest of us. And that's a large group. Laptops offer a freedom that no desktop (or even an iMac) can offer: Portability. Use the laptop on the couch while watching TV. Use it at your desk to get serious work done. Use it on the deck to enjoy the spring weather. Use it at the coffee shop or library to simply look cool. Plus, they...
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...Nokia Rise and Fall EMSE 6005.10 – Organizational Behavior For The Engineering Managers Professor Andy Sakka Abhishek Thakur Akshat Amrut Oswal Nokia history: Nokia was founded by Fredrik Idestam, a mining engineer in 1865. The name Nokia was decided in 1871 when he opened his second paper mill on the bank of Nokianvirta river. Nokia started out with making paper which incidentally was one of the very first technologies used for communications. Fredrik Idestam was the chairman of the company till 1896 when he retired, and Leo Mechelin took over as the chairman. Under Mechelin, Nokia started a new business unit of electricity generation. In 1898, Eduard Polon founded the Finnish Rubber Works, which later became Nokia’s rubber business. They were making everything from galoshes to tires. In 1912, Finnish Cable Works was established by Arvid Wickstrom, which later became Nokia’s cable and electronic business. In 1967, all three of these jointly owned companies came together to form the Nokia corporation. Nokia’s first thrust in telecommunications came when they began developing radio telephones for the army and emergency services. During this period, the company was involved in many businesses including paper products, tire manufacturing, footwears, communication cables, televisions , electricity generation machinery, robotics , chemicals, plastics and many more. By 1987,, Nokia became one of the leading manufacturers of TV in Europe. By 1990, Nokia decided to concentrate...
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...Cases A 477 IKEA in 2013: Furniture Retailer to the World ~ INTRODUCTION IKEA is one of the world's most successful global retailers. By 2012 IKEA had 320 home-furnishing superstores in 40 countries and was visited by some 776 million shoppers. IKEA's low-priced, elegantly designed merchandise, displayed in large warehouse stores, generated sales of €27.5 billion in 2012, up from €4.4 billion in 1994, and €4.2 billion in net profit. Although the privately held company refuses to publish detailed financial data, its net profit margins were rumored to be around 10 percent, high for a retailer. The founder, Ingvar Kamprad, now in his 80s but still an active "adviser" to the company, is rumored to be one of the world's richest men. COMPANY BACKGROUND IKEA was established by Ingvar Kamprad in Sweden in 1943 when he was 17 years old. The fledgling company sold fish, Christmas magazines, and seeds from his family farm. It wasn't his first business- that had been selling matches, which the enterprising Kamprad had purchased wholesale in 100-box lots (with help from his grandmother who financed the enterprise) and then resold them individually at a higher markup. The name IKEA is an acronym, I and K being his initials, while E stood for Elmtaryd, the name of the family farm, and A stood for Agunnaryd, the name of the village in southern Sweden where the farm was located. Before long Kamprad had added ballpoint pens to his list and was selling his...
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...circumstances, up-and-coming local musical talent in conjunction with the independent labels and studio owners, and the commercially viable musical interest and curiosity of consumers in these local artists. An article poses another causative factor that makes sense: when rock and roll was a new genre, major labels such as Columbia, Capitol, and RCA were “reluctant to sign these acts; thus, sprung forth the independent label” (Jacobs). Grassroots production and engineering enthusiasts were given an in-road into the music industry and were able to gain their own clients in independent local artists. Independent label owners in connection with this local talent generate publicity and profit. One such example is found with the duo of Polish immigrant brothers named Leonard and Phil Chess, also known as the Blues Brothers. The Chess brothers bought sole ownership of Aristocrat Records in 1950, and change its name to Chess Records. Leonard specialized as the hands-on producer for the label, while Phil focused on finances and marketing. They found a signature sound in the electric guitar of Muddy Waters. Besides Muddy Watters, their rostser included Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley, Willie Nixon, Etta James, Little Walter, Billie Stewart, and Howlin’ Wolf.’ Chapter Three of the History of Music Production Binder states: Chess Records flourished in those early days of both Rhythm and Blues and...
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...Chapter 14 ConsumPTION TO Satisfaction WHAT DO YOU THINK Polling Question When I’m treated unfairly by a business, dissatisfaction describes my feelings well. Strongly disagree 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Strongly agree Have students access www.cengagebrain.com to answer the polling questions for each chapter of CB. Ask them to take the online poll to see how their answers compare with other students taking a consumer behavior course across the country. Then turn to the last page of the chapter to find the What Others Have Thought box feature. This graph is a snapshot of how other consumer behavior students have answered this polling question thus far. Learning Outcomes After studying this chapter, the student should be able to: L01 Gain an appreciation of the link from consumption to value to satisfaction. L02 Discuss the relative importance of satisfaction and value in consumer behavior. L03 Know that emotions other than satisfaction can affect postconsumption behavior. L04 Use expectancy disconfirmation, equity, and attribution theory approaches to explain consumers’ postconsumption reactions. L04 Understand problems with commonly applied satisfaction measures. L06 Describe some ways that consumers dispose of products. Suggested Lecture Opener When we think about consumer satisfaction and the consumption process, the link seems clear. Businesses with high levels of consumer satisfaction succeed, and those with low levels fail. However, this isn’t always...
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...The Syllable John Goldsmith December 7, 2009 Contents 1 Overview and brief history 1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Sonority waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Constituents and structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3.1 Pike, Hockett, Fudge: the arboreal view . . . 1.3.2 Syntagmatic and Paradigmatic . . . . . . . . 1.3.3 How to parse CVC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 Syllable timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 Classical generative phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6 Pulgram on the syllable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7 Natural phonologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8 Flat structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9 Metrical phonology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.10 Sonority redux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.11 Slots that hang from trees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.12 Government relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.13 Derived sonority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.14 Optimality theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.15 Must we choose between sonority and constituency? 1.16 Phonotactics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.17 Onsets, codas, and word-appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
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...------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Bottom of Form CORPORATE HISTORY 1995-1997 1995 * Larry Page and Sergey Brin meet at Stanford. (Larry, 22, a U Michigan grad, is considering the school; Sergey, 21, is assigned to show him around.) According to some accounts, they disagree about almost everything during this first meeting. 1996 * Larry and Sergey, now Stanford computer science grad students, begin collaborating on a search engine called BackRub. * BackRub operates on Stanford servers for more than a year—eventually taking up too much bandwidth to suit the university. 1997 * Larry and Sergey decide that the BackRub search engine needs a new name. After some brainstorming, they go with Google—a play on the word “googol,” a mathematical term for the number represented by the numeral 1 followed by 100 zeros. The use of the term reflects their mission to organize a seemingly infinite amount of information on the web. Back to top 1998 August * Sun co-founder Andy Bechtolsheim writes a check for $100,000 to an entity that doesn’t exist yet: a company called Google Inc. September * Google sets up workspace in Susan Wojcicki’s garage at 232 Santa Margarita, Menlo Park. * Google files for incorporation in California on September 4. Shortly thereafter, Larry and Sergey open a bank account in the newly-established company’s name and deposit Andy Bechtolsheim’s check. * Larry and Sergey hire Craig Silverstein...
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...OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE: KINETIC AND POSITIONAL By: Ma, Hao; Business Horizons, Jan/Feb2000, Vol. 43 Issue 1, p53, 12p, 1 diagram Competitive advantage is considered the basis for superior company performance. To perform at such a level consistently, a firm often has to nurture an evolving system of competitive advantages to carry it through competition and over time. What are the various possible types of such advantages? How can a firm systematically analyze the multiple advantages it could possess and use them to achieve and maintain superior performance? Building on research in strategic management, answers to these questions and others can contribute to managers' knowledge about the nature and content of competitive advantage. Such knowledge can help managers nurture and renew their firms' advantages more effectively through time. The Dichotomy of Positional and Kinetic Advantages The essence of competitive advantage can be interpreted as the asymmetry or differential among firms along any comparable dimension that allows one firm to compete better than its rivals. Simply put, a competitive advantage can be one of two types: ° positional--a status-defining position that leads to better company performance; or ° kinetic--an action-oriented ability that allows a firm to function more effectively and efficiently. Positional advantage often derives from ownership or access-based sources. Specifically, it comes from a company's unique endowment of resources, market...
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...FROM THE AUTHOR OF THE BESTSELLING BIOGRAPHIES OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN AND ALBERT EINSTEIN, THIS IS THE EXCLUSIVE BIOGRAPHY OF STEVE JOBS. Based on more than forty interviews with Jobs conducted over two years—as well as interviews with more than a hundred family members, friends, adversaries, competitors, and colleagues—Walter Isaacson has written a riveting story of the roller-coaster life and searingly intense personality of a creative entrepreneur whose passion for perfection and ferocious drive revolutionized six industries: personal computers, animated movies, music, phones, tablet computing, and digital publishing. At a time when America is seeking ways to sustain its innovative edge, Jobs stands as the ultimate icon of inventiveness and applied imagination. He knew that the best way to create value in the twenty-first century was to connect creativity with technology. He built a company where leaps of the imagination were combined with remarkable feats of engineering. Although Jobs cooperated with this book, he asked for no control over what was written nor even the right to read it before it was published. He put nothing offlimits. He encouraged the people he knew to speak honestly. And Jobs speaks candidly, sometimes brutally so, about the people he worked with and competed against. His friends, foes, and colleagues provide an unvarnished view of the passions, perfectionism, obsessions, artistry, devilry, and compulsion for control that shaped his approach to business and...
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...Even Semester 2009/2010 | Erlina Juliani Kalangi | Ida Ayu Kartika | international management | “The nonmarket environment and Issues in the google inc.” | DAFTAR ISI Daftar Isi 02 Executive Summary 04 History of Google 04 Google Timeline 05 The vision, Mission and Focus of Google 19 Google Management 19 Uses of Google 28 Market Share 29 Usage Application of Google 29 Share of Advertiser 30 Google For Education 30 Google and User 31 The Google Culture 31 About Google Office 32 Google Workspace 32 Top 10 Reasons to Work at Google 33 SWOT Analysis 33 * Strengths 33 * Weaknesses 34 * Opportunities 35 * Threats 35 * Recommendations 36 Google Product Development Process 37 Google Ethics 37 Criticism of Google 39 Issues in Google life cycle 39 Another Issues in Google 40 Copyright Issues 40 Privacy Issues 41 Why won’t Google be affected by the crisis? 42 How do Google measure success of a new product? 42 Google deal with the host of privacy issues associated with its application 43 Antitrust 44 Google and Antitrust 44 Some spesific activities have been made for anti trust claims 45 The Issues are associated with the launch of Google Health 45 * The look of Google Health 46 * Screen shot deeper on the application 46 * The Issues of google health 46 * Google Response 47 The issues might arise in Google’s ownership of Tianya.cn 47 ...
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...The tomato is the edible, often red fruit/berry of the nightshade Solanum lycopersicum, History Etymology The word "tomato" comes from the Spanish tomate, which in turn comes from the Nahuatl word tomatotl,. It first appeared in print in 1595. A member of the deadly nightshade family, tomatoes were erroneously thought to be poisonous by Europeans who were suspicious of their bright, shiny fruit. Native versions were small, like cherry tomatoes, and most likely yellow rather than red. The tomato is native to western South America and Central America. Mesoamerica Aztecs and other peoples in Mesoamerica used the fruit in their cooking. The exact date of domestication is unknown: by 500 BC, it was already being cultivated in southern Mexico and probably other areas. The Pueblo people are thought to have believed that those who witnessed the ingestion of tomato seeds were blessed with powers of divination. The large, lumpy tomato, a mutation from a smoother, smaller fruit, originated in Mesoamerica, and may be the direct ancestor of some modern cultivated tomatoes. Unique varieties were developed over the next several hundred years for uses such as dried tomatoes, sauce tomatoes, pizza tomatoes, and tomatoes for long term storage. These varieties are usually known for their place of origin as much as by a variety name. For example, Pomodorino del Piennolo del Vesuvio is the "hanging tomato of Vesuvius". Five different varieties have traditionally been used to make these "hanging"...
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...Republic of the Philippines POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Don Fabian St., Barangay Commonwealth, Quezon City Campus _________________________________________ “How Color Psychology affects Consumer Behavior” Term Paper in General Psychology _________________________________________ Submitted to Prof. Artemus Cruz _________________________________________ Submitted by Michelle P. Garcia BSBA MM 3-1 _________________________________________ March 26, 2013 I. Introduction Colors play an important role in our lives. It gives meaning to everything we see. As Human our color vision influences everything from our art and poetry to the colors we paint our homes and the clothing we choose to buy. Colors distinguish a thing from the other. Colors determine our emotions. Pablo Picasso once quoted, “Colors like features follow the changes of the emotions”. Do you feel happy in a yellow room? Does the color blue make you feel calm and relaxed? Artist and interior designers have already proven how color can dramatically affect moods, feelings and emotions. Color is a powerful tool when it comes to communication and can be used to signal action, influence mood and cause physiological reactions. How color affects the effectiveness of the business? Marketing is a science of satisfying human wants and needs. When this filed acquires the principles of color psychology, it would...
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...CHAPTER NO:1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 WHAT’S A MISSION STATEMENT? Imagine if you were the captain of your own ship. You wouldn’t let the ship sail just anywhere. You would have a direction and a destination to sail to. Either you’re sailing to a predetermined port of call, or your ship is in port, getting ready to sail to another destination. It’s the same with our lives. A mission statement clarifies what you want out of life. It gives you a clear sense of direction. You know where you need to focus your attention to create the desired outcome. As Zig Ziglar has said, “You cannot make it as a wandering generality. You must become a meaningful specific.” A mission statement is only a paragraph long, but it has specific, measurable outcomes and a deadline for accomplishing that outcome. It’s truly the best way to start your journey to success. Mission statement A mission statement is a statement of the purpose of a company or organization, its reason for existing. The mission statement should guide the actions of the organization, spell out its overall goal, provide a path, and guide decision-making. It provides "the framework or context within which the company's strategies are formulated." Definition: A written declaration of an organization's core purpose and focus that normally remains unchanged over time. Properly crafted mission statements (1) serve as filters to separate what is important from what is not, (2) clearly state which markets will be served and how, and...
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...Confirming Pages PART 1 SA M PL E C H AP TE R Concepts and Techniques for Crafting and Executing Strategy tho29503_ch01_001-017.indd 1 12/10/12 4:52 PM Confirming Pages WHAT IS STRATEGY AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT? AP Learning Objectives TE R CHAPTER 1 Learn what we mean by a company’s strategy. LO 2 Grasp the concept of a sustainable competitive advantage. LO 3 Develop an awareness of the four most basic strategic approaches for winning a sustainable competitive advantage. LO 4 Understand that a company’s strategy tends to evolve over time because of changing circumstances and ongoing management efforts to improve the company’s strategy. LO 5 Learn why it is important for a company to have a viable business model that outlines the company’s customer value proposition and its profit formula. LO 6 Learn the three tests of a winning strategy. M PL E C H LO 1 SA Strategy means making clear-cut choices about how to compete. Jack Welch – Former CEO of General Electric If your firm’s strategy can be applied to any other firm, you don’t have a very good one. David J. Collis and Michael G. Rukstad – Consultants and professors One must have strategies to execute dreams. Azim Premji – CEO Wipro Technologies and one of the world’s richest people tho29503_ch01_001-017.indd 2 12/10/12 4:52 PM AP Many factors enter into a full explanation of a company’s performance, of course. Some come from the external environment; others are internal to the firm...
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