...2010 Child Support: Then and Now What is child support? According to dictionary.com, child support is defined as payment made for the support of the children of divorced or separated parents while the children are minors or until they reach an age set by the separation agreement or in a court order (Dictionary.com). This argument will show the changes in child support over the last fifty years, along with statistics that show how many people are in need of child support. The research will also show what the current child support laws and enforcement regulations are at present day. Child support started as far back as 1935, with a program that provided Aid to Families with Dependent Children, also known as the AFDC, this program would help families that met the established federal need requirements, receive monthly minimum payments from the state. One requirement that would qualify a family to receive a monthly payment would be if a child was not being adequately supported by a parent that was not around, and not paying support (Morgan). Basically, these benefits that the families were receiving from the government were a substitute for child support. This was the start of child support laws and enforcement. It was not until 1974, that there were more changes to child support laws. At this time, child support was to be shifted from the money coming out of the taxpayers’ pockets to making the absent parent being the one responsible for paying for the needs of the child. Congress...
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...Introduction The Child Support Organization currently operates under the state government. Although each state enforces their child support orders using similar guidelines some use different guidelines. This organization needs to be totally revamped. There are two reasons this system needs an overhaul and I have two ideas that I believe can be implemented to help them thrive going forward. Using Kotter’s eight step approach I will present the plan to transform the organization. Company Overview Although the office of child support enforcement which is a federal entity oversees all the child support agencies on the state level, I will focus on one agency. That agency is the child support agency in Fulton County Georgia because I am familiar with that agency. The Fulton County department of human services division of child support services enhances the wellbeing of children by locating the Non-Custodial parent. The non-custodial parent is the parent that does not have custody of the child. They also establish paternity, handle support orders, enforce and modify support obligations and the collect and distribute child support payments. They promote parental accountability while reducing the public’s responsibility for giving financial and medical support to the children (dcss.dhs). Diagnosis There are two main areas that I believe the division of child support is failing in. There are also two new initiatives that I feel can be implemented...
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...FACTS YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT APPLYING FOR TEMPORARY CASH ASSISTANCE, FOOD SUPPLEMENT PROGRAM (FORMERLY FOOD STAMPS) AND MEDICAL ASSISTANCE Social Security Numbers ← You must give us a social security number for each family member who wants benefits. ← If a person who wants benefits does not have a social security number, that person must apply for a number. We can help applicants get their numbers. ← If a family member has applied for a social security number, we will not delay your application while you wait for the number. ← We use social security numbers to prove income. We do not give numbers to other agencies like Immigration and Naturalization. Citizenship and Immigration Status ← You must tell us about the citizenship and immigration status for each family member who wants benefits. Information ← If a family member will not tell us about citizenship, immigration status or social security number, that person will not get benefits. ← They must still give us proof of income, expenses and other things. ← The other family members who give us their information will get benefits if they meet the rules. Emergency Medical Assistance ← Immigrants who are not eligible for other kinds of medical assistance and apply only for emergency medical assistance do not have to tell us their social security number, immigration or citizenship status. Time Limits ← Temporary Cash Assistance has time limits. ← The Food Supplement Program (formerly...
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...Fred as a father has the obligation of maintenance. Before, the Child Support Act 1991, under the Family Law (Scotland) Act 1985: “a father or mother had the obligation to pay aliment to his or her child.” This act is still in force however, is now only used under certain circumstances. As these circumstances do not apply to Fred and Elizabeth, the Child Support Act needs to be examined to determine the maintenance that Fred will have to provide for his children. The act was brought in by the government which overthrew the jurisdiction of the court, moving decisions to the state. An application now has to be made to the Child Maintenance service. The Child Support Act states that: “each parent of a qualifying child is responsible for maintaining...
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...What is shared parental leave and why it is being introduced? Shared parental leave is a new way for parents to share statutory leave and pay on the birth of a child. It replaces the current additional paternity leave regime. However, it is separate from the right to unpaid parental leave and does not replace the current maternity leave and pay regime. Similar rights apply to adoptions. The intended parents in a surrogacy arrangement are also entitled to take advantage of shared parental leave. These rights also apply to partnerships of the same sex, so references in this factsheet to fathers should be taken as including women in same-sex partnerships. This introductory factsheet relates to the shared parental leave regime which applies to England, Wales and Scotland only. The right to shared parental leave only applies to employees who fulfil the relevant eligibility criteria which are explained below. The new right allows the mother to choose to bring her maternity leave to an end at any point after the initial two week compulsory maternity leave period following the birth of the child. The parents can then choose how to split up the remaining weeks of leave between them. Shared parental leave can be taken by each parent separately or at the same time. Shared parental leave will apply to parents of children due on or after 5 April 2015 and has been brought into effect by various sets of legislation. The Children and Families Act 2014 came into force on 13 March 2014 and...
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...MAINTENANCE TOPIC A. B. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. INTRODUCTION CHILD MAINTENANCE What rights to support do children have? Who has a duty to support (maintain) children? What is the maintenance system? What do maintenance officers at court do? How is the amount of maintenance calculated? Why pay maintenance? What happens at the maintenance enquiry? What happens if the other person does not arrive at the maintenance enquiry? How is maintenance paid? Must I still pay maintenance if the other parent: What if I have other children? What happens if a child is born outside of marriage and paternity is contested? What happens if a parent fails to pay maintenance? How can I enforce a maintenance order that has been issued in South Africa where the maintenance defaulter has moved to another country? How can I enforce a maintenance order that has been issued in a foreign country in South Africa? What happens if I need to change the maintenance amount? What happens if I change my address? What happens if one of the child’s parents has passed away? When does the duty to maintain end? What can I do to protect the best interests of children when it comes to maintenance? What happens if none of the child’s relatives can support him/her? PARTNERS/SURVIVING SPOUSES ASSISTANCE IN MAINTENANCE MATTERS PAGE 3 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 10 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. B. C. 1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. Black Sash FAMSA Gender...
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...RUNNING HEADER: SOCIAL HISTORY OF CHILD SUPPORT Abstract A key component of welfare reform involves changes in the assumptions about human behavior which are embedded in social policies. Policy assumptions have been transformed from forcing a belief that social service providers act as guardians, to a stance in which all participants are regarded as self-seeking cons. These ideas are particularly pertinent to policy developments concerning financial obligations for children, and this paper examines these issues in relation to child support policy in the US. It highlights the evident and inevitable failure of this policy to meet its primary stated aim of revenue generation. In the US this failure is compounded by the creation of parallel systems for dealing with children and families, one for financial obligations and the other for care and development, which are founded on downward opposed assumptions about human behavior and capabilities. Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………...4 Social Policy History……………………………………………………….4-6 Research History…………………………………………………………...7-9 Child Support Becomes the Law…………………………………………..10 Child Support Law & It’s Effects…………………………………………11-13 Social Effects: Parents, Children & Child Support………………………..14-15 Child Support System Changes….…………………………………………15-16 Child Support System Remedies….………………………………………..17 Child Supports Outcome on Communities/Government/Family……………17-18 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………...
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... The researcher used Tables, charts and Pearson’s correlation to describe and analyze quantitative data while qualitative data was analyzed on the basis of themes. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between the parents’ level of education, income and occupation with pupil’s educational performance. Fathers’ education was significant at 0.804 while mothers’ educational level was significant at 0.641. Parent’s level of income was significant at 0.875 and Parents’ occupation was significant at 0.757. These findings are consistent with the concept of social reproduction by Pierre Bourdieu (1986), Annet Lareau (2003) and Randall Collins. The researcher concluded that parent’ low socioeconomic status impacted negatively on pupils’ performance, through denying the children access to resources which are readily available to children from higher socio economic status. He recommended that parents should continue to improve on their education levels through adult education programs. Secondly, children from low socioeconomic backgrounds should try to persevere through financial hardships and remain in school because schooling eventually has a redeeming effect on their poor plight. Lastly...
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...George WOODSIDE, Respondent. No. 0816. Heard Sept. 17, 1986. Decided Nov. 3, 1986. Action was brought for divorce. The Family Court, Lexington County, Marc H. Westbrook, J., entered divorce decree and both parties appealed. The Court of Appeals, Cureton, J., held that: (1) permanent periodic alimony award was inadequate; (2) child support award was not abuse of discretion; (3) trial court failed to consider factors necessary for award of attorney fees; (4) trial court erred in failing to determine whether wife was entitled to enhancement of equitable distribution award because of foregone career opportunities; (5) divorce decree provisions for mortgage payments and attorney fees were stayed pending appeal; and (6) finding that husband was not in contempt for threemonth arrearage in alimony payments was not abuse of discretion. Affirmed in part, reversed in part and remanded. **409 *368 Edmund H. Monteith, of Monteith & Monteith, Columbia, for appellantrespondent. Robert L. Hallman, Columbia, for respondent-appellant. CURETON, Judge: This divorce action involves three appeals. Both parties *369 appeal a 1984 divorce decree with respect to alimony, child support, equitable distribution and attorney fees. Both parties petitioned the Supreme Court for supersedeas. The Court refused supersedeas, but remanded the case to the family court to address the matter of mortgage payments during the pendency of the appeal. On remand the family court issued its order which was in turn appealed by...
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...that Thomson's volunteerism is fatal to family morality, which has as one of its central beliefs that an individual has special and filial obligations to his offspring and family that he does not have to other persons. Although Thomson may not consider such a fatality as being all that terrible, since she may accept the feminist dogma that the traditional family is "oppressive" to women,12 a great number of ordinary men and women, who have found joy, happiness, and love in family life, find Thomson's volunteerism to be counter-intuitive. Philosopher Christina Sommers has come to a similar conclusion: For it [the volunteerist thesis] means that there is no such thing as filial duty per se, no such thing as the special duty of mother to child, and generally no such thing as morality of special family or kinship relations. All of which is contrary to what people think. For most people think that we do owe special debts to our parents even though we have not voluntarily assumed our obligations to them. Most people think that what we owe to our children does not have its origin in any voluntary undertaking, explicit or implicit, that we have made to them. And "preanalytically," many people believe that we owe special consideration to our siblings even at times when we may not feel very friendly to them . . . . The idea that to be committed to an individual is to have made a voluntarily implicit or explicit commitment to that individual is generally fatal to family morality. For it...
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...CHAPTER 3 INDIVIDUAL TAXATION Individual Taxation—An Overview[->0] OBJECTIVES After completing Chapter 3, you should be able to: 1. Understand the components of the tax formula. 2. Apply the standard deduction to each filing status. 3. Determine whether an individual qualifies as a personal exemption. 4. Distinguish among the five different filing statuses. 5. Apply the tax tables and the tax rate schedules to taxable income. OVERVIEW This chapter discusses the components of the tax formula and studies the implications of the standard deduction to the taxpayer. Additionally, the qualifications for the personal exemption are analyzed. Finally, the basic filing statuses are examined as well as the role of the tax tables and the tax rate schedules. ¶3001 COMPONENTS OF THE TAX FORMULA[->1] Taxable income is computed using one of the two overall accounting methods, the cash method or the accrual method. It is also possible to use a combination of the two overall methods. Under the cash method, income is reported when it is received and deductions are taken when the expense is paid. The accrual method requires income to be reported when all the events necessary to fix the right to receive payment have occurred and there is reasonable certainty regarding the amount. Likewise, accrual basis taxpayers usually claim a deduction in the year in which all events that fix the liability have occurred, provided the amount of the liability is reasonably determinable. A basic understanding...
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...Rose Hill Center TOPIC Phone Numbers and Index Organizational Chart Mission – Vision – Goals Bad Weather Bus Stops State of Emergency Hours of Operation Clothing Services Offered CACFP Curriculum The Pyramid Model DECA Assessment Literacy Program Language Policy Developmental Screenings Disability Plans COPA Software Parent School Funding Volunteer Opportunities Policy Support Statement Arrival/Dismissal Procedure Release of Child from Center Child Abuse/Neglect Attendance Regulations Bus Policies Name Tags I.D. Numbers 328-9454 225-3790 224-3529 654-9995 TOPIC Emergency Cards Behavior Returned Child to Center Designated Stops Important Information Person Under Intoxicating Substances Bus Problems or Concerns Transportation Requirements Process for Pedestrian Safety Communication with Staff Concerns Field Trips and Events Field Trip Volunteer Guidelines Statement on Holiday Celebrations Nutrition Serious Disruptive Behavior Policy Administration of Medication General Child Health Procedures Infection Control Procedures When Child Should Return After Being Illness Emergency Procedures Head Lice Policy Immunization Policy Licensing Community Resource Directory Donations Parent Code of Conduct New Castle County Head Start, Inc. Organizational Chart Board of Directors Policy Council Executive Director Controller Assistant Controller Program Coordinator Program Coordinator Center Coordinator ...
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...A. BACKGROUND LAW ................................................................................. 966 B. APPLICATION IN SHAPING CASES .............................................................. 969 C. ROOM FOR REGULATION .......................................................................... 971 III. WHAT IS REALLY WRONG WITH MEDICAL AND SURGICAL SHAPING OF CHILDREN? ............................................................................................................ 973 A. THE NONSUBORDINATION PRINCIPLE AS A LIMIT ON INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS 974 B. CHILDREN AS PERSONS, PARENTAL RIGHTS ............................................. 977 C. MEDICAL AND SURGICAL SHAPING OF CHILDREN IS DIFFERENT ............... 981 IV. CONCERNING THE CHILD: ANOTHER VIEW OF PARENTHOOD ........................... 985 A. ALTERNATIVE MODELS ............................................................................ 987 B. COMMON PRINCIPLES ............................................................................... 991 V. RECONSTRUCTING THE ROLE OF THE PARENT IN MEDICAL DECISION MAKING FOR CHILDREN...
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...some students who are disadvantaged or even behind the slow performing ones who are not yet recognized. These types are often labelled by diagnosticians as students “At Risk.” From the term itself, it indicates potential exceptionalities that may possibly arise. The main difficulty that could possibly be anticipated among the so called “At Risk” students is the misleading concepts towards them. Most teachers would take them as regular students and some may call them “slow learners,” “out of school” or even “worse performing pupils.” Since the existence of these types of learners is arising, the need for special program for this exceptionality is also increasing. However, most stakeholders in education, teachers and parents won’t pay too much attention on it which leads to the suffering of each “At Risk” students. Experiencing such kind of learners are truly challenging for a...
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...application we strongly advise that you keep a copy for your records. There are 10 steps in the citizenship application process. Step 1 Eligibility – ensure that you meet the eligibility criteria Step 2 Residence requirement – check that you meet the residence requirement Step 3 Read the citizenship test resource book Australian Citizenship: Our Common Bond for the information you need to prepare for the citizenship test Step 4 Original documents – gather your original documents and have copies certified Step 5 Complete your application form Step 6 Lodge your application form with your nearest office of the Department of Immigration and Citizenship (the department) 1300t Step 1 – Eligibility You should use this form if you meet the general eligibility criteria for Australian citizenship, that is, you: • are aged 18 years or over and under 60 • are a migrant who is a permanent resident • satisfy the residence requirement (see Step 2) • are likely to reside, or to continue to reside, in Australia or to maintain a close and continuing association with Australia, and • are of good character. The Citizenship Wizard on the citizenship website can help you check your eligibility. New Zealand citizens Special eligibility conditions apply for New Zealand citizens who arrived in Australia before 26 February 2001 (see New Zealand citizens on page 8). Children Step 7 Attend your citizenship appointment – bring your original...
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