...Tyranny is what causes horrible human beings. Dictatorship has created human killing machines that destroy human rights. The government has decided to come up with a new plan to prevent tyranny. They threw out the idea of the Articles Of Confederation and came up with the Constitution. The Constitution is what guards against tyranny and limits the powers that tyranny had given to people. This document was written on September 17, 1787 in Philadelphia. It was written to give citizens certain basic rights, but people started building up questions on why the government had come up with another document. So the question is, how did the Constitution guard against tyranny? Tyranny is the absolute power belonging to an individual or group. Many people...
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...With a broken system in place, why was it important that a group of wealthy, white men from the thirteen original states, except for Rhode Island, frame a government that would be strong enough to serve the new nation, but not create any form of tyranny? The first constitution, The Articles of Confederation, was an agreement among all thirteen states that was drafted on July 12, 1776 and completed its formal ratification in March of 1781. It allowed thirteen states to set up central organizations to oversee the domestic and foreign affairs, but many believed it was not working and needed to be changed. In the summer of 1787, the group of men, including James Madison, gathered at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia because they were concerned about the future of the nation. The Articles of Confederation was intended to discourage oppression, but failed to accomplish this because it lacked a chief executive, a court system, and the central government could not force a state pay taxes. James Madison was primarily concerned with how they framed the document to assure that tyranny did not have a chance to resurface. They drafted the new constitution in hopes that it would keep the country from falling apart. James Madison and his fellow delegates framed the constitution to protect the country from tyranny by any one individual, group of individuals, branch, or level of government from gaining too much power by including the areas of Federalism, separation of powers...
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...When the Constitution was created in 1787 at the Philadelphia convention, the Founders intended to create an alternative government different from the previous monarchical government under the British. One of the key goals of the Constitution was to safeguard against the creation of a tyrannical government, which is why several blockades were created to prevent the accumulation of power in the hands of an individual. James Madison, in particular, mentions the vital necessity of having safeguards to protect the nation against the rise of populist demagogues. Though individuals such as Huey Long and Donald Trump have made some headway in the political arena, they never posed a serious threat of seizing unencumbered political power that a populist...
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...S. Mass Shootings”). Gun control activists believe that removing or radically altering the 2nd amendment will solve America’s issue of gun violence, but doing so is not the answer. Citizens have the right to own guns, most importantly, for self-defense. A national survey found that forty-eight percent of gun owners own a gun primarily for protection (“Why Own a Gun?”). Our for-fathers would not be in favor of the act of taking away Americans’ rights to protect themselves. The founders of our Constitution had our best interest in mind and America should stand firm to these founding principles. Amendment II reads, “A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.” The exact meaning of this amendment is debatable due to strict versus loose interpretation. It is questionable whether the second amendment protects the right of all individuals to bear arms or if it only protects the right of states to maintain a militia organization, such as the National Guard (“To Keep and Bear Arms”). A more loose construction of the constitution would imply that the Second Amendment does indeed protect the individual’s private ownership of firearms. Although gun violence is a major issue, taking away one’s right to own a gun will not be sufficient in preventing shootings. Even if guns were to become illegal to own, someone who has their heart and mind set on harming a group of people will find...
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...the gunman died, many persons were of the opinion that such an incident could have been avoided through effective gun control measures. However, the issue of gun control is a very sensitive topic in the American society. Many Americans view control gun legislation and policies as an attempt to refute and violate a constitutionally enshrined liberty, which guarantees them a right to own a gun. This liberty to own and possess firearms stems from the Second Amendment which many believe affords the ordinary citizen the right to be armed. On the contrary, there is the other sector of American society who argues that the Second Amendment does not afford or protect and such a right. Moreover, members of this group also argue that if the Constitution does in fact afford such a right it needs to be revisited or repealed since it is not applicable to the present American society. Both sides of the spectrum are heavily represented by influential lobby organization and political action committees which challenge, or support the implementation of new gun legislations or the revising of existing ones. For instance, Handgun Control Inc. also known as the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence is one of the largest gun control lobbying organizations in the U.S. This organization and its influential PAC, seek stricter gun...
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...Senior Research Project: Is the right to bear arms ethical? Lucas Van Duyn Senior Seminar: Business Ethics Dr. Jewe July 31, 2012 Introduction to the Project: In the United States, research into firearms and violent crime is fraught with difficulties, associated with limited data on gun ownership and use, firearms markets, and aggregation of crime data. Research studies into gun violence have primarily taken one of two approaches: case-control studies and social ecology. Gun ownership is usually determined through surveys, proxy variables, and sometimes with production and import figures. In statistical analysis of homicides and other types of crime, which are rare events, these data tend to have poison distributions, which also presents methodological challenges to researchers. (Just Facts, 2010) Americans own an estimated 270 million firearms, approximately 90 guns for every 100 people. In 2009, guns took the lives of 31,347 Americans in homicides, suicides and unintentional shootings. This is the equivalent of more than 85 deaths each day and more than three deaths each hour. 66,769 Americans were treated in hospital emergency departments for non-fatal gunshot wounds in 2009. Firearms were the third-leading cause of injury-related deaths nationwide in 2009, following poisoning and motor vehicle accidents. Between 1955 and 1975, the Vietnam War killed over 58,000 American soldiers – less than the number of civilians killed with guns in the U.S. in an average...
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...obtain a proper solution. So in the interest of clarifying this subject of which is right and proper, whether it is the Private ownership of guns or the prohibitions of guns (or if the answer lies somewhere in the middle) is truly right for the country; enter the debate. As to reasons in support of pro-guns ownership for private citizens, comes from one of the founding fathers Thomas Jefferson (n.d.) who eloquently stated “The strongest reason for the people to retain the right to keep and bear arms is, as a last resort, to protect themselves against tyranny in government." He also said," No free man shall ever be debarred the use of arms.” This belief was not his alone but that of all the founding fathers. This belief was so strong that this intent of private ownership of guns was second only to the freedom of religion and speech, and was incorporated into the Bill of Rights in the country’s Constitution. The 2nd Amendment of the Constitution State (1791)”A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a Free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.” However, there...
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...history, citizens of the US have used firearms to protect the nation, protect their families, and to hunt for food. In the United States, gun control is an issue that has both sides firmly imbedded in their beliefs. The parties in favor of gun ownership and the right to keep and bear arms rely on the fact that provisions for such rights are protected by the Constitution. No legitimate study in the US has ever shown that gun control has any positive impact on crime. Society benefits from firearms in the hands of responsible citizens. In this time of turmoil and growing violence, gun advocates feel more than ever that their position is justified. The issue of gun control continues to remain a controversy. A large number of citizens believe that if gun acts are strictly enforced, that violence and the threat of crime will reduce everywhere. On the other hand, a large amount of society feels that they deserve the right to bear arms and will stop at nothing to protect their second amendment. The challenging issue of gun control takes a harmonizing act of extreme measures. Weighing the rights and liberties for each individual against the welfare and safety of the public is a risky balancing act. Attempts to keep firearms away from these citizens do more harm than good. People believe that the banning of guns is the way to save lives, this statement is incorrect. One example that clearly comes to mind is the Prohibition Act of 1920, we see how well that worked It most certainly didn’t...
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...Debate: http://www.debate.org/opinions/should-guns-be-banned-in-america Pro: Why Guns Should Be Banned in the U.S. Kevin Ngo Opinion Editor February 20, 2013 Filed under Opinion If guns make us safer, America should be the safest place on earth. We have more guns per capita than any other place in the world, but we are clearly not the safest country on earth. Guns have brought nothing to Americans except harm and heartbreak. It is unfortunate that a tragedy, such as the shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary, has to occur in order for anything to be done to place a ban on guns. President Obama has proposed a plan to have thorough background checks on those who purchase guns, and prohibit the purchase of armor piercing bullets, along with magazines with a capacity larger than ten bullets. The National Rifle Association believes that their rights are being taken away completely, but this isn’t true. The Second Amendment of the United States Constitution states: “A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed.” A more modern interpretation is required. That, like the First Amendment, the freedom of speech and press, is not an absolute right. There is also a key portion of the amendment that states, “In well regulated militia.” Any assualt-type weapon, regardless of whether it’s for hunting or not, needs to be banned, along with large capacity magazines. An assault-type weapon...
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...French Revolution AOS 1 Revs Revision Notes – Part I AOS 1 – French Revolution Index: 1. PRE REVOLUTION FRANCE a. France in the 18th Century b. Power and Limitations of the King c. Privilege and its Spread d. Frances Taxes (How and What) e. The Estates 2. IDEAS, INPUTS AND CAUSES a. Very Short List of Causes of the Revolution b. Shift to Sensibility c. American Revolution Input d. The Liberal Economic Theory (Physiocracy) e. The Philosophes 3. FINANCIAL CRISIS AND MANAGEMENT a. Frances Financial Crisis b. Frances Finance Ministers (Comptroller-General) c. Compte Rendu d. Parlements and Their Role e. Assembly of Notables and Their Role 4. EVENTS PRECEEDING AND DURING EXILE AND RECALL OF PARLEMENTS a. Ségur Ordinance b. Diamond Necklace Affair c. Eden Treaty d. Calling of the Assembly of Notables e. The Dutch Crisis (Spring 1787) f. Last Chance with the Notables g. Notables Dissolved h. Attempts to Pass Reforms at the Parlements i. Exile and Recall of the Parlements j. Society of Thirty 5. EVENTS PRECEEDING CALL OF ESTATES GENERAL a. The Reduction of Parlement’s Rights b. The Day of Tiles (Grenoble) c. The Famine of 1788 d. The Calling of the Estates-General 6. ESTATES-GENERAL ...
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...associated with America's Civil Rights movement if only because the main 'points' happened after his presidency - Montgomery, Little Rock, Birmingham, the careers of Martin Luther Kingand Stokely Carmichael. However, some very important civil rights issues were covered in his presidency. Truman’s ancestors had owned slaves. His first recollection of African Americans was a household servants within his family - and he did not come from a prosperous family. While he was dating his future wife Bess, she claimed that he told her that he felt that one person was as good as any other as long as they were not black. He also criticised the Chinese in America, the Jews - to whom he referred to as "Kikes" and the Italians in America who he called "wops". Hence, Truman’s background produced what one would have expected and the young Truman would have had the same views as most other youths in Independence. When he got involved in politics at an early age, he did what any aspiring politician did in the South, he paid $10 to join the KKK. Public office changed Truman. Why? Did he feel that America could not claim to be the democratic capital of the world while African Americans were treated thus? Or were his motives political? The African American population was big enough to have some political clout. Was he out to fish for their votes with his adoption of the civil rights cause? Truman and civil rights legislation: Before he became president, Truman show demonstrated that he had some...
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...on French history and more broadly throughout Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed within three years. French society underwent an epic transformation, as feudal, aristocratic and religious privileges evaporated under a sustained assault from radical left-wing political groups, masses on the streets, and peasants in the countryside.[1] Old ideas about tradition and hierarchy regarding monarchs, aristocrats, and the Catholic Church were abruptly overthrown by new principles of Liberté, égalité, fraternité (liberty, equality and fraternity). The royal houses across Europe were horrified and led a countercrusade that by 1814 had restored the old monarchy, but many major reforms became permanent. So too did antagonisms between the supporters and enemies of the Revolution, who fought it out politically over the next two centuries. Amidst a fiscal crisis, the common people of France...
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...or organizations who unite to actively support or defend an idea, usually to influence policies or resource allocations through media campaigns, public presentations, publicity, and legislative lobbying efforts; GROUP WHO TRY TO RAISE AWARENESS AND INFLUENCE POLITICS AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION advocacy groups are broader. interest groups are more specific. for example an environmental group would be an advocacy group and a group to save the rainforest would be an interest group. Amicus Curiae - “Friend of the Court.” A brief filed in a lawsuit by an individual or group that is not party to the lawsuit but that has an interest in the outcome. SOMEONE, NOT BELONGING TO ANY PARTY, VOLUNTEERS TO OFFER INFORMATION TO ASSIST IN A CASE, WHICH IS WHY IT MEANS FRIEND OF THE COURT Astroturf - refers to political, advertising or public relations campaigns that are designed to mask the sponsors of the message to give the appearance of coming from a disinterested, grassroots participant (i.e. fake grassroots); FAKE GRASS/FAKE SUPPORT; OPPOSITE OF GRASSROOTS; Creating the impression of public support by paying people in the public to pretend to be supportive. Bundling - A tactic in which PACs collect contributions from like-minded individuals (each limited to $2000) and present them to a candidate or political party as a “bundle,” thus increasing the PAC’s influence. Checkbook Membership- send in money to be a member A checkbook member is when a person tends to join groups but do little...
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...This paper critically assesses the Republican and Democrat points of views on the two issues, and draws a conclusion to the legitimacy of gun centralization, better known as gun control. Ethical Dilemma Research Paper Gun Rights and the Legitimacy of Gun Centralization Gun control has been the highlight of the news lately. Politicians and caring people all across the United States have seen the tragic events, such as the Sandy Hook shooting, and are now demanding a government takeover of firearms. The dilemma occurs within the right-left political paradigm, two differing ideologies, where the labeled “left” are strongly for gun control, and the labeled “right” are strongly against it. Background In order to be able to discover the truths behind the cause for gun centralization’s inception, and whether it created the crimeless paradise it claims to be able to birth, history must be the first place to look. It is absolutely necessary to be informed of history, for all who study it shall learn from the mistakes of those before them, but those who...
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...Rizal’s Nationalist Project: An Analysis of his Major Works Alvin Campomanes University of the Philippines-Diliman University of Asia and the Pacific This study guide aims to: provide a historical background of Rizal’s major works – (Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, his Annotation of Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, Sobre la Indolencia de los Filipinos and Filipinas Dentro de Cien Años; critically analyze the content of these works; explain the relationship of the ideas contained in these works in order to understand Rizal’s concept of nation, nationhood, and nationalism But before we proceed, here is an overview of Rizal’s life-history 1861-1882 birth, childhood in Calamba, studies in Biñan and Ateneo, execution of the GOMBURZA, imprisonment of Doña Teodora, encounter with police brutality, discrimination in the literary competition of the Liceo Artistico-Literario (where he won first prize for his El Consejo de los Dioses) 1882-1887 trip to Europe, education at the Universidad Central de Madrid, growth of his nationalism, El Amor Patrio (1882), brindis (speech) in honor of Juan Luna and Felix Resureccion Hidalgo (1884), publication of the Noli Me Tangere (1887). 1887-1888 According to historian Floro Quibuyen, the Calamba Hacienda Case was a turning point in Rizal’s life – it marked the beginning of his radicalization; a critical examination of his correspondences reveals a subversive Rizal – a separatist 1888-1892 second trip...
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