...organizing your thoughts. A research proposal is NOT a project to be thrown together in one night with ideas off the top of your head. Thus, one might say that the research proposal is a second step, following the selection of a broad topic. The actual proposal will indicate what analytical question you wish to address. The foundation of a good research paper is a good research question. Just a tree needs a good root system to grow to be strong, a good research paper needs a good analytical question. What does "analytical" mean? An analytical question can take different forms and no one form is necessarily better than others. What all analytical questions have in common is the fact that they are not merely descriptive. That is, an analytical question moves beyond the "what" and explores the "how," and the "why." A good analytical research paper will use "the what" as part of the answer to "the why." But it is obligatory to address a question beyond the "what." For example, a descriptive paper would ask: "What was Gorbachev's economic perestroika policies?" An analytical paper would ask: "Why did Gorbachev's economic perestroika policies fail?" As part of the paper, you would then review what the policies were, but then you would go beyond that description. The specific parts of the research proposal are as follows: 1. Statement of the question your paper will answer. Again, remember, the point of your paper is to explain something. 2. Brief literature review in which you review...
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...What do you learn from Elisabeth Hyde’s article about where she has been and what she has been doing? She describes the trip as a ‘Disneyland’ like experience, emphasizing how she found it scary, yet ‘exhilarating’. “We were a mixed group: our fellow passengers ranged from our thirteen year old twin daughters to a couple in their mid-70s …” This shows that you don’t have to be young to do courageous things and that the trip can be enjoyed by people of any age. ‘One of the most spectacular environments on earth’, we can infer that the group would share a range of fantastic memories ‘screaming with the thrill of the rafting experience’. She describes the different geological features in detail with a comprehensive knowledge of the rock formation. Furthermore, she paints a picture in the reader’s mind of the ‘roller-coaster’ ride of the rapids where the passengers ‘perched on the side tubes’, adding a sense of danger. “Tightest packing system I had ever seen.” This shows us that there was no possible way of ejecting off the raft, therefore it couldn’t be possible to break ‘Ed’s rules’ but somehow she manages to do so. Therefore we learn that she is a rule breaker a ‘rebel’. Explain how the headline, sub-headline and picture are effective and how they link with the text? The large, bold title, “Fearsome Tyrannosaurus rex Sue may of died of a sore throat.” The element of humour plays a strong part in this title, along with the contradicting ideas of this dinosaur being fearsome...
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...Secondary Research- information that has already been reported by others Primary Research- Firsthand data such as observational studies, experimental research (taking 2 equal samples and adding a variable to 1.), Normative Studies (surveys, questionnaires,) or Sampling (not taking 100% of population). All research needs to be valid and reliable. (3) Secondary: Don’t collect too much secondary data. Be concise. Read articles rapidly, from memory list main points, review the article to double check. Use either direct quotation or paraphrasing. Primary: Surveys should be easy to follow, logical sequence, appealing, single answer, provide all of the above in MC, avoid threating questions. Mail- Inexpensive, reach wide #, allows anonymity---could get low response rate, not good for detailed info Personal Interviews-in depth, personal contact----very time consuming Telephone/Email-inexpensive, rapid response, personal contact.—must be short, might exclude respondents without phones (4) Evaluate for usefulness, reduce the useful info through organization of notes and data analyisis, combine like info into tables, charts, graphs, etc, and then report the rest in written form. Do not: make results conform to a prediction or desire, hope for spectacular...
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...reactions, which can be useful). Try to read the case once at least a few hours or a day earlier, and then again when you are writing the paper. This will give you time to reflect on the issues, and to think out effective recommendations before you actually have to articulate them. * Relate your analysis and recommendations as specifically as possible to concepts of the course as presented by the textbook, cases, materials on the course web site, articles, and the various guest speakers and class discussions This is where you show what you have learned and are able to apply. * Remember that you have to make careful selections of what is most important in a case, and then develop a coherent, logical way (including useful section titles) to present your arguments using the outline below. Although you may use the guidance questions to help call your attention to interesting phenomena in the case or big issues or upcoming challenges that your recommendations should address, your paper should not be a list of answers to guidance questions. * Note that for your case analysis, you are sticking to the information and time-frame presented in the case materials you have been provided – unless the instructor or the assignment information in the schedule have specifically...
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...Optimizing Your LinkedIn Profile Contrary to popular belief, LinkedIn is not just your online resume. It can be so much more...if you take the time to use it as effectively as possible. Whether you’re a job seeker, consultant, business owner, networker—whatever— your LinkedIn Profile is a good way to give a terrific first impression. Think of it as your initial interview! Did you know that in 2011, HR and recruiting professionals plan to use LinkedIn 87% of the time to research potential candidates?1 Equally important is the fact that 70% of the time, recruiters reject candidates based on online information.2 Therefore, it’s critical to put your best foot forward and to do everything you can to raise yourself above other candidates. Follow the steps outlined in this document to optimize your LinkedIn profile. It’s very important that your LinkedIn profile matches your printed resume...to a point. The goal is to use your resume as a starting point, then go from there. If you’re not looking for a job, you still want to have your profile optimized as it’s a great business tool. Also, nearly 58% of HR and recruiting professionals reported that they found passive job candidates—people not actively seeking employment—via social networks (including LinkedIn).3 Basic Information For your first and last name, use your legal name. However, if you are more commonly known by a nickname, or have a former or maiden name, enter that in the “Former/Maiden Name” box. Enter your...
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...Nonfiction: Turning Thoughts into Books. Build your book by filling in this template. You do not have to begin writing at the beginning. Start by filling in any information you have at this time. Once you have filled several pages, transfer the information to your computer. Then print out the pages, 3-hole punch them and replace the old pages in the binder. This guide may be used for fiction but it is specifically designed for nonfiction books. Also see Writing Your Book. Thinking/planning, writing and deciding on publishing: Get an agent, find a publisher or publish yourself. http://parapub.com/getpage.cfm?file=resource/writing.html The New Book Model, Text. http://parapub.com/getpage.cfm?file=newbook.html The New Book Model, Audio. http://www.jackstreet.com/jackstreet/RR.Newbookmodel.cfm (Wait for the sound to load) Does this system work? Thousands of published authors say YES! See the Success Stories at http://parapub.com/successstories.cfm? © Copyright 2005, Dan Poynter Para Publishing, Dan Poynter, PO Box 8206, Santa Barbara, CA 93118-8206, USA. Tel: (805) 968-7277, Fax: (805) 968-1379, http://ParaPublishing.com (Front Cover) For a list of cover artists and URLs for examples of their work, see http://parapub.com/supplier.cfm Title: Subtitle: Author: Foreword by: . (Testimonials) Testimonials, endorsements and excerpts from reviews are being seen more and more on the first pages of softcover books. This is important sales space. Put three testimonials...
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...RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ( For Private Circulation Only) Reference: 1. Dawson, Catherine, 2002, Practical Research Methods, New Delhi, UBS Publishers’Distributors 2. Kothari, C.R.,1985, Research Methodology- Methods and Techniques, New Delhi, Wiley Eastern Limited. 3.Kumar, Ranjit, 2005, Research Methodology-A Beginners,(2nd.ed.),Singapore, Pearson Education. Step-by-Step Guide for RESEARCH: a way of examining your practice… Research is undertaken within most professions. More than a set of skills, it is a way of thinking: examining critically the various aspects of your professional work. It is a habit of questioning what you do, and a systematic examination of the observed information to find answers with a view to instituting appropriate changes for a more effective professional service. DEFINITION OF RESEARCH When you say that you are undertaking a research study to find answers to a question, you are implying that the process; 1. is being undertaken within a framework of a set of philosophies ( approaches); 2. uses procedures, methods and techniques that have been tested for their validity and reliability; 3. is designed to be unbiased and objective . Philosophies means approaches e.g. qualitative, quantitative and the academic discipline in which you have been trained. Validity means that correct procedures have been applied to find answers to a question. Reliability refers to the quality of a measurement procedure that provides repeatability and accuracy. Unbiased...
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................................................................................. 1 1 Planning your business report ........................................................... 2 1.1 What is the purpose of this report? .................................................... 2 1.2 Who are the readers of this report?..................................................... 2 1.3 What are the report’s main messages?................................................ 3 1.4 How will the messages be structured?................................................ 3 2 Structuring your business report ....................................................... 4 2.1 Covering letter/memorandum.............................................................. 4 2.2 Title Page............................................................................................. 5 2.3 Executive Summary ............................................................................ 5 2.4 Table of Contents................................................................................. 5 2.5 Introduction ......................................................................................... 6 2.6 Conclusions/recommendations ............................................................ 6 2.7 Findings and discussion........................................................................ 8 2.8 References............................................................................................. 8 2.9 Appendices ......
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...you cannot select an advisor or the person selected by you is not available, please consult the Program Director or the Chief Academic Officer. Please get a printed synopsis of the MBA Internship Report requirements from the Admissions and Records Office. If you decide to change your advisor or switch from BA 398 to BA 399, you need to register again and get approval from the Chief Academic Officer. 4. STUDENT’S SIGNATURE (Student’s Signature and Date) 5. I AGREE TO REVIEW AND GRADE THE REPORT. (Advisor’s Signature and Date) BA 398 6. ARE YOU CHANGING YOUR ADVISOR OR INTERNSHIP? _____YES _____NO If “NO”, please get your advisor’s signature (#5), and submit this form to the Program Director or the Chief Academic Officer. If “YES”, please schedule an appointment for approval of change(s) to your selected advisor and/or the internship company, fill in this form, get the necessary signatures (#5 and #6b), and then submit this form to the Program Director or the Chief Academic Officer. a. WHO IS YOUR CURRENT ADVISOR AND WHY DO YOU INTEND TO SWITCH ADVISORS? b. I AGREE TO RELEASE THE STUDENT TO ANOTHER ADVISOR. (Signature and Date) c. I DO NOT AGREE TO RELEASE THE STUDENT TO ANOTHER...
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...Chapter I Introduction A. Background of the Study A browser is software application that provides a way to look at and interact with all the information on the World Wide Web (Goertz, 2001). It uses HTTP to submit requests of web servers over the Internet on behalf of the browser user. Web browser is use for retrieving and presenting information resources identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) that may be video, image, web page, or other kinds of content. It can also be used to access information provided by web servers in private networks or files in file systems. There has been a virtual explosion of browsers which are designed according to their operating system and others, target specific users such as those majoring on social networking. There are also clones of established browsers such as Firefox and Google Chrome which seek to improve on the original by being “leaner” of offering different features (Anonymous, 2011). According to Bowler (2009) the browser world have spent time focusing on delivering their product to multiple OS. This helps them build many of the browsers such as Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Opera, Internet Explorer and Safari. Mozilla started from scratch — Firefox was the result. And now users have no shortage of browsers to choose from, partly due to the work of the Mozilla foundation. the first full point release of Mozilla’s popular open-source Web browser in nearly three years, combines user-interface, performance and Web-standards...
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...Lay out Tips | Carla Ballatan | Effective Lay-outing for Newsletters If you're thinking that plotting a plan for something as simple as a newsletter is very elementary then you're dead wrong. It takes more than just your basic ABC's to create a truly effective newsletter that can stir a response from your target readers. | The making of an effective newsletter takes careful planning. Writing, designing and printing a piece would take time and effort since these can't be done in an instant. But your effort may all be put to waste if you do not have an appealing layout. Mind you, some readers are very particular with the layout presentation in order to get them interested in browsing on. Newsletters may be judged by content design and layout. No matter how good your content may be, if your layout is not appealing enough for the reader, they might not look on another moment. Everyone is not born with the talent of creative, high quality layouts that are pleasing to the eye. But there are several important and basic things to know in order to improve your newsletter layout. Keep it simple but eye-catching. Use basic but noticeable graphics. PC Software and hardware may be utilized to achieve a desired effect that will not border into hopeless complicated graphics. You can create and derive graphics from a variety of programs like Illustrator, Photoshop and others. You can get some stock illustrations from Dynamic Graphics and subscribe to two monthly services: Electronic...
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...Business and Public Administration Department of Management Assignment Guide Lines on Research Methods for Management PROPOSAL ASSIGNMENT Course code: MGMT 362 Instructor: Abera D. Proposal Outline Each group needs to prepare a paper of at least 15 pages and not more than 20 pages on any of the business areas. It is the duty of the group to add some relevant sub-topics to be included in the report. In fact, your instructor believes that an exemplary group will have gone through various literatures by the time it needs to distinguish the relevant sub-topics from the irrelevant ones, and will be better informed of the essential sub-topics to be addressed. Hence, the evaluation includes, among other things, assessment of the extent to which issues presented in the report neatly fit with the major topic. Moreover, the group shall identify a real organization and report about the practice of the organization with respect to the research topic given in the proposal topic’’ The structure of a research proposal’’ as hereunder sub-topic 2. RESEARCH PROPOSAL 1. Introduction Research proposals are important in research. They serve many different functions. The most important function is to make explicit a reasoned argument about the need for the proposed study on practical and theoretical grounds and how it will be carried out. Other functions include: ▪ To convince other people, like other researchers, research funding agencies, educational institutions...
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...field Improve your business writing 1. Audience oriented (who is my audience) 2. Purposeful (why am I writing to you, specific wording, one thing at a time. Reader can choose which one is better if option) 3. Economical (less is more) less words is better * To improve writing skills, you need 1. To learn effective writing process 2. To study model messages 3. To practice * The writing process 1. Stage1 Analyzing(who am I writing to?) Analyzing, anticipating, adapting 2. Stage 2 Writing researching, organizing ,composing 3. Stage 3 Revising revising, proofreading ,evaluating * **Read what you wrote more than once Audience Benefits Shape your statements to involve the reader. Strive to develop the “you” view. Ask yourself: what’s in it for the reader? **You have the goal but the reader has to be benefit. Example 1: Instead of this: We are promoting a are plan that we believe has many outstanding benefits. Try this: We will enjoy total peace of mind with our affordable holiday get away plan that meets all your needs. Example 2: Instead of : Before we can allow you to purchase items on this new account, we must wait two weeks to verify your credit. Try this: You may begin making purchases on your new account in two weeks. Example 3: Instead of : I need your response immediately so that I can ask the employee vacation schedule by next week. Try this: Your quick response means your vacation schedules...
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...returning Federation University Australia (FedUni) students, to demystify referencing and provide numerous practical examples of when and how referencing should be used in your writing at FedUni. As you study, you’ll come to understand that referencing is just a set of rules that you need to follow to adequately acknowledge the work and thinking of others in your assignments. These rules are important because they allow your teachers to decide whether you’ve demonstrated that you understand the topic at hand and show that you have completed the assignment yourself. If you ignore the requirements to reference source materials in your assignment, your teacher may decide you have committed ‘plagiarism’. This means you have failed to reference according to the rules and in doing so, not demonstrated that you have used the work of others in your work. Plagiarism is a very serious matter that can result in unpleasant consequences for your studies and career. So please take the time to understand the advice we have prepared for you in this guide. Referencing is not just about following the rules; it also provides an elegant and powerful way to add weight to your arguments. Your opinions and conclusions will create more impact if they are supported by leading researchers and writers in your field. Continually improving these skills as you continue your studies will serve you well...
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...language that we use for writing essays is often more formal than the language that we use in conversation. The next four pages give you help with the more formal type of language that is usually used in writing. They give words and phrases that will help you to write your ideas clearly and naturally, and in a way that is suitable for an essay. Saying what you agree with You will first need to read the essay title carefully, and decide what you agree or disagree with about it or whether you think it is true. Use these words and phrases to say what you agree with or what you think is true about the statement: Certainly . . . It is certainly true that . . . It is certainly the case (= true) that . . . Examples: An example essay You could be asked to write many different types of essays in English during the course of your studies. These may include factual essays, descriptive essays or stories. You may also be asked to write letters, emails, reports or pages from a diary as writing exercises. The phrases below all relate to the language you might want to use in a discursive essay (= an essay in which you are asked to discuss something). The title of the example essay is: ‘Despite the increased availability of ‘healthy’ food and our greater knowledge of what makes a healthy diet, we are fatter and less healthy than ever before.’ Discuss. Before you start Make sure you understand what you are expected to do in writing the essay. If you do not understand some words, look them up in...
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