...emotional changes that students are going through. Teachers must be versed in the basis of all areas of development. Teachers have a huge responsibility to give their students a positive, enlightening classroom in which they can blossom physically, cognitively, and emotionally. A teacher that understands their students’ physical development may find it easier to identify a possible cause to a problem a child is having in school. Understanding the stages of cognitive development is of the utmost importance. Knowing a child’s starting point is essential for a teacher so they can plan the right way to help move the child through their zone of proximal development. It is a teacher’s job to promote thinking abilities in their students. By asking higher order questions a teacher will help in their cognitive development. A child’s development of personality and self-esteem is important to not only their schooling, but in their whole life. A teacher can help their students establish this personality and give them multiple ways to develop their sense of self. My purpose in this child study is to be able to analyze an individual child’s physical, emotional, and cognitive development and determine how the changes she is going through will affect her learning and behavior. Making my decision on which child to study was not an easy one. I sat with Kimberly Mach, a sixth grade language arts teacher at Memorial Middle School who has become a mentor for me in my internship. We discussed the child...
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...Starving Students Children of all ages need an extra boost of energy during school hours. It is not uncommon that kids do not eat our school's lunch or breakfast. Even some kids in our school will not get enough food at home. Students need vending machines because it provides them to have more energy and to know that they will get food. Having vending machines will help students become healthier, energetic, and have more students participate in class. Here is a graph that shows what kids will need each day for nutrition depending on the activities they do. Like you can see in the graph kids in our school would either be known as somewhat active or very active. The reason is because students at Hampton-Dumont Middle School get Physical Education every other day. Also fourth through sixth graders get recess...
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...Chapter I Introduction Obesity rates have increased dramatically for all population groups in the United States over the last several decades, (Blackburn, 2005). It is a very serious issue which can lead to both health and social consequences attributing to the major deficits as an adult. Obesity is an excess of body fat. Body Mass Index is a popular method of defining a healthy weight versus being underweight, overweight or obese. Body Mass Index should be used as a guide, along with waist size, to help estimate the amount of body fat a person has. A Body Mass Index of 25 to 29.9 is considered overweight and a Body Mass Index of 30 or above is considered obese. Obesity can shorten your life and put you at risk of developing a number of serious health conditions. These are, but not limited to high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease and some forms of cancer. It has also been noted that health risks are higher for youth who are obese, and the risks happens to increase as the degree of obesity increases. Youth who carry extra weight around their waist, rather than in their legs and thighs, are more likely to experience health problems caused by obesity. However, parents, the community, and schools can make a huge difference when it comes to preventing and solving the problems of overweight and obesity in adolescent. Physical education has been part of the educational curriculum for nearly 200 years. The physical education curriculum is designed to allow students to experience...
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...The Damaging Effects of Bullying, Why It Needs to Stop, and How to Stop It There are many problems in our school system today, but the number one problem, in my opinion, is bullying. “An Analysis of School Anti-Bullying Laws in the United States,” written by Maryellen Kueny and Perry Zirkel, states that “bullying has been a persistent problem in middle level and high schools.” According to Kueny and Zirkel’s article, “an early national study found that among sixth through twelfth graders, 56% of students witnessed bullying and 71% know of a peer who is being bullied.” In the same article mentioned before, “a study of bullying in American schools found 86% of students in grade 6 through 10 engaged in bullying sometimes or more frequently.” As you can see bullying plays a big role in our school systems today and causes many problems not just for the student being bullied but for the bullies themselves. Bullying should be put to an end because it causes damage to those who are bullied and the bullies, as well. Physical bullying, verbal bullying, convert or hidden bullying, and cyberbully are the four main types of bullying. Out of the four types, verbal bullying and cyberbullying are the most common. Verbal bullies use words to harm others through name-calling, insulting, making racist comments, or harsh teasing. Cyberbullying can happen at any time. The Alannah and Madeline Foundation says that cyberbullying includes: “abusive or hurtful texts, emails, posts, images or videos...
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...Boundaries This community is comprised of school-aged children ranging from kindergarten and lasting up until sixth grade. The phenomological community is represented in the fact that the community members are all considered to be in elementary school. The community is made up of children with and without special needs and learning disabilities. These children live in the geopolitical area of Bell Road to the 101 Freeway, and between 19th Avenue and 25th Avenue. This area is the pre-determined area set forth by the county to represent the appropriate amount of households for the school size. The community expands and shrinks as students move into or out of this plotted area. They represent people who are mostly Caucasian and Hispanic, but there is a blend of Slavic and Middle Eastern community members. Many of the community members live in apartments or other grouped housing, and has the ability to interact outside of school as well. Assumptions The main assumptions of the community include that some of the children will be poorly educated because of the community in which it resides. It is also assumed that these children are not going to be eager about school, particularly high school and college because the percent of bachelor level families is very low in this area. It is also assumed that a good majority of the students live in difficult situations at home, and probably have two parents that work in order to make ends meet. Either that, or the families just rely completely...
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... The Spark Study Americans have increasingly become sedentary, non-active people. This results in obesity, an alarming rise in type two diabetes, attention deficit problems, heart disease, and chronic depression in both adults and now is an epidemic in children. This book explains why physical activity especially aerobic activity is crucial to the way our brains learn, affect mood, depression, stress and attention. In Chapter one of “Spark, The Revolutionary New Science Of Exercise And The Brain”, shows how exercise improves brain functioning. A revolutionary case study was performed in a school district outside of Chicago. Naperville Central High School in Illinois transformed nineteen thousand students into very healthy and fit students with only 3 percent overweight versus 30 percent overweight nationally (Ratey & Hagerman, 2008). The students are also among the smartest in the nation. In 1999 Naperville’s eighth graders took an international standards test: Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS). Asian countries have out performed United States of American students in math and science for many years. As stated in the New York Times, most Asian countries score well, almost half of the students score in the top, while only 7 percent of U. S. students do (Ratey & Hagerman, 2008). The children from Naperville, Illinois took the TIMSS and astonished the world. They scored sixth in math, and first in Science in the world (Ratey...
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...Educational Psychology: Developing Learners This is a protected document. Please enter your ANGEL username and password. Username: Password: Login Need assistance logging in? Click here! If you experience any technical difficulty or have any technical questions, please contact technical support during the following hours: M-F, 6am-12am MST or Sat-Sun, 7am-12am MST by phone at (800) 800-9776 ext. 7200 or submit a ticket online by visiting http://help.gcu.edu. Doc ID: 1009-0001-191D-0000191E DEVELOPING LEARNERS JEANNE ELLIS ORMROD Professor Emerita, University of Northern Colorado EIGHTH EDITION ISBN 1-256-96292-9 Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City São Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Educational Psychology: Developing Learners, Eighth Edition, by Jeanne Ellis Ormrod. Published by Pearson. Copyright © 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. Vice President and Editorial Director: Jeffery W. Johnston Vice President and Publisher: Kevin Davis Editorial Assistant: Lauren Carlson Development Editor: Christina Robb Vice President, Director of Marketing: Margaret Waples Marketing Manager: Joanna Sabella Senior Managing Editor: Pamela D. Bennett Project Manager: Kerry Rubadue Senior Operations Supervisor: Matthew Ottenweller Senior Art Director: Diane Lorenzo Text Designer: Candace Rowley Cover Designer:...
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...Flipped by Wendelin Van Draanen More praise for FLIPPED: “We flipped over this fantastic book, its gutsy girl Juli and its wise, wonderful ending.” —The Chicago Tribune “Delightful! Delicious! And totally teen.” —BookPage * “With a charismatic leading lady kids will flip over, a compelling dynamic between the two narrators and a resonant ending, this novel is a great deal larger than the sum of its parts.” —Publishers Weekly, Starred “A wonderful, light-hearted novel.” —Library Talk “This is a wry character study, a romance with substance and subtlety.” —Booklist “A highly agreeable romantic comedy.” —Kirkus Reviews Dedicated with infinite love to Colton and Connor, who make me feel like so much more than the sum of my parts. Special thanks to… my husband, Mark Parsons, who helps me feel the magic, and my excellent editor, Nancy Siscoe, for her care and insight (and for making me stick to a reduced-filler diet). Also, eternal gratitude to Tad Callahan and Patricia Gabel, who were on the ball when we needed it most. Finally, thanks to Jeanne Madrid and the staff at Casa De Vida—may you keep the spirit. CONTENTS Diving Under Flipped Buddy, Beware! The Sycamore Tree Brawk-Brawk-Brawk! The Eggs Get a Grip, Man The Yard Looming Large and Smelly The Visit The Serious Willies The Dinner Flipped The Basket Boys Diving Under All I've ever wanted is for Juli Baker to leave me alone. For her to back off — you know, just give me some space. It all started the summer before...
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...predictable associations were found between scores on the observation measure, on the one hand, and teachers’ self-reported practices, teaching goals, relationships with children, and perceptions of children’s ability to be self-directed learners, on the other. © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Keywords: Early childhood; Classroom observation; Teaching; ECCOM; Measure 1. Introduction Political and public concerns about improving education have been fueled recently by reports highlighting the number of students, particularly from economically disadvantaged homes, who fail to achieve minimum academic standards. The National Center for Educational Statistics (2002), for example, reported that over half of fourth graders in urban districts are unable to read at a basic level. In response to data on both the overall level of American children’s academic skills and the significant gap between economically disadvantaged and middle-class children, the “no child left behind” federal legislation and other state accountability policies have created considerable...
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...means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400, fax 978-646-8600, or on the Web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, 201-748-6011, fax 201-748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a professional where appropriate. Neither the publisher nor author shall be liable for any...
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...Outliers THE S T O R Y OF S U C C E S S MALCOLM G LAD W E L L # 1 bestselling author of The Tipping Point and Blink $27.99 $ 3 0 . 9 9 in C a n a d a Why d o s o m e p e o p l e succeed far more than others? T h e r e is a story that is usually told a b o u t extremely successful p e o p l e , a story that focuses o n intelligence a n d ambition. In Outliers Malcolm Gladwell a r g u e s that the true story o f s u c c e s s is very different, a n d that if we want to u n d e r s t a n d h o w s o m e p e o p l e thrive, we s h o u l d s p e n d m o r e time l o o k i n g around them — at s u c h things as their family, their birthplace, or even their birth d a t e . T h e story o f s u c c e s s is m o r e c o m p l e x — a n d a lot m o r e interesting — than it initially a p p e a r s . Outliers e x p l a i n s w h a t the B e a t l e s a n d Bill G a t e s have in c o m m o n , the e x t r a o r d i n a r y s u c c e s s o f A s i a n s at m a t h , the h i d d e n a d v a n t a g e s o f star athletes, why all t o p N e w York lawyers have the s a m e r é s u m é , a n d the r e a s o n y o u ' v e never h e a r d o f the w o r l d ' s s m a r t e s t m a n — all in terms o f g e n eration, family, c u l t u r e , a n d c l a s s . It matters w h a t year y o u were b o r n if y o u want to b e a S i l i c o n Valley billionaire, G l a d w e l l a r g u e s , a n d it matters w h e r e y o u w e r e b o r n if y o u want to b e a s u c cessful p i l o t . T...
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...This book has been optimized for viewing at a monitor setting of 1024 x 768 pixels. MADE TO STICK random house a new york MADE TO STICK Why Some Ideas Survive and Others Die • • • C H I P H E AT H & D A N H E AT H Copyright © 2007 by Chip Heath and Dan Heath All rights reserved. Published in the United States by Random House, an imprint of The Random House Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc., New York. Random House and colophon are registered trademarks of Random House, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Heath, Chip. Made to stick : why some ideas survive and others die / Chip Heath & Dan Heath p. cm. Includes index. eISBN: 978-1-58836-596-5 1. Social psychology. 2. Contagion (Social psychology). 3. Context effects (Psychology). I. Heath, Dan. II. Title. HM1033.H43 2007 302'.13—dc22 2006046467 www.atrandom.com Designed by Stephanie Huntwork v1.0 To Dad, for driving an old tan Chevette while putting us through college. To Mom, for making us breakfast every day for eighteen years. Each. C O N T E N T S INTRODUCTION WHAT STICKS? 3 Kidney heist. Movie popcorn. Sticky = understandable, memorable, and effective in changing thought or behavior. Halloween candy. Six principles: SUCCESs. The villain: Curse of Knowledge. It’s hard to be a tapper. Creativity starts with templates. CHAPTER 1 SIMPLE 25 Commander’s Intent. THE low-fare airline. Burying the lead and the inverted pyramid. It’s the...
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...Rewards In which we learn of the ferocity of Wall Street lawyers; of how to—and how not to—buy presents and give compliments; of a grumpy gorilla, a grudging panda, and a truculent teenager (the author); of gambling, pencil chewing, falling in love with heels, and other bad habits; of how to reform a scolding teacher or a crabby boss without their knowing what you've done; and more. 2—Shaping: Developing Super Performance Without Strain or Pain How to conduct an opera; how to putt; how to handle a bad report card. Parlor games for trainers. Notes on killer whales, Nim Chimpsky Zen, Gregory Bateson, the Brearley School, why cats get stuck in trees, and how to train a chicken. 3—Stimulus Control: Cooperation Without Coercion Orders, commands, requests, signals, cues, and words to the wise; what works and what doesn't. What discipline isn't. Who gets obeyed and why. How to stop yelling at your kids. Dancing, drill teams, music, martial arts, and other recreational uses of stimulus control. 4—Untraining: Using Reinforcement to Get Rid of Behavior You Don't Want Eight methods of getting rid of behavior you don't want, from messy roommates to barking dogs to bad tennis to harmful addictions, starting with Method 1: Shoot the Animal, which definitely works, and ending with Method 8: Change the Motivation, which is more humane and definitely works too. 5—Reinforcement in the Real World What it all means. Reading minds, coaching Olympic teams, how happiness can affect corporate profits...
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...1 EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Unit Structure 1.0 Objectives 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Sources Acquiring Knowledge 1.3 Meaning, Steps and Scope of Educational Research 1.4 Scientific Method, aims and characteristics of research as a scientific activity 1.5 Ethical considerations in Educational Research 1.6 Paradigms of Educational research 1.7 Types of Research 1.7.a Fundamental 1.7.b Applied Research 1.7.c. Action Research 1.0 OBJECTIVES : After reading this unit, you will be able to: 1 To explain the concept of Educational Research 2 To describe the scope of Educational Research 3 To state the purpose of Educational Research 4 To explain what is scientific enquiry. 5 To explain importance of theory development. 6 To explain relationship among science, education and educational research. 7 To Identity fundamental research 8 To Identity applied research 9 To Identify action research 10 To Differentiate between fundamental, applied, and action research 11 To Identify different paradigms of research 2 1.1 INTRODUCTION : Research purifies human life. It improves its quality. It is search for knowledge. If shows how to Solve any problem scientifically. It is a careful enquiry through search for any kind of Knowledge. It is a journey from known to unknown. It is a systematic effort to gain new knowledge in any kind of discipline. When it Seeks a solution of any educational problem it leads to educational...
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...Affection Lawyers, I suppose, were children once. Charles Lamb PART ONE 1 When he was nearly thirteen, my brother Jem got his arm badly broken at the elbow. When it healed, and Jem’s fears of never being able to play football were assuaged, he was seldom self-conscious about his injury. His left arm was somewhat shorter than his right; when he stood or walked, the back of his hand was at right angles to his body, his thumb parallel to his thigh. He couldn’t have cared less, so long as he could pass and punt. When enough years had gone by to enable us to look back on them, we sometimes discussed the events leading to his accident. I maintain that the Ewells started it all, but Jem, who was four years my senior, said it started long before that. He said it began the summer Dill came to us, when Dill first gave us the idea of making Boo Radley come out. I said if he wanted to take a broad view of the thing, it really began with Andrew Jackson. If General Jackson hadn’t run the Creeks up the creek, Simon Finch would never have paddled up the Alabama, and where would we be if he hadn’t? We were far too old to settle an argument with a fist-fight, so we consulted Atticus. Our father said we were both right. Being Southerners, it was a source of shame to some members of the family that we had no recorded ancestors on either side of the Battle of Hastings. All we had was Simon Finch, a fur-trapping apothecary from Cornwall whose piety was exceeded only by his stinginess. In England...
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