...ground. * Also wrote Animal Farm, a novel attacking Stalinism. * Once graduating from the university he became very interest in political matters, which led him the writing of 1984. Step 2: What is the significance of the novel’s title? Orwell originally envisioned the title to be "The Last Man in Europe." But his editor, Frederic Warburg told Orwell he should change it. Therefore it became 1984, as we know it today. But there is much speculation as to where 1984 came from. There are two ideas I learned about. 1. Orwell, in 1948, may have thought a simple, two-digit end switcheroo would be a good title. 2. Or named it after his wife’s poem, "End of the Century, 1984." What is the novel’s setting in time and place? Does setting influence characters or actions? How much time is covered in the story? * Setting Time & Place: “Airstrip One” now known as London. 1984. * The setting is the whole issue for the characters due to the fact it shows the aftermath of WWII and the impending Cold War. And the ideas of Communism were forced into the minds of all the Americans along with the secret police and the figurehead Big Brother. * “If you want a picture of the future, imagine a boot stamping on a human...
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...looked into further into through Winston Smith’s perspective. This character goes against the totalitarianism government ran by the Inner Party and Big Brother. Orwell gave a dramatic utopian and dystopian fiction book that is also political and social science fiction because Orwell often wrote about going against totalitarianism. Utopia is defined as ‘an imagined place or state of things in which everything is perfect.’ which is exactly how George Orwell portrayed Oceania to be for a majority of the citizens or Party members. Oceania’s government or Big Brother can do no wrong, especially in the eyes...
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...in which society is kept carefully balanced, with the means of reproduction just as closely controlled as the means of production. Human beings and the goods they make are tailored to one another: people are created in order to fulfil particular purposes, and are encouraged to consume so as to maintain the cycle. The society presented in 1984 is less comfortably balanced. The population is kept content with a rather meagre lot because of the constant war, which, as is explicitly stated in the Book, is a convenient means of maintaining the status quo, and the Party keeps a very close watch on those members of society who are deemed capable of disrupting it. Although set in Orwell's future, 1984 does not put great emphasis on technological advance—indeed, within the society of Oceania, there is effectively none any more, because the methods required for proper scientific enquiry are antithetical to the demands of the Party, and thus real science has been abolished. Orwell posits a certain level of technological advance—the two-way television screens and the ever-present surveillance equipment, the novel-writing machines,, but not much else. His purpose was not to imagine the details of such technologies, but to present the use to which they...
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...losing the fight. Oceania will forever be enslaved by Big Brother, due to the dependence Oceania citizens have for their government, physical and intellectual control the Party has over the people, and the inability to think against Big Brother. Government dependence will forever enslave the people of Oceania. People simply cannot live without Big Brother. Orwell writes, “a member of the Outer Party received only three thousand clothing coupons annually” (Orwell 31). The Party provides clothing for the people, thus ensuring government dependence. In the book, people work at different ministries such as the Ministry of Peace, the Ministry of Love, and the Ministry of Plenty. Big Brother is the sole employer, and, as a result, the government is the only means of support. Recreational rewards such as smut movies, cigarettes, and gin are all part of the Party’s incentives as well. They capitalize on society’s weakness to addiction. Thus, if the people wish to feed their addictions, they must obey Party rules. If people were to revolt against the Party, they lose these benefits. The Party creates these addictions to ensure the citizens compliance. Above all, the Party provides food. This guarantees dependence on the Party. Without food, there is simply no way to live; in this way, the Party ensures loyalty to Big Brother. Government dependence plays a singular role in the enslavement of Oceania. The Party’s physical control will result in eternal enslavement...
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...are separated from the stage and the actor is unaware of the audience’s presence. In contrast of representational acting, presentational is a term which use to emphasize theatricality and acknowledges the theatre as theatre. In presentational setting there is no illusion. In presentational theatre, epic stories can be told with a minimum number of actors and a few costumes and props. There are several conflicts exist in this play and I want to talk about the central conflict first. The central conflict in a play is the main problem in the story. The central conflict here is the man vs. the society, or we can say is the individual (free will) vs. government (Totalitarianism). The individual stands for Winston Smith and the government stands for the Big Brother. In the play, Winston was struggling on whether he should give up his own free will and obey Big Brother for everything or not. The government stands for Big Brother, a totalitarian...
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...The Hell of Nineteen Eighty-Four. ). Did Orwell realise quite what he had done in Nineteen Eighty-Four? His post-publication glosses on its meaning reveal either blankness or bad faith even about its contemporary political implications. He insisted, for example, that his 'recent novel [was] NOT intended as an attack on Socialism or on the British Labour Party (of which I am a supporter)'.(1) He may well not have intended it but that is what it can reasonably be taken to be. Warburg saw this immediately he had read the manuscript, and predicted that Nineteen Eighty-Four '[was] worth a cool million votes to the Conservative Party';(2) the literary editor of the Evening Standard 'sarcastically prescribed it as "required reading" for Labour Party M.P.s',(3) and, in the US, the Washington branch of the John Birch Society 'adopted "1984" as the last four digits of its telephone number'.(4) Moreover, Churchill had made the 'inseparably interwoven' relation between socialism and totalitarianism a plank in his 1945 election campaign(5) (and was not the protagonist of Nineteen Eighty-Four called Winston?). If, ten years earlier, an Orwell had written a futuristic fantasy in which Big Brother had had Hitler's features rather than Stalin's, would not the Left, whatever the writer's proclaimed political sympathies, have welcomed it as showing how capitalism, by its very nature, led to totalitarian fascism? With Nineteen Eighty-Four, it is particularly necessary to trust the tale and not...
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...You run through the nightmarish alley-ways of London, breathless and the pain is almost overwhelming; ALMOST. You still run, you run for survival, for the hope of a better future; you want to leave behind the dystopian society you came from. However, they are on your trail. Once you get caught, there is no hope. This was what life was like for the inhabitants of 1984 and V for Vendetta. It was an existence full of ironic satirical tragedies, fruitless hope and rebellion. The people that are living in George Orwell’s 1984 and Wachowski brothers’ V for Vendetta are both the victims of a dystopian society. The society of 1984 and V for Vendetta heavily influenced by the possible alternate future in which Germany and the Soviet Union wins WWII and the conquered Great Britain is forced to become a fascist or a communist state. The government is shown to be playing a manipulative puppet-master role to the people in both societies. The two governments have gained absolute power over their people due to psychological motivation by the use of propaganda. Humanity is often criticized to be nothing more than evolved Neanderthals, striving for our own survival. These two novels show that human will turn a blind eye to any wrong-doing if there is a benefit for them. It analyzes how extreme human greed can be and how humans have great amounts of weakness. Both the text 1984 and V for Vendetta is a satire that ridicules the enemy leaders of World War II, exaggerates government manipulation,...
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...Orwell had been written in a different time and place, how and why might it differ? The novel ‘1984’ by George Orwell, written in 1948, is a tragic illustration of what the world would be without the freedom to think independently. The internal context of the novel, which is set in London in 1984, whose protagonist is a rebellious low ranking party member called Winston Smith, is meant to portray a world of government domination defined by fear, hatred and ultimate control. The mode of the novel is written and the tenor is close as the story is told in limited third person. The target audience of the novel is people interested in reading and politics. Orwell wrote ‘1984’ as a warning against totalitarian tendencies and...
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...clocks were striking thirteen. Winston Smith, his chin nuzzled into his breast in an effort to escape the vile wind, slipped quickly through the glass doors of Victory Mansions, though not quickly enough to prevent a swirl of gritty dust from entering along with him. The hallway smelt of boiled cabbage and old rag mats. At one end of it a coloured poster, too large for indoor display, had been tacked to the wall. It depicted simply an enormous face, more than a metre wide: the face of a man of about forty-five, with a heavy black moustache and ruggedly handsome features. Winston made for the stairs. It was no use trying the lift. Even at the best of times it was seldom working, and at present the electric current was cut off during daylight hours. It was part of the economy drive in preparation for Hate Week. The flat was seven flights up, and Winston, who was thirty-nine and had a varicose ulcer above his right ankle, went slowly, resting several times on the way. On each landing, opposite the lift-shaft, the poster with the enormous face gazed from the wall. It was one of those pictures which are so contrived that the eyes follow you about when you move. BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU, the caption beneath it ran. Inside the flat a fruity voice was reading out a list of figures which had something to do with the production of pig-iron. The voice came from an oblong metal plaque like a dulled mirror which formed part of the surface of the right-hand wall. Winston turned a switch and the voice...
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...thirteen. Winston Smith, his chin nuzzled into his breast in an effort to escape the vile wind, slipped quickly through the glass doors of Victory Mansions, though not quickly enough to prevent a swirl of gritty dust from entering along with him. The hallway smelt of boiled cabbage and old rag mats. At one end of it a coloured poster, too large for indoor display, had been tacked to the wall. It depicted simply an enormous face, more than a metre wide: the face of a man of about forty-five, with a heavy black moustache and ruggedly handsome features. Winston made for the stairs. It was no use trying the lift. Even at the best of times it was seldom working, and at present the electric current was cut off during daylight hours. It was part of the economy drive in preparation for Hate Week. The flat was seven flights up, and Winston, who was thirty-nine and had a varicose ulcer above his right ankle, went slowly, resting several times on the way. On each landing, opposite the lift-shaft, the poster with the enormous face gazed from the wall. It was one of those pictures which are so contrived that the eyes follow you about when you move. BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU, the caption beneath it ran. Inside the flat a fruity voice was reading out a list of figFree eBooks at Planet eBook.com ures which had something to do with the production of pig-iron. The voice came from an oblong metal plaque like a dulled mirror which formed part of the surface of the right-hand wall. Winston turned...
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...“We make a living by what we get. We make a life by what we give.” -Sir Winston Churchill 62 Amazing Customer Service Tips and Quotes Time tested ideas and suggestions to keep your customers happy and loyal. by Kevin M. Stirtz www.AmazingServiceGuy.com 62 Customer Service Tips & Quotes “Care more than others think wise. Risk more than others think safe. Dream more than others think practical. Expect more than others The New Era of Customer Service We are in a new era of customer service. In fact, at the risk of sounding cliché, I’d even call it a new paradigm. Because much of what worked in the old days is just not effective any more. Many of the attitudes toward customer service are no longer relevant or useful to people and organizations who want to be successful. The new paradigm of customer service calls for people and their organizations to work together better than ever before. It is embodied in two concepts. They are the fundamental values behind every action and every decision. They are: To Serve and To Connect. As we work with our customers, we need to make sure we are constantly meeting these two standards. We need to serve them and we need to connect with them. think possible.” -Howard Schultz www.AmazingServiceGuy.com Copyright 2013 Kevin M.2Stirtz 2 62 Customer Service Tips & Quotes “Customer service is just a day in, day out ongoing, never ending, unremitting, persevering, compassionate, type...
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...HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2004 Cultural Liberty in Today’s Diverse World Accommodating people’s growing demands for their inclusion in society, for respect of their ethnicity, religion, and language, takes more than democracy and equitable growth. Also needed are multicultural policies that recognize differences, champion diversity and promote cultural freedoms, so that all people can choose to speak their language, practice their religion, and participate in shaping their culture— so that all people can choose to be who they are. 65 108 166 55 34 82 3 14 91 51 40 138 29 62 6 99 161 134 114 66 128 72 33 56 175 173 130 141 4 105 169 167 43 94 73 136 144 168 45 163 48 52 30 32 Albania Algeria Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Chile China Colombia Comoros Congo Congo, Dem. Rep. of the Costa Rica Côte d'Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic 17 154 95 98 100 120 103 109 156 36 170 81 13 16 122 155 97 19 131 24 93 121 160 172 104 153 115 23 38 7 127 111 101 10 22 21 79 9 90 78 148 28 44 110 135 50 80 Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Fiji Finland France Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guatemala Guinea...
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...Duke’s Global Capital Markets Center to launch new Directors’ Education Institute from the dean Dear Alumni and Friends, It is not possible, these days, for a top law school to be anything other than an international one. At Duke Law, we no longer think of “international” as a separate category. Virtually everything we do has some international dimension, whether it concerns international treaties and protocols, commercial transactions across national borders, international child custody disputes, criminal behavior that violates international human rights law, international sports competitions, global environmental regulation, international terrorism, or any number of other topics. And, of course, there is little that we do at Duke that does not involve scholars and students from other countries, who are entirely integrated with U.S. scholars and students. Students enrolled in our joint JD/LLM program in international and comparative law receive an in-depth education in both the public and private aspects of international and comparative law, enriched by the ubiquitous presence of foreign students; likewise, the foreign lawyers who enroll in our one-year LLM program in American law enroll in the same courses, attend the same conferences, and engage in the same intellectual and social life as American students. This issue of Duke Law Magazine provides a flavor of the international dimensions of the Law School. It touches on some of our ongoing international programs, including...
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...HOW TO GET THE TRUTH IN 5 M I NU T E S OR LESS IN ANY CONVERSATION OR SITUATION DAVID J.LIEBERMAN, PH.D. ST. MARTIN'S GRIFFIN NEW YORK ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Jennifer Enderlin, my editor at St. Martin's. She is an exceptional talent whose ability is matched only by her boundless passion for her work. And to those who have worked tirelessly, my warmest thanks to the publicity, marketing, advertising, and sales departments at St. Martin's for their intense efforts and commitment: Alison Lazarus, John Cunningham, Steve Kasdin, John Murphy, Jamie Brickhouse, Mike Storrings, Janet Wagner, Mark Kohut, and James Wehrle, and to the entire Broadway Sales Department for their continued efforts on behalf of this book. A special thanks to St. Martin's publisher, Sally Richardson, for her vast enthusiasm and belief in this project. A thousand thanks to David Stanford Burr, production editor, and Nancy Inglis, copy editor, for their outstanding work on the manuscript. Their hard work and diligence is evident throughout this entire book. I would like to thank my agents, Michael Larsen and Elizabeth Pomada. The success of their agency is a clear reflection of their professionalism and dedication. In an industry of giants, they stand without equals. My infinite appreciation and gratitude to Barbara and William O'Rourke, who gave me the two things every writer needs: tranquility and computer help. And my thanks to Laurie Rosin, one of the nation's...
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...Duke’s Global Capital Markets Center to launch new Directors’ Education Institute from the dean Dear Alumni and Friends, It is not possible, these days, for a top law school to be anything other than an international one. At Duke Law, we no longer think of “international” as a separate category. Virtually everything we do has some international dimension, whether it concerns international treaties and protocols, commercial transactions across national borders, international child custody disputes, criminal behavior that violates international human rights law, international sports competitions, global environmental regulation, international terrorism, or any number of other topics. And, of course, there is little that we do at Duke that does not involve scholars and students from other countries, who are entirely integrated with U.S. scholars and students. Students enrolled in our joint JD/LLM program in international and comparative law receive an in-depth education in both the public and private aspects of international and comparative law, enriched by the ubiquitous presence of foreign students; likewise, the foreign lawyers who enroll in our one-year LLM program in American law enroll in the same courses, attend the same conferences, and engage in the same intellectual and social life as American students. This issue of Duke Law Magazine provides a flavor of the international dimensions of the Law School. It touches on some of our ongoing international programs, including...
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