...Child Labour Submitted by and viewed 7823 times Total Word Count: 2272 Author Rating: NA [pic] Publisher | [pic] Print | Report Bad Article Child labour can be defined as the employment of children under the age of 18 years, it is considered by many people as the exploitation of children, and it is also considered to violate universal schooling and children rights. Children perform duties in factories, agriculture, domestic work, tourist guides, businesses and restaurants as waiters, extreme forms of child labour include child soldiers, trafficking and child prostitution. | | Introduction: Child labour can be defined as the employment of children under the age of 18 years, it is considered by many people as the exploitation of children, and it is also considered to violate universal schooling and children rights. Children perform duties in factories, agriculture, domestic work, tourist guides, businesses and restaurants as waiters, extreme forms of child labour include child soldiers, trafficking and child prostitution. There however exist other forms of constructive forms of child labour is evident where we have children who are actors or singers.[1] In developing countries children work in order to earn money to support their families, however in developed countries children work in order to be financially independent from their parents, in developing countries the major push factor to child labour is poverty, this may occur where adults who are parents and labourers...
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...itself. Work is work. It is absolutely wrong to consider any work as high or low. The work itself is a dignity. Every work has some dignity attached to it. It is improper for anybody to think that a certain kind of work is undignified or below his status. No work is mean or low. Since the very dawn of civilization man has been doing all kinds of work without any hitch and hesitation. All the religions of the world have enjoined man to do his work honestly. All the philosophers of the world have preached that no work is such as to undermine the dignity of man. “Thou shalt eat thy bread by the sweat of thy brow” was the curse of God upon the first man, Adam. God himself ordered man to work and work hard. All great men of the world have themselves acted according to this dictate of God. We in India have the example of our Father of the Nation, Mahatma Gandhi, who used to do every kind of work in his ashram. Not only he but all the inmates of the ashram were required to do all kinds of work with their own hands. Sweeping, cleaning, spinning, washing and even disposal of nightsoil was done by the inmates of the ashram. And nobody in the ashram thought that any of these things was below his dignity or would lower him in the eyes of others. The dignity of labour means that every kind of work is dignified. It also implies that dignity can be achieved only by hard work. The dignity of labour does necessarily cover manual labour I.e., physical labour or work done with hands. Great men have...
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...his own will and a people should not be the owner of another people. Especially nobody should be subordinated to someone else. A company – or a people – has to consider the interest of others, so that we can live in a peaceful world. Without considering the interests of the others, just doing what is your own interest would cause a chaos in the world. b) Why did the company feel the need to act at all? After announcing of the news in the media that Cadbury is using slaves on cocoa plantations in the Portuguese colony, buying slave-farmed cocoa beans from West Africa, and accusations about child labour, the image and reputation of Cadbury was hurt dramatically. So the question was whether it needed to take action, and if so what? In 2002 Cadbury supported a study by the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture to investigate the extent of child labour and forced labour, to getting rid unacceptable labour practices in cocoa production. c) Is it not the role of government to regulate how industries are run and to prevent these practices from recurring? The role of a government is to legislate what is wrong and right, and to guarantee that the given rules are followed. The rules are to be supposed to secure the wellness of people. Not following the rules should give consequences. The given legislate in this case is...
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...Ryan Bruvik October 8, 2014 Faith and Values Professor Mann Muay Thai In this essay I will discuss why 20,000 Thai children (under the age of 15) participating in Muay Thai, for prize money, is unethical from utilitarian and deontological perspectives. Muay Thai is defined as “a martial art developed in Thailand in which blows may be struck with the fists, elbows, knees, and shins” (Collins Dictionary). It is a male combat sport much like boxing that lasts five three-minute rounds and has been apart of the Thai culture for over 700 years (Marantz 2013). This paper will explain both sides of the argument for and against this ethical dilemma. From a Utilitarian perspective I would like to discuss how underage children participating in Muay Thai for money does not provide the greatest benefit for the greatest number currently or in the future. The major problem with Utilitarianism is that we do not know the future, as it is unpredictable. The main Utilitarian argument for children fighting is the income from fighting (win or lose) that helps support the children’s families in Thailand and serves as a mean to escape poverty (Marantz 2013). It also helps boost the economy through things such as tourism and gambling. These examples show that children fighters can bring a lot of good for a great number of people; however this might not necessarily be the greatest good. The major cons of Muay Thai include parents strictly relying on their underage children for income and...
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...arguments which are; ethical, health and legal issues. Surrogate motherhood is not only degrading to women it is morally wrong, and takes away all meaning to pregnancy. A New Look at Surrogate Motherhood Would you rather be a genetic or a birth mother? There was a study done, fifty women were asked this question as a result the majority of the women preferred to be a birth mother rather than a genetic mother. (Would you rather be a 'birth' or a 'genetic' mother? if so, how much?, 1994). The bonds a woman establishes with her child while pregnant is one that can never be replaced. If the majority of women would rather bear a child themselves for this particular reason; why is commercial surrogate motherhood on the rise? Some women are beginning to consider commercial surrogate motherhood as a better alternative than adoption. To enforce a contract on something that is so personal to women like labor and childbirth is not only ethically wrong but morally wrong as well. What is surrogacy? Surrogacy is when one woman bears a child for another that for some reason cannot do on their own. There are several types of surrogacy; Altruistic, commercial, genetic and gestatory. Altruistic surrogacy is when the person bearing the child is doing it for a family member or friend. Commercial surrogacy is when the potential parents seek an individual to bear their child and usually involves payment to the surrogate. Both altruistic and commercial surrogate mothers can be genetic or gestatory...
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...Jaime Smith S. Scullion ENG 122 11 April 2011 International Child Labor Controversy Exploitation of children, taking advantage of children in the work place, has been referred to by researchers as the most widespread type of child abuse. Child labor is known to have first become an international issue in the 1860s and not until the 1980s, did the global movement begin. Today, more than 200 million children in the world are involved in child labor, with more than 50 percent of them working in extremely hazardous settings (International Labor Organization Video). The term child labor has many definitions depending on who you are talking to, meaning there is no concrete definition. For some, this phrase means preventing children from attending school and causing hazards to their health. Though for others, child labor simply involves any child under the age of 15 working for pay. Regardless of the definition, children could do factory work, mining, trafficking, prostitution, agriculture, or work in their parents’ business. There are many benefits of child labor whether it is for the economy, or ironically, the life of the children; however, the exploitation of these children has become such an international affair that laws or regulations need to be implemented globally in order to protect the welfare of all children. The argument, made time and time again, that children worldwide in child labor are disadvantaged in education and are susceptible to inadequate health is only...
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...CHILD LABOUR IN PAKISTAN | | | | | | | God has given human beings the boon of wisdom and discretion to think upon the signs of the universe and to draw conclusions. That is the reason why they disclose the hidden facts of it and its structure and have made remarkable progress in many walks of life. Children are the flowers of heaven. They are the most beautiful and purest creation of God. They are innocent both inwardly and outwardly. No doubt, they are the beauty of this world. Early in the morning when the children put on different kinds of clothes and begin to go to schools for the sake of knowledge, we feel a specific kind of joy through their innocence. | | But there are also other children, those who cannot go to schools due to financial problems, they only watch others go to schools and can merely wish to seek knowledge.It is due to many hindrances and difficulties; desperate conditions that they face in life. Having been forced to kill their aspirations, dreams and other wishes, they are pressed to earn a living for themselves and for their families. It is also a fact that there are many children who play a key role in sustaining the economically life of their family without which, their families would not be able to make ends meet. These are also part of our society who have forgotten the pleasures of their childhood. When a child in addition to getting education, earns his livelihood, this act of earning a livelihood is called as child Labour. The concept...
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...International Labour Organization (ILO), there were about 218 million child labourers around the world in 2004. The child means the person whose age is not over 18. A host of people consider that child employment is definitely wrong. On the other hand, others regard that children can receive significant experience from their paid jobs therefore it can play a key role in both learning and taking responsibility. This essay will examine the situation of child labour worldwide to discuss which age group’s children can get a paid job; what kind of work they can do; what are the positive and negative effects to the society and what kind measures can government introduce to protect child labourers. My opinion will be shown at the end. Finding Around 158 million children aged between 5 and 14 are working as child labourers. More specifically, an estimated one third of 69 million children in Sub-Saharan Africa are working as child labourers. Moreover, about 44 million child labourers are in South Asia. Most of them are engaged in risky conditions or situations, including working with hazardous machinery, working in mines. Children living in lowest-income families and rural areas are most able to be involved in child labour. (UNICEF, 2008) More than 200 million children are engaged in child labour in the world, the work for them jeopardises their intellectual, physical and emotional development. Children work for their lives and their families depend on them. About 75% of child labourers...
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...efficient? Can they be improved? This essay will focus on Ikea’s global sourcing’s tradeoffs and will highlight the way they can be enhanced. The first part of this essay will describe the regular sourcing process of IKEA including the strategy, the second part will emphasize how the sourcing should be done to be successful and the last part will provide recommendations about the processes according to the analysis. For a company, global sourcing is basically choosing different suppliers all around the world in order to use worldwide efficiencies and reduce costs. Global sourcing offers various advantages such as low cost materials and skilled labour, diminution of lead times, and also economical advantages like low taxes or low trade tariffs. These benefits will directly be related to the production costs and the final products. That is why global souring is an important factor in the procurement process, which should not be neglected. Through the last twenty years IKEA’s sourcing strategy has seen many changes. One of the first improvements was a reduction in the number of suppliers. In fact, in 1990, IKEA counted 2500 suppliers; the brand has...
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...Vanessa Heber November 17, 2010 SOCI 202 (LW): Canadian Families: Past, Present, and Future Danita Kagan Research/Analytical Review Paper McDonaldization Research Paper In a world where society is so influenced by technological advancements and materialistic possessions and where most people are often inclined to decide the way the live their lives, purchase items and what values and beliefs they follow based on brands, brand characteristics and brand values. We see many North Americans follow a way of life based on brands they connect with such as those who are Nike lovers; most often turn into what the brand stands for. They have a love for athletics, they always must show high performance in more than just sports and always exert a sense of authenticity in their lifestyle, but most importantly they live their lives in a “just do it” mentality. Yet even further social institutions that affiliate around the Nike lifestyle tend to have this same sense of rationalization. However, Nike is a brand that has had a small influence on those who are the brands consumer, when compared to some larger more influential brands. Yet there is one brand, with high global reach that triumphs all brands. This brand is the largest fast-food chain worldwide and the most influential brand in North Americans particularly; this brand is of course McDonalds. In The McDonaldization Thesis: Is Expansion Inevitable written by George Ritzer, Ritzer reveals that on a global scale the brand personality...
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...Parents must provide education to their children, but why some parents force their children to take absences in school? Absenteeism has long been a disturbing issue for school. Students are absent from school every day with and without a valid reason. Absenteeism is believed to have a major impact on student learning. The inquiry might be a family situation or an individual problem. Then, under these courses are the factors that contribute to a child’s regular absences; Children are absent from school because their parents keep them away from school on a frequent basis because of the parents’ needs and priorities. In some cases, children may be kept home to take care of a parent or sibling who is not feeling well. Knowing the impact of absenteeism to their child’s learning performance, a parent must be at the concerns of convincing their child to attend school and protect them from the primary causes of their absences. When an assignment is given to the student, teachers have to keep in mind that the student is receiving other assignment from other subjects as well. Therefore, the teacher needs to set a reasonable and fair date for the assignment. Lack of time for an assignment can be very demotivating, as this can cause stress within the student. Stress will lead to one or more of the signs of demotivated students. Respect is a demand we all require. The student has to receive respect from its peers as well as teachers. By doing so, the student will most likely get in the...
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...Business Ethics Case Analysis: Apple Finds Human Rights Violation In Supply Chain. Using the 7-step model of Hartman & DesJardins, which helps examining the Impact of individual characteristics and organisational policies on ethical decisions. I will review an article written by the journalist Chilton Tippin on February 17, 2011, discussing the situation that many employees are experiencing, when working with organisations, where their moral rights are not met. According to the article, Surprisingly 8 months after the scandal suicides at Foxxcon’s Shenzhen factory in China, apple continues finding events where human rights are violated. For the first instance “Human rights violations”, would be the main ethical issue surrounding the case, “however”, I consider indispensable starting the research by firstly giving a clear definition on ethics and the importance of its application in business. Besides from identifying the problem of the case and knowing who is fighting against whom, an analysis of the stakeholders is going to be completed to understand what does the organisation mean for the stakeholder and vice versa. Next process would be weighing the options and finding the available alternative routes of action, while searching how they might affect the stakeholders, this with the use of ethical theories to support each of my arguments. Seek guidance would be the next process on the decision making model, which consist in identifying rules and norms setting initiatives on...
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...impulse to see it tried on him personally.” In many countries worldwide, people are being exploited on a daily basis by factories around the world known as sweatshops. A sweatshop is a term used to describe a working environment, commonly factories manufacturing textile goods that are deemed dangerous due to poor working conditions. Workers who work at these sweatshops often endure sexual, physical and mental abuse, who work long unreasonable hours with no leave, lacking any health care benefits whatsoever for meager wage. These sweatshops often employ the usage of child labor and women, as they are easier to control. Today, my research essay will be on sweatshops and how the benefits of Fair trade and anti-sweatshop activism in the long run, can be beneficial. I will explore the poor and harsh working conditions of these workers, how working in a sweatshop can affect their health both mentally and physically, how child labor is being employed in these sweatshops and how women and children are mainly the ones being exploited in these sweatshops. More often than not, many Americans assume that these acts are not ongoing today, and are oblivious to the ways we as consumers, are actually supporting these organizations unknowingly. Authorities should further enforce laws and rules as well to prohibit such travesties from occurring. Many do not know of the poor and harsh working conditions these workers’ are subjected to on a daily basis. War on Want, is an anti-poverty charity...
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...association between chocolate and child labor in the Cote d'Ivoire. Young boys whose ages range from 12 to 16 have been sold into slave labor and are forced to work in cocoa farms in order to harvest the beans, from which chocolate is made, under inhumane conditions and extreme abuse. This West African country is the leading exporter of cocoa beans to the world market. Cocoa farms in the Cote d'Ivoire are violating children's human rights in two ways: they are involved in trafficking the children and are also the site of forced labor. There are about 600,000 cocoa farms in Cote d'Ivoire (Child Labor Coalition). Estimates of the number of children forced to work as slaves on these farms are as high as 15,000. Although some children come from Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Togo, most of the trafficked children come from Mali. More than 5.000 children work in the cocoa plantations in Ivory Coast without being victims of slavery, according to the results of an investigation of the International office of Work (the ILO) made public in Abidjan. Hubert Oulaye, Minister of the Ivory Coast for the Public office and Employment affirmed that an investigation carried resulted in 1.500 producers divided in 250 villages and localities and 39 sub-prefectures in the cocoa production zones. The Ivory Coast was regarded these last years in West Africa as one of the most important destinations of the traffic of children, employees in particular like cheap labour in the cocoa plantations, of which...
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...be as right (ethical) or wrong (unethical). History of Nike: . Start with 2 man trying to make good shoes . In 1964 Phil Knight and University of Oregon Track coach Billy found Blue Ribbon later name as Nike. . Nike Sport good in Japan and US. market. . In 1978 Nike become the world largest seller for Ethical goods. ETHICAL Problems: 1) Role of Government: The role of the government also plays a major role in these challenges that are faced by Nike. As we know that government laws and regulations are differ from country to country and this makes manufacturing of products very difficult challenge for the international companies like Nike. 2) Ethical Responsibility: The management of Nike should understand that why ethical responsibility is needed within the company because it is the organization’s management to make decisions and take actions that will grow and interest of the society and as well the organization. 3) Nike Labor issue in Pakistan: Nike has been accused of using child labour in the production of its soccer balls in Pakistan . GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) and WTO (World Trade Organization) member nations, like the United States, against the importation of goods made by Children. Child labor exists in Sialkot both in the export sector and the domestic sector. This fact has been well documented and reported by the international media for several years because In Pakistan it is clearly documented that child labor is against the law...
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