...Herd immunity occurs when the majority of the population is immune through vaccination against a disease or virus making it tough for the disease to spread throughout the population because there are only a couple people that aren’t immune. Herd immunity benefits those who can’t be vaccinated which are mostly made up of young children, the ill, and those who have immune system problems. It is beneficial to have herd immunity because it can stop the disease from spreading in a population. However, when not enough of the population is immune to the disease herd immunity will disappear leading to the continued spread of the disease. Among those who are not immune are children whose parents refuse to vaccinate due to religious beliefs or because...
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...got vaccinated. It was very painful and I cried. Many people may have an experience like me. However vaccinations help us not to suffer from a certain health problem and lead to an advantageous response to infection. We have had many inoculations decades such as polio, measles, tetanus, diphtheria, etc. As a person of South Korea, I have had many vaccinations. It plays an important role in living healthy. Therefore, I think that all nations should be mandatory vaccinations because it would protect individual and the nation’s health. According to Health Affairs, a journal about healthcare and health policy, a vaccine was attempted for the first time by Edward Jenner who was a doctor from the United Kingdom in 1796. During this time, smallpox spread throughout the UK. Meanwhile Jenner discovered that ranch workers milking cows everyday didn’t catch well the disease. There was a disease, cowpox that is similar to smallpox but a weaker form. When a person contracted cowpox, he or she could endure well than a person who caught smallpox and wasn’t stricken with smallpox anymore. Inspired by this realization Jenner invented the smallpox vaccine after some experiments using cowpox virus. Since then the term ‘vaccine’ began to be used by Louis Pasteur who has been called “microbial father”....
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...Mandatory Influenza Vaccinations Review Shumetria Cleveland English 321 Mandatory Influenza Vaccinations Review Introduction Influenza is a highly, contagious virus that affects the respiratory system. It is transmitted from person to person through respiratory droplets by an infected person coughing or sneezing. Influenza is much more serious than the common cold and is preventable. Good hand washing, covering your cough, and good health habits will prevent the spread of influenza and other respiratory diseases. It is onset by chills, fatigue, high fever, cough, sore throat, and body aches are some sign or symptoms of influenza often referred to as the flu. The incubation period is one to four days. Each year, influenza causes a significant increase in illness and death. In the elderly, children, patients with chronic illness and immune compromised disease. Once in a while the influenza changes to a severe disease. In the early 1900 there was a pandemic that killed approximately 20,000,000 people. Scientist later discovered the bacterial that causes the virus by testing the blood. Today physicians are able to keep the bacterial infections under control with antibiotics. In 2009 the swine flu epidemic caused illness, stole lives and flashed a light on health care workers to get mandatory influenza vaccinations. Some institutions, for the first time, implemented policies for mandatory influenza vaccines for health care workers due to the escalation of the swine flu...
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...“Why should I get vaccinated? Don’t they cause autism and have other risks?” The concern whether vaccines should be made mandatory has been a topic of debate recently as people are becoming apprehensive about the safety of immunizations. Americans are doubting the effectiveness of vaccines, and unfortunately are deciding to refuse vaccination. Refusing vaccinations threatens the defense against diseases not only for that individual, but for our community as well. People who do not receive vaccinations put everybody at risk, and this introduces a major concern for our public health. My proposal to benefit our community, and to help preserve the health of the new generation is that vaccinations should be made mandatory for people that are not...
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...there is a very effective vaccination. The measles a very contagious disease, and also a preventable disease will most likely continue to spread without widespread vaccinations. As other diseases continue to spread many people are having second thoughts about whether to require preventative vaccines. It’s leading many people to question laws that allow parents not to vaccinate their children. So, if we are so afraid of an epidemic outbreak; then why do we have such laws, allowing parents to opt out of vaccinating their children? Vaccinations should be required for every child. To estimate the vaccination rate in the context of the 2015 measles outbreak Maimuna S. Majumder, MPH (Master of Public Health), and his colleagues obtained data from the California Department of Public Health and HealthMap media alerts. They used the incidence decay and exponential adjustment (IDEA) method to approximate the effective reproductive number. They...
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...The U.S. Government on Mandatory Vaccination What are vaccines? Vaccines contain a mixture of sugars, proteins, and certain chemicals that all serve a purpose in neutralizing the severely weakened or dead virus within. They are substances that are typically injected subcutaneously under the skin to trigger a bodily response. This response activates the creation of antibodies against the foreign compounds, which then leads to immunization from the desired disease. Although the modern story of vaccination began with Edward Jenner’s approach of introducing already infected material to a healthy subject to protect against smallpox, the idea dates as far back as 1000 B.C. in China. Before agreeing to the label of vaccination, it was generally termed inoculation. It was Jenner’s 1796 research that became the base for which smallpox ultimately became eradicated in the United States. Today we strive to advance our understanding of vaccinations to build a future free from diseases such as HIV, malaria, dengue, and RSV. Today, the government and its schools hold considerable responsibility in the control of preventable diseases. The initial mandatory vaccination laws were passed by Massachusetts in the early 1850’s. The vaccine law transpired because of the new mandatory school attendance law. It was passed in order to keep the growing number of school students safe from disease, and to halt the advancement of smallpox. Vaccines were never collectively respected though. The...
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...Should a child be vaccinated? Should a child be vaccinated? Paul Kim Period 8 There is nothing worse than seeing an adolescent life being taken away from a dangerous disease. It is really painful knowing that person will never get to live to see their full potential and experience life. Diseases cause many deaths every year, it is inevitable. Bacteria are contained in every disease and one way it is absorbed is by being inhaled by the people, which will infect the body as a whole. It is really simple in that bacteria will continue to live freely and happily while the host will have to suffer the effects of it. Some diseases are caused by viruses. A virus is basically a non-living infection that attacks the immune system and tries infecting other living cells. Children are much more vulnerable to diseases compared to adults because of the fact that their immune systems is still developing. Children are weak because they haven’t lived life long enough to gain immunity to diseases. So how could children protect themselves from diseases one may ask? Taking vaccination early will not only protect you from diseases, but greatly improve your immune system to counter all the other diseases. The invention of medical immunizations has not only been used to heal from the disease, but also to keep the spread of disease low. Having immunizations available have greatly lowered the amount of deaths in the world. Vaccination should continue to stay mandatory because it keeps diseases...
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...grows while its victim dies. Other diseases are caused by viruses; a non-living infection that attacks the immune system and other living cells. Children are much more vulnerable to disease because of their weak immune systems. They’re weak because they haven’t lived life long enough to build immunities for such infections. So how would children protect themselves? Simple, vaccinations. However, in medicine, there are always risks. So, parents argue that vaccinations shouldn’t be mandatory for children. For many years, immunizations have continued to keep the spread of disease low. They have lowered the amount of deaths and saved lives. On the other hand, what if it was against families’ religion or they say their child is a “tough one” and they can handle the severe symptoms of disease? Those are the arguments made by people who believe that vaccines shouldn’t be mandatory for children. Are those arguments strong enough to counter all the children’s lives that have been saved by intelligent medicine? Unless America wants to unleash the beast of infectious killers, vaccinations for children should be mandatory to keep it from spreading and eventually killing. Bacteria and viruses can take hold of its victims a few different ways. It can infect through the respiratory system causing chest pain and coughing. One of the most fatal ways for children to be infected is through Meningitis. Meningitis is an infection in the cerebrospinal fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord...
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...primary reasons why healthcare workers (HCWs) have been targeted for influenza (flu) vaccination. The first reason is to protect HCWs from disease and to prevent work absenteeism, particularly during flu outbreaks or pandemics. The second motive is to protect others such as co-workers and family members, especially vulnerable patients in their care since HCWs can be a significant source of nosocomial spread of influenza. When a healthcare professional receives a vaccination, it sets an example for colleagues and others in the community and increases the likelihood HCWs will advocate for vaccination. Purpose of the Intervention The purpose of the proposed intervention is to maximize vaccination rates in...
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...It used to be that vaccinations were just a normal part of growing up, just like any other milestone such as potty training or losing teeth. However, in recent years more parents are choosing not to have their children vaccinated. Although many believe that vaccinations do more harm than good, vaccines should be mandatory because they are beneficial to the economy, provide safety for those who cannot get vaccinated, and protect future generations. One reason as to why many parents neglect to have their child vaccinated is the cost of vaccines, without health insurance vaccinations can be out of reach for some families with financial issues. When in reality vaccinations are economically beneficial to the general population as well as the parents of the child....
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...addressing concerns of citizens who may object to mandatory immunization requirements? Background: In the United States, virtually every state has enacted legislation in which they mandate some level of compulsory vaccinations for its citizens. In order for a child to attend public schools, they must receive all required vaccinations. Throughout history, many have disagreed and opposed vaccinations for various reasons. Many of the citizens do not believe that vaccines mandates to be constitutional. Also, many do not believe the state legislatures have the power to require everyone to receive certain vaccinations and view the authority as a violation of their constitutional rights. Recently, there has been an increase in people who are against to vaccinations as a possible factor to Autism in children. Also, religious beliefs play a role in opposing vaccinations for themselves and their children. These have built anger and opposition to the states mandates of some vaccinations. In 1813, United States Vaccine Agency was established. “The U.S. Congress authorized and James Madison signed ‘An Act to Encourage Vaccination,’ establishing a National Vaccine Agency” (History of Vaccines RSS). This Act was the first push by the United States for citizens to get vaccinated. In 1855, Massachusetts was the first state that passed a law for vaccinations for all children that is attending school (History of Vaccines RSS). Passing laws for vaccinations brought more dispute and oppositions to vaccines...
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...We are going to be discussing why the government should not make us vaccinate our children. Some may say that it might put our safety at risk and that there is no reason why someone should not vaccinate their children. But however some people might not even realize is that making us have vaccines is limiting our free choice for our own bodies and I thought this was America! We don’t think the government should be able to force people to have their children vaccinated we think that it should be the people's choice and if their children get sick that's their fault and if the vaccines do work then the people should not worried to get sick. People who are not vaccinated should not be excluded from school or other public places just because they...
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...Immunization is a very controversial topic including the issue of mandatory flu vaccination for front-line health care workers. Health care workers are the front-line workers to whom patients are first exposed to during the initial encounter to medical system. Influenza is commonly referred to as the seasonal flu which strikes 5% to 15% of the world’s population with approximately 3 to 5 million severe cases of illness which leads to 250000 to 500000 deaths annually (World Health Organization [WHO], 2014). In addition, hospital acquired influenza has a 16% mortality rate which increases to 60% in high-risk population groups (Cortes-Penfield, 2014). Specifically in Canada, the average rate of influenza infection is 10% to 20% of the population...
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...Vaccinations: The Greatest Health Development of Modern History Dr. Carl Sagan, a renowned Cornell-educated academic and astronomer, once stated that “Advances in medicine and agriculture have saved vastly more lives than have been lost in all the wars in history” (Sagan 15). Of all the advances in medicine throughout history, nothing is more beneficial and effective in the mission to prevent the spread of infectious diseases, than the vaccine. Diseases previously common to man, such as smallpox, polio, and whooping cough, are now prevented by this miracle of medicine, resulting in countless of human lives being saved. Despite controversial and considerable opposition from numerous anti-vaccine movements, vaccines are widely accepted to be...
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...Jennifer Krahenbuhl English 102 Patricia McKeown September 1st 2014 Pros and Cons to Vaccinations in Children Almost everyone has heard of the benefits and dangers of childhood vaccines. Parents are especially eager to do what is best for their child to protect him or her. Some people have different opinions on what the best specifically entails when it comes to childhood vaccines. Vaccinations are a controversial discussion as parents question whether it should be mandatory or optional when they feel the cons outweigh the pros. The government says it is the right thing to do for parents and their families to remain safe from illnesses and diseases. However, there have been opinions of opposition voiced by parents and health advocates about whether or not it is worth the risk of being sick once vaccinated and whether these vaccinations actually work. The argument on both sides range from First Amendment right issues all the way to disabling health concerns. This essay will serve to examine and elaborate both the positive and negative perspectives on vaccinations in infants and children and why certain parents hesitate in vaccinating their children. The center of disease and control prevention(CDCP) claim there are five important vaccinations every child should receive. The chicken pox vaccine, measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) Vaccine, the Hepatitis vaccine, the haemophilus influenza type B(HIB) Vaccine, and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. The chicken pox vaccine is probably...
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